著者

Katsumi YAMAGUCHI Hiroshi NAKANO Masahiro MURAKAMI Shoji KONOSU Osamu NAKAYAMA Midori KANDA Akihiro NAKAMURA Hiroaki IWAMOTO

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.493-498, 1987 (Released:2006-04-05)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

28

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Botryococcus braunii strain Austin and strain Berkeley cultured under the same conditions contained 27.4g and 34.0g of lipids per 100g of dry alga, respectively. The lipids in the former strain were 25.5% hydrocarbons, 58.8% other nonpolar lipids, and 15.7% polar lipids, and those in the latter strain were 71.6%, 9.2%, and 19.2%, respectively. Distinct differences were also observed in the components of the nonpolar and polar lipids, especially in the latter, between the strains. The fatty acid composition of the nonpolar lipid fraction in Austin strain was unique, oleic acid being 81% of the total acids.

著者

Hidehiko YOKOGOSHI Mikiko MOCHIZUKI Kotomi SAITOH

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.816-817, 1998 (Released:2005-03-30)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

55

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Following the administration of theanine, the brain tryptophan content significantly increased or tended to increase, but the contents of serotonin and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5HIAA) decreased. The use of inhibitors of serotonin metabolism enable us to speculate that theanine reduced serotonin synthesis and also increased serotonin degradation in the brain.

著者

Norihisa KATO Seiji SATO Atsushi YAMANAKA Hideyuki YAMADA Naozumi FUWA Masakazu NOMURA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.145-147, 1998 (Released:2005-03-30)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

302

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This study provided the first evidence for an antioxidant action of the silk protein sericin by showing that sericin suppressed in vitro lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, sericin was found to inhibit tyrosinase activity. These results suggest that sericin may be a valuable natural ingredient for food and cosmetic industries.

著者

Kazuhide KIMBARA Toshiyuki HASHIMOTO Masao FUKUDA Takao KOANA Masamichi TAKAGI Michio OISHI Keiji YANO

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.11, pp.2885-2891, 1988 (Released:2006-04-05)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

19

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A mixed culture composed of two Pseudomonas strains, designated as KKL101 and KKS102, was isolated from soil. This mixed culture had an enhanced ability to degrade various polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) which include highly chlorinated components. They did not grow individually on the mineral salts medium supplemented with a highly chlorinated PCB (PCB48, a mixture of mainly tetrachlorobipheny1) and biphenyl. When the spent medium of KKL101 was added to the washed cell preparation of KKS102, however, the latter grew on these carbon sources, producing yellow compounds which were identified as metabolic intermediates of the carbon sources, biphenyl and PCBs. These results suggest that KKL101 produces a growth factor(s) essential for KKS102 to grow on PCBs and that the growth of KKL101 is supported by the metabolic intermediates produced by KKS102. It appears that these two bacterial strains have a symbiotic relationship. From the analysis of the degradation products of various PCB congeners, it was found that strain KKS102 degrades a wide range of PCBs which have been considered to be refractory to biological degradation.

著者

Noriya MASAMURA Wakana OHASHI Nobuaki TSUGE Shinsuke IMAI Anri ISHII-NAKAMURA Hiroshi HIROTA Toshiyuki NAGATA Hidehiko KUMAGAI

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.3, pp.447-453, 2012-03-23 (Released:2012-03-23)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

7

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Lachrymatory factor synthase (LFS), an enzyme essential for the synthesis of the onion lachrymatory factor (propanethial S-oxide), was identified in 2002. This was the first reported enzyme involved in the production of thioaldehyde S-oxides via an intra-molecular H+ substitution reaction, and we therefore attempted to identify the catalytic amino acid residues of LFS as the first step in elucidating the unique catalytic reaction mechanism of this enzyme. A comparison of the LFS cDNA sequences among lachrymatory Allium plants, a deletion analysis and site-directed mutagenesis enabled us to identify two amino acids (Arg71 and Glu88) that were indispensable to the LFS activity. Homology modeling was performed for LFS/23–169 on the basis of the template structure of a pyrabactin resistance 1-like protein (PYL) which had been selected from a BLASTP search on SWISS-MODEL against LFS/23–169. We identified in the modeled structure of LFS a pocket corresponding to the ligand-binding site in PYL, and Arg71 and Glu88 were located in this pocket.

著者

Manami MONOBE Kaori EMA Yoshiko TOKUDA Mari MAEDA-YAMAMOTO

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.12, pp.2501-2503, 2010-12-23 (Released:2010-12-23)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

19

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We found that the epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)/epigallocatechin (EGC) ratio in a green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) extract was affected by the extraction temperature. The EGCG/EGC ratio in the 4 °C extract was around 1:3-4, whereas in the 100 °C extract, it was around 1:0.7. Oral administration of the mixture with a high EGC ratio (1:2-3 = EGCG/EGC) resulted in greater IgA production by murine Peyer’s patch cells.

著者

Keiko MOMMA Wataru HASHIMOTO Hye-Jin YOON Sachiko OZAWA Yasuki FUKUDA Shigeyuki KAWAI Fumio TAKAIWA Shigeru UTSUMI Kousaku MURATA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.9, pp.1881-1886, 2000 (Released:2005-02-05)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

32

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Feeding studies on rice genetically modified with soybean glycinin were performed on rats for four weeks. The rats were divided into three groups, each being fed on (I) only a commercial diet, (II) this diet plus control rice and (III) this diet plus rice genetically modified with glycinin. The rats were fed with 10 g/kg-weight of rice every day by oral administration. During the test period, the rats in every group grew well without marked differences in appearance, food intake, body weight, or cumulative body weight gain. There were also no significant differences in the blood count, blood composition or internal organ weights among the rats. Necropsy at the end of the experiment indicated neither pathological symptoms nor histopathological abnormalities in the liver and kidney. Judging from these results, the rice genetically modified with glycinin is considered to have been essentially the same in nutritional and biochemical characteristics as the control rice.

著者

Yoshihiko AKAKABE Aya KUSUNOKI Yukinori IKEDA Mamoru TANAKA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.7, pp.1969-1972, 2008-07-23 (Released:2008-07-23)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

5

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A total of 20 volatile organic compounds from the peel of citrus fruit Ohshima no. 1 were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The amount of limonene in Ohshima no. 1 was lower than those in the parent cultivars, Miyauchi iyokan and Yoshiura ponkan, whereas those of γ-terpinene, linalool, sabinene, p-cymene, and terpinolene in Ohshima no. 1 were somewhat higher. However, comparing the results, it was found that volatile components from both parent cultivars were present in the peel of Ohshima no. 1. Principal component analysis (PCA) of data obtained with an electronic nose indicated that the odor of Ohshima no. 1 showed a clear upward displacement as compared with those of parent cultivars in PC1. The oils of Miyauchi iyokan and Yoshiura ponkan showed displacement in a negative direction, and a positive one in PC2. By PCA analysis, it was found that the odor quality of Ohshima no. 1 was very different from those of the parent cultivars.

著者

Kunimitsu KAYA Atsushi NAKAZAWA Hiroshi MATSUURA Daisuke HONDA Isao INOUYE Makoto M. WATANABE

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.11, pp.2246-2248, 2011-11-23 (Released:2011-11-23)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

113

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Here we report on the 18W-13a strain of Aurantiochytrium sp., which accumulates very high amounts of squalene. The squalene contents and production at 4 d of culture were 198 mg/g and 1.29±0.13 g/L, respectively, exceptionally high values compared to previous reports.

著者

Fumitaka HAYASE Takeshi SHIBUYA Junichi SATO Masatomo YAMAMOTO

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.11, pp.1820-1825, 1996-11-23 (Released:2008-02-08)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

50

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The generation of fluorescence and 3-deoxyglucosone (3DG), browning, polymerization, and impairment of the amino acid residues of lysozyme incubated with glucose were investigated at 37°C and 50°C at pH 7.4 in a phosphate or TAPSO buffer under aerobic and non-aerobic conditions with or without DETAPAC as a chelating reagent. Browning, the generation of fluorescence, and polymerization were accelerated under the non-aerobic, compared to aerobic, conditions. Moreover, the formation of 3DG was also significantly increased under non-aerobic conditions. The incubation of both reaction systems resulted in noticeable losses of arginine and lysine residues. DETAPAC significantly inhibited the advanced Maillard reaction under both aerobic and non-aerobic conditions. However, DETAPAC had no effect on the impairment of lysine and arginine residues. The generation of fluorescence, browning and polymerization of lysozyme in the TAPSO buffer were markedly inhibited under both aerobic and non-aerobic conditions. These observations suggest that transition metals in the phosphate buffer may have accelerated the formation of Amadori compounds via Schiff's base. In addition, under non-aerobic conditions, the formation of advanced glycation end products from 3DG via Amadori compounds is presumed to be the major pathway, because the formation of Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine, glyoxal, and glucosone was accelerated by an oxidative reaction catalyzed with transition metal ions. These presumptions are supported by the results from a lysozyme-3DG reaction system.

著者

Minoru ISOBE Duangchan UYAKUL Jon B. SIGURDSSON Toshio GOTO Toong J. LAM

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.8, pp.1947-1951, 1991 (Released:2006-04-05)

参考文献数

13

---

The land snail, Dyakia striata, bioluminesces to exhibit green light. Its luminescence spectrum was recently reported by using juvenile snails to show the maximum at ca. 515 nm. In the current studies, a green fluorescent substance was extracted from the separated anterior head-foot of the adult snails, which contained the photogenic organs. The fluorescent substance, which showed the maximum ca. 515nm in its spectrum, was purified by chromatography. The partially purified green fluorescent substance was soluble only in organic solvents and not in water. The chromophore of the green fluorescent substance was compared with isoalloxazine and riboflavin acetate in different organic solvents under reductive and re-oxidative conditions.

著者

Yan YANG LiBin YE JingSong ZHANG YanFang LIU QingJiu TANG

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.1, pp.134-139, 2009-01-23 (Released:2009-01-23)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

34

---

PISP1, a heteropolysaccharide isolated from fruiting bodies of Phellinus igniarius by hot aqueous extraction and purified by DEAE-Sepharose anion-exchange and gel filtration chromatography, is composed of fucose, galactose, mannose, and 3-O-Me-galactose in a ratio of 1:2:1:2. Methylation, monosaccharide analysis, and NMR studies (1H NMR, 13C NMR, COSY-45°, TOCSY, ROESY, HSQC, and HMBC) revealed that PISP1 had a backbone consisting of 1,6-disubstituted-3-O-Me-α-D-galactopyranosyl residue, 1,3,6-trisubstituted-α-D-manopyranosyl residue, 1,4-disubstituted-α-D-galactopyranosyl residue, and 1,2-disubstituted-α-D-galactopyranosyl residue, and had a 1-substituted-α-L-fucopyranosyl terminal attached to O-3 of a manopyranosyl residue. Preliminary bioactivity tests conducted in vitro revealed that PISP1 stimulated the proliferation of mouse spleen lymphocytes.

著者

元村 佳恵 渡辺 敏幸 麻生 清

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.10, pp.805-809, 1962

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(1) クロマツ,ヤマユリ,オニユリの3種の花粉を一般分析した結果,ヤマユリ,オニユリなどの虫媒花花粉はクロマツ,ガマの穂などの風媒花花粉に比べて,粗脂肪,総転化糖,直接還元糖が多くなっている.<br> (2) クロマツ,オニユリ,ヤマユリ,カボチャ,オオマツヨイグサの5種の花粉の水溶性糖及び85%エタノール可溶性糖のPPCを行なった結果,クロマツではサッカロースが主な糖であり,その他の花粉ではフルクトース,グルコース及びサッカロースの3種が主な糖であることを認めた.<br> (3) 上記5種の花粉の85%エタノール可溶性糖について, PPC法による3糖の分離定量を行なった結果,クロマツ花粉ではサッカロースが著しく多かった.またフルクトースとグルコースの割合はオニユリを除いてややフルクトースの方が多くなっているが,ヤマユリ,オニユリではほぼ同量含まれている.カボチャとガマの穂の花粉はサッカロースが比較的少なく,またカボチャはグルコースに比ベフルクトースが非常に多くなっいる.<br> (4) クロマツ花粉の糖類をCarbon CCで分別し,それらの糖組成をPPCでしらべた結果,フルクトース,グルコース,サッカロース,ツラノース,マルトース,イソマルトース,ラフィノースの他に5種の糖類を認めた.

著者

馬場 明 小島 秀治郎

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.291-298, 1958

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各種の処理を施したアミロースのβ-アミラーゼによる分解率を測定するとともに,杏エムルシンの精製とβ-グルコシダーゼ,β-キシロシダーゼ,Z-酵素相互の関係を検討し次の知見を得た.<br> (1) アミロースを第1表の如く処理してもβ-アミラーゼによる分解率に大きな変化を来さない.<br> (2) アミロースを乾燥状態で長期間放置するとヨードによる呈色度を著しく減少する.然しながらβ-アミラーゼによる分解率は変らない.<br> (3) アミロースを0.4N-NaOHで98°, 1時間加熱するとき,残るアミロースはβ-アミラーゼによって殆んど100%分解される.<br> (4) Z-酵素がβ-グルコシダーゼでないことを確認するとともにβ-キシロシダーゼでもないことを認めた.<br> (5) 杏エムルシン中のα-アミラーゼのアミロース分解曲線が麦芽及び細菌のα-アミラーゼのそれと異ることを認めた.<br> (6) アミロースがβ-アミラーゼで100%分解されない原因がアミロースの高分子的な性質によることの可能性ならびにZ-酵素が微量のα-アミラーゼである可能性について考察した.

著者

Ken KATO Yukihiro TAKADA Hiroaki MATSUYAMA Yoshihiro KAWASAKI Seiichiro AOE Hideo YANO Yasuhiro TOBA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.11, pp.2342-2346, 2002 (Released:2003-06-19)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

13

---

We investigated the calcium bioavailability of milk calcium, taken with or without cheese. Twenty-four 6-week-old male rats for a meal-feeding experiment were trained to consume an AIN-76 diet within 2 h (2 times per day) for 2 weeks. The rats were then divided into three experimental groups, each fed 2 types of experimental diets: Control group, Cheese group, and Ca-Cheese group. The rats were each alternately given 2 types of experimental diets at 2-h meal-feeding for 31 days. The breaking force and energy of the femur in the Ca-Cheese group were significantly higher than in the control group. The bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and the femur in the Ca-Cheese group was also significantly higher than in the other two groups. These results indicate that milk calcium taken with cheese increases bone strength and BMD efficiently, results that may be useful for the prevention of osteoporosis.

著者

Michiko WATANABE Norikazu FUJII Soichi ARAI

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.6, pp.1587-1592, 1982 (Released:2006-03-27)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

9

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A papain-catalyzed reaction involving covalent incorporation of L-leucine n-alkyl ester is available for producing an enzymatically modified protein (EMP) with surfactancy [Agric. Biol. Chem., 45, 1621 (1981)]. In the present work we used gelatin as a starting material and incorporated L-leucine n-hexyl ester to produce a whippable EMP and L-leucine n-dodecyl ester to produce an emulsifiable EMP. A foam system formed with the whippable EMP was much stabler than that formed with sodium dodecylsulfate. The emulsifiable EMP also gave a much stabler oil-in-water emulsion than Tween-80 did. The stability of the emulsion formed with EMP was not affected by the presence of NaCl at a very high concentration. The observed foam and emulsion stabilities were well explained by the data for decreased mobility of the involved water protons. These results may indicate that EMP molecules, when arranged at the air/water or oil/water interface, can bind a part of the water to form thick barriers which prevent the air or oil particles from coalescing.

著者

Misao TASHIRO Zensuke MAKI

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.6, pp.1119-1124, 1978 (Released:2008-11-27)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

13

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A trypsin inhibitor was extracted from rice bran with 1% sodium chloride and partially purified by 40_??_80% ammonium sulfate fractionation. The crude inhibitor obtained showed the inhibitory activity on trypsin [EC 3. 4. 21. 4] but not on a-chymotrypsin [EC 3. 4. 21. 1] or pepsin [EC 3. 4. 23. 1]. This inhibitor was stable at acidic and neutral pHs but was gradually inactivated by the long-time incubation with pepsin. The molecular weight of the inhibitor was estimated to be 13, 500 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. Furthermore, gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 suggested the possible self-association of the inhibitor. Isoelectric focusing demonstrated that the inhibitor is a basic protein having a pI value of 8.2. The inhibitor was adsorbed on to CM-Sephadex C-25 at pH 5.7, indicating that it can be further purified by this chromatography.

著者

上田 実 源冶 尚久

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.90-97, 2013-02-01

参考文献数

65

被引用文献数

1 1

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これまで生理活性天然物リガンドを「鍵」に例えると,その特異的結合タンパク質は「錠」の関係にあり,一つの天然物は1本の鍵であるとイメージされてきた.しかし近年のケミカルバイオロジー分野の研究の進展により,天然物リガンドは1本の鍵というよりも「鍵束(もしくはマスターキー)」であり,複数の「錠」に作用するということがわかってきた (multiligandability).このような背景のなかで,最近の天然物リガンドの標的タンパク質同定はどのようなアプローチを試みているか,また同定後の展開についても解説したい.

著者

Teiichiro ITO Akira TAKATSUKI Kenji KAWAMURA Katsuki SATO Gakuzo TAMURA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.3, pp.695-698, 1980 (Released:2008-11-27)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

44

著者

石倉 成行 山本 栄祐

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.8, pp.637-643, 1980

被引用文献数

10

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西洋アサガオ"ヘブンリーブルー"の花弁青色部の搾汁は平均してpH 6.88という高い値を示した.これは同花弁の白色部のpH 5.88に較べてもかなり高い値であった.青色花弁に含まれるルチン,カフェー酸, Mg, K, Caを定量分析し,これらの花弁成分と同花弁より単離した主要色素ジカフェイルペオニジン3-ソホロシド-5-グルコシド(APと略記)とを種々の量比で混合して, Mcllvaine氏緩衝溶液に溶かし,吸収スペクトルを測定した.しかしそれらの成分で色素APに有効な深色的変化をもたらすものが見出されなかった.また, pH変化などによる吸収スペクトル分析の結果からも,花弁組織の高いpHが花弁色素の青色発現のおもな要因として考えられる.さらに,かような高いpHのもとでも色素APの色はかなり安定であることがわかった.また,その安定性は色素分子中のカフェー酸残基の存在によるものとみられ,色素APに較べ,その脱アシル化色素(P)はきわめて容易に無色の疑塩基,さらには酸によって色の回復ができない化合物へと変化することがわかった.