著者
勝田 茂 高松 薫 田中 守 小泉 順子 久野 譜也 田渕 健一
出版者
社団法人日本体育学会
雑誌
体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.2, pp.p141-149, 1989-09

Attempts were made to clarify whether or not fiber composition of the m. vastus lateralis could be predicted with running performance. Biopsy samples from 32 well-trained and 17 untrained adult males were examined for the percentage area of fast-twitch (FT) and slow-twitch (ST) fibers which might be related to the physical performance better than the fiber type distribution. In addition, each subject completed 50-m sprint and 12-min run tests. A multiple regression analysis revealed that in the trained males predictive accuracy (R^2) for the percentage area of FT fibers (% areaFT) from the ratio of a 50-m sprint speed to a 12-min run speed (50 m・S/12 min・S) was higher than that from most of other variables,e.g. 50 m・S, 12 min・S, or the combination of 50 m・S and 12 min・S; R^2 of 50 m・S/12 min・S was 80.3%(p&lt0.05). A positive correlation between 50 m・S/12 min・S and %areaFT also existed for the untrained subjects (R^2=63.7%, p&lt0.05). The linear regression equations of %areaFT (Y) on 50 m・S/12 min・S (X)were Y=-68.6 + 76.2X (r=0.896, p&lt0.05) and Y=-47.5 + 61.1X (r=0.798, p&lt0.05) for the trained and untrained males, respectively. There was no significant difference in the regression equations between the trained and untrained males. For all subjects, the equation was Y=-59.8 + 69.8X (r=0.876, p&lt0.05) and the standard error of estimate of %areaFT on 50 m・S/12 min . S was 8.86%. These results suggest that the performances of a 50-m sprint and a 12-min run are valuable indicators in, accurately, easily and noninvasively, predicting the percentage area of FT and ST fibers of the m. vastus lateralis from adult male.
著者
前村 公彦 鈴木 康弘 高松 薫
出版者
社団法人日本体育学会
雑誌
体育學研究 (ISSN:04846710)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.4, pp.415-424, 2005-07-10

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of sprint training (30-s maximal cycle ergometer sprinting) on bicarbonate buffering capacity and anaerobic capacity. Fourteen healthy males were assigned to either a training group (TG; n=7) or a control group (CG; n=7). The TG performed sprint training 2 days per week for 8 weeks. Before and after training, exercise performance (mean power) and excess CO_2 output (ExcessCO_2) were measured by 30-s maximal cycle ergometer sprinting, and maximal accumulated oxygen deficit (MAOD) was measured by 2-3 min exhaustive cycling test. Mean power (pre: 8.5±0.9W/kg, post: 9.3±0.8W/kg, p<0.01), ExcessCO_2 (pre: 93.4±12.8ml/kg, post: 102.3±12.2ml/kg, p<0.05), and MAOD (pre: 59.6±14.4ml/kg, post: 68.2±11.0ml/kg, p<0.01) were significantly increased after training in the TG. A significant correlation was demonstrated between percentage change in ExcessCO_2 and that in MAOD (r=0.755, p<0.05). Before and after training, mean power was significantly correlated with ExcessCO_2 and MAOD, respectively. These results suggest that the increase in ExcessCO_2 caused by sprint training may enhance the energy supplied from anaerobic metabolism, and improve short-duration intensive exercise performance.
著者
森丘 保典 杉田 正明 松尾 彰文 岡田 英孝 阿江 通良 小林 寛道
出版者
社団法人日本体育学会
雑誌
体育學研究 (ISSN:04846710)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.45, no.3, pp.414-421, 2000-05-10
被引用文献数
1

This study was conducted to clarify the relationship between features of change in velocity and performance of world class athletes in the men's 400-m hurdle race(400mH).Nine final races of 400mH were videotaped with several video cameras panning from the start to the finish at 60 fields/s.After the time indication had been superimposed on each field of the VTR images, the time at touchdown immediately after hurdling was obtained.Using the flash of the starter's gun recorded on the VTR image, each hurdle touchdown time from the start, and each section thme(from each hurdle to the next)was obtained.The results of regression analysis showed a significantly high correlation (r=0.90, p<0.001)between 400mH performance and mean section velocity from the 5th to the 8th hurdle(H5-8), and a significant correlation(r=-0.61, p<0.05)between 400mH performance and te rate of deceleration in H5-8.These results indicate that in 400mH it is important to avoid decreasing velocity and to maintain a high velocity in H5-8 of the race in order to attain a high performance.