2 0 0 0 OA 現代日本人の生理的多型を構成する遺伝要因の検証(特別企画 生理人類学の最新研究1)
2 0 0 0 OA 介護老人保健施設におけるオムツ交換作業中の介護者の生体負担
- 著者
- Maria V. Dobrovolskaya
- 出版者
- 日本生理人類学会
- 雑誌
- Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science (ISSN:13453475)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.24, no.4, pp.433-438, 2005 (Released:2005-08-01)
- 参考文献数
- 13
- 被引用文献数
- 11 13
Undoubtedly modern mankind is an omnivorous species. Nevertheless, types of diet changed at the time of anthropogenesis. The Upper Palaeolithic period is the crucial time because of the appearance of anatomically modern humans in Europe. The main goal in this period investigation is to find the Neanderthal man—Upper Palaeolithic man diet distinction. A sharp early Holocene rise in humidity and temperature and melting of the permafrost resulted in the complete destruction of traditional migration routes, campsite losses, and the flora and fauna of inland territories changing. All these factors affected nutrition patterns, too. The comparison of the different Mesolithic and Neolithic groups' diet patterns allow us to discuss problems of the influence of cultural and ecological factors. The bone tissue chemical concentrations (Ca, Zn, Sr, Cu) from Upper Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic burials are considered to reconstruct individual and group patterns of nutrition. The results of the atomic absorption method were used.
2 0 0 0 OA 成人女子の皮下脂肪分布について : 第2報 四肢部皮下脂肪厚と全身の脂肪分布型
- 著者
- 斉藤 秀子 田村 照子
- 出版者
- 日本生理人類学会
- 雑誌
- The Annals of physiological anthropology (ISSN:02878429)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.13, no.4, pp.183-196, 1994-07-01
2 0 0 0 OA 2-14 夏季スポーツ活動時における思春期前児童の直腸温と総発汗量
- 著者
- Alicia Canda
- 出版者
- 日本生理人類学会
- 雑誌
- Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY (ISSN:18806791)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.28, no.2, pp.71-82, 2009-03-30 (Released:2009-04-04)
- 参考文献数
- 41
- 被引用文献数
- 6 15
Knowledge of stature is necessary for evaluating nutritional status and for correcting certain functional parameters. Measuring stature is difficult or impossible in bedridden or wheelchair-bound persons and may also be diminished by disorders of the spinal column or extremities. The purpose of this work is to develop estimation equations for young adult athletes for their subsequent application to disabled persons. The main sample comprised 445 male and 401 female sportspersons. Cross validation was also performed on 100 males and 101 females. All were Caucasian, the males being over 21 and the females over 18, and all practiced some kind of sport. The following variables were included: stature, sitting height, arm span, and lengths of upper arm, forearm, hand, thigh, lower leg, and foot. Simple and multiple regression analyses were performed using stature as a dependent variable and the others as predictive variables. The best equation for males (R2=0.978; RMSE=1.41 cm; PE=1.54 cm) was stature: 1.346+1.023 * lower leg+0.957 * sitting height+0.530 * thigh+0.493 * upper arm+0.228 * forearm. For females (R2=0.959; RMSE=1.57 cm; PE=1.25 cm) it was stature: 1.772+0.159 * arm span+0.957 * sitting height+0.424 * thigh+0.966 * lower leg. Alternative equations were developed for when a particular variable cannot be included for reasons of mobility, technical difficulty, or segment loss.
2 0 0 0 OA ビデオゲームにおける疲労と習熟
2 0 0 0 OA 竹刀を用いた光刺激に対する引き技動作の筋電図反応時間及び打撃動作時間の分析
2 0 0 0 OA P-16 入眠時寝姿勢と睡眠時寝姿勢に関する検討
2 0 0 0 OA Physical Fitness and Psychological Benefits of Strength Training in Community Dwelling Older Adults
- 著者
- Toshihiko Tsutsumi Brian M. Don Leonard D. Zaichkowsky Laura L. Delizonna
- 出版者
- 日本生理人類学会
- 雑誌
- Applied Human Science (ISSN:13413473)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.16, no.6, pp.257-266, 0001-01-01 (Released:2001-09-28)
- 参考文献数
- 46
- 被引用文献数
- 45 95
Previous studies concerning psychological benefits of exercise among the elderly has focused predominantly on the effects of aerobic exercise. In the present study, psychological and behavioral adaptations in response to 12-weeks of strength training were examined in medically healthy but sedentary 42 older adults (mean age=68 years). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of high and low intensity resistance training intensity on a) muscular fitness, b) psychological affect, and c) neurocognitive functioning. Subjects were randomly assigned to high intensity/low volume (EXH: 2 sets of 8 to 10 repetitions for 75 to 85% of 1 RM), low intensity/high volume (EXL: 2 sets of 14 to 16 repetitions for 55 to 65% of 1 RM), or no exercise control programs. Prior to and following the 12-week program, subjects underwent comprehensive physiological and psychological evaluations. Physiological assessment included measurements of blood pressure, heart rate, arm and leg muscle strength, body composition, and oxygen consumption (VO2max). Psychological measures included evaluations of mood, anxiety, and physical self-efficacy as well as cognitive functioning. The results of this study indicated that both high and low intensity strength programs were associated with marked improvements in physiological fitness and psychological functioning. Specifically, subjects in the strength training programs increased overall muscle strength by 38.6% and reduced percent body fat by 3.0%. Favorable psychological changes in the strength-trained subjects included improvements in positive and negative mood, trait anxiety, and perceived confidence for physical capability. The treatment effects of neurocognitive functioning were not significant. In summary, this study demonstrated that participation in 12-weeks of high or low intensity strength training can improve overall physical fitness, mood, and physical self-efficacy in older adults while cognitive functioning remains constant.
2 0 0 0 OA P-12 秋期における登山用装備品・被服類に関する調査研究
- 著者
- 下村 義弘
- 出版者
- 日本生理人類学会
- 雑誌
- 日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.11, no.1, pp.51, 2006-02-25 (Released:2017-07-28)
- 著者
- 阿部 詠子
- 出版者
- 日本生理人類学会
- 雑誌
- 日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.27, no.3, pp.97-102, 2022-08-25 (Released:2022-08-25)
- 参考文献数
- 31
There is a decrease in the water content in cells, amount of fluid circulation, amount of bone, and function of internal organs at an older age. These factors tend to cause frailty. The amount of water in the body in older people is also greatly affected by the degree of individual mental and physical disorders, such as chronic illness, visceral function, decreased swallowing function, loss of appetite, dementia, and depression. These factors are rarely measured in older people in welfare facilities and in comprehensive community care. Recent studies have shown urinary disorders due to excessive salt intake and water intake, which are discussed in this article.
1 0 0 0 OA 紅茶の香りが高齢女性の睡眠と心理・認知機能に及ぼす効果
- 著者
- 大野 敦子 佐久川 千津子 矢田 幸博
- 出版者
- 日本生理人類学会
- 雑誌
- 日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.27, no.1, pp.10-22, 2022-02-25 (Released:2022-02-25)
- 参考文献数
- 62
- 被引用文献数
- 1
In this study, the effects of black tea aroma on sleep and psychological and cognitive functions were investigated in community-dwelling elderly women. Nocturnal inhalation of black tea aroma significantly shortened sleep latency and bed out latency while significantly increasing sleep efficiency. In the evaluation of psychological function using the MOS 36-Item Short Form Health Survey subscale, physical functioning and vitality significantly improved, and the evaluation of cognitive function showed a significant decrease in short-term memory reaction times. Significant correlations were found between shortened sleep latency and shorter short-term memory reactions, shortened sleep latency and higher Mini-Mental State Examination scores, shortened bed out latency and lower Athens Insomnia Scale scores, and shortened bed out latency and lower Self-rating Depression Scale scores. These results suggest that improved sleep onset and awakening resulting from nighttime exposure to black tea aroma may improve cognitive function and reduce the feeling of insomnia and depression.
1 0 0 0 OA 血糖値上昇が認知機能及び情動に及ぼす影響について
- 著者
- 鈴木 香澄 佐藤 直人 澁谷 顕一
- 出版者
- 日本生理人類学会
- 雑誌
- 日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.22, no.2, pp.85-89, 2017 (Released:2017-10-31)
Glucose is the only fuel normally used by the brain. It is thought that blood glucose levels affect cognitive function. The present study investigated whether performance in the emotional Stroop task (EST), which can evaluate both the cognitive function and emotional state of subjects, was susceptible to blood glucose levels or not. Each subject participated in the EST under both fasting condition (FC) and blood glucose increased condition (BGC). Our results show that the reaction time of the EST in the BGC was significantly higher than that in the FC (p = 0.0011). However, we did not find a significant difference in emotional state between BGC and FC (p = 0.5134). From these results, we conclude that increased blood glucose levels improve cognitive function but does not change the emotional state of subjects.
- 著者
- 前田 享史
- 出版者
- 日本生理人類学会
- 雑誌
- 日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.18, no.1, pp.33-37, 2013-02-25 (Released:2017-07-28)
- 参考文献数
- 13
Physiological polytypism is a keyword to need an anthropological thinking most in five keywords of physiological anthropology. In this paper, I will try to show approach to physiological polytypism from physiological mechanism based on the latest knowledge and data about cold tolerance in human, which studied for a long time in the field of physiological anthropology I will show the possibility of "the brown adipose thermogenesis type", "the shivering thermogenesis type", and "the high basal metabolism type" from physiological mechanisms of the thermogenesis in cold, the recent reports about the development of skeletal muscle and brown adipose cell which are the effectors of thermogenesis, and observed data.
1 0 0 0 OA 日本人女性における歩行中の下肢関節運動の加齢変化
- 著者
- 中島 弘貴 武末 慎 Ping Yeap Loh 村木 里志
- 出版者
- 日本生理人類学会
- 雑誌
- 日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.24, no.1, pp.9-18, 2019 (Released:2019-04-15)
This study investigated the relationships between age and walking motion of female adults (19-86 years) with independent walking ability. The walking motion with self-selected speed was measured with 3D motion analysis systems. Generally, the cadence was increased while step length was decreased with advanced age. In contrast to younger female, a larger hip joint flexion and extension with a smaller ankle joint plantar-flexion were observed among older female. In summary, this study presented the differences in gait characteristics of female at different age groups. There were strong relationships between age, and increased hip flexion and decreased ankle plantar-flexion from terminal stance phase to initial swing phase.