著者

Ji Yeon KIM Mochammad Amin ALAMSJAH Aoi HAMADA Yuji FUJITA Fumito ISHIBASHI

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.10, pp.2571-2574, 2006-10-23 (Released:2006-10-23)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

34

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Bioassay-guided fractionation of an ethanol extract of the brown alga, Dictyota dichotoma, led to the isolation of a novel chlorine-containing perhydroazulene diterpene together with two known diterpenes, dictyolactone and sanadaol. The structure of the novel compound, named dictyol J, was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic information. Dictyolactone showed the highest algicidal activity against red-tide phytoplanktons among the three isolated compounds.

著者

Hiroyuki HORITSU Min Yuh WANG Keiichi KAWAI

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.269-271, 1991 (Released:2006-04-05)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

3 11

著者

北本 豊 葛西 善三郎

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.5, pp.260-266, 1968

被引用文献数

14 2 3

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アミスギタケの子実体形成に対する化学的環境条件一栄養について検討した.この菌は種々の基質に対し広範な適応性を示し,炭水化物および有機,無機態の窒素源を利用して子実体を形成した.チアミンは生長,子実体形成1こ必要であり,Ca²⁺,Mn²⁺,Cu²⁺がこの過程を促進した.<br> 子実体形成はC/N比に顕著に影響された.CIN比は30:1程度が適当であり,低C/N比では原基形成およびその後の発育が阻害された.窒素源濃度が一定のとき,炭素源濃度を高くすると収量が減少した.<br> 子実体形成は栄養条件のみでは誘導されず,光その他が関与するものと考えられる.

著者

中林 敏郎

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.11, pp.813-818, 1953

被引用文献数

1 1

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By the method of two-dimensional paper chromatography of the polyphenolic substances in apple fruit, three spots were detected, i.e., L-epi-catechin which was epimerized to L-cate-chin by heating, D-catechin which gave a small spot and was epimerized to D-epi-catechin, and chlorogenic acid which was hydrolized to caffeic acid (Fig. 1).<br> In these, L-epi-catechin and chlorogenic acid were isolated in crystalline form from fresh apple fruit (Kokko). These were expectedly oxidized by polyphenol oxidase of apple fruit (Fig. 2).<br> Catechins were estimated by nephelometry (Fig. 4), and chlorogenic acid was estimated by cdlorimetry (Fig. 4), and the relation was studied between the contents of these polyphenols and the quality of apple fruit, but no evidence was obtained (Table 2).

著者

天知 誠吾

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.5, pp.286-293, 2013-05-01

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ヨウ素は人類の必須元素である一方,放射性ヨウ素のリスクに対する関心も高まっている.ヨウ素はさまざまな生物地球化学的プロセスを経て,地球環境中をダイナミックに循環している.近年,ヨウ素循環への環境微生物の関与が明らかになりつつある.ここでは,無機ヨウ素の酸化・還元を行う細菌について概説する.前者はヨウ素を化学兵器として,後者はヨウ素を呼吸の最終電子受容体として利用している.このような特異な細菌が,放射性ヨウ素を含むヨウ素の環境挙動や動態に寄与している可能性がある.

著者

指原 紀宏 園元 謙二 石崎 文彬

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.7, pp.439-446, 2000-07-25

被引用文献数

5

著者

辻 久生 谷 由美 上田 博夫

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.10, pp.609-615, 1977

被引用文献数

3

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セイタカアワダチソウ(<i>Soliclago altissama L.</i>)の乾燥根茎のメタノール抽出物を,その抗菌活性を検索しながら分割した.抽出物を水蒸気蒸留し,蒸留液より淡黄色針状結晶で分離された<i>cis</i>-dehydromatricaria ester(1)は,抗菌性を示さないが,結晶母液には活性が認められた.根茎に含まれる1の含量は,植物の生育中に変化し,開花前に最大となる.水蒸気蒸留残渣をエーテルで抽出し,得られた抽出物の酸性部より分離されたkolavenic acid (2)は,グラム陽性菌に対し強い抗菌活性を示し,その最小発育阻上濃度は,6~10 ppmであった.2より誘導された数種の化合物について,その抗菌性を検討した結果,2が抗菌性を示す化学構造上の要因として,2のkolevane骨格に存在する環構造部分と,側鎖に存在する遊離の形のカルボキシル基とが認められ,このカルボキシル基に共役する二重結合によって,活性が強められると考えられる.

著者

江口 ひらり 土橋 葵 下田 真紀

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.3, pp.216-218, 2011-03-01

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本研究は,平成22 (2010)年度日本農芸化学会大会(開催地 東京)時に開催された第5回「ジュニア農芸化学会」において"優秀賞"に選ばれた.環境廃棄物(プリントなどの廃棄ペーパー)の再資源化を,キノコの栽培という簡便な手段で達成しようとする先進的,かつ実用的な研究である.本技術は,様々なタイプの廃棄ペーパーに適用可能であり,また環境負荷が少なく,資源・エネルギーの循環を促進する経済的なメリットもある.21世紀にふさわしいグリーンテクノロジーとして,その実用化が期待される.

著者

OHMOMO Sadahiro AOSHIMA Ikuko TOZAWA Yukiko UEDA Kiyomoto

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.9, pp.2767-2768, 1985

被引用文献数

2 1

著者

OHMOMO Sadahiro ITOH Noboru WATANABE Yasuo KANEKO Yasuyuki TOZAWA Yukiko UEDA Kiyomoto

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.9, pp.2551-2555, 1985

被引用文献数

3 16

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Continuous decolorization of molasses waste water by mycelia of <i>Coriolus versicolor</i> Ps4a was studied using waste water from a baker's yeast factory, treated by means of methane fermentation and with activated sludge. Optimum decolorization with bare pellet-type mycelia in shaking flasks needed the addition of glucose (0.5%) and peptone (0.05%) and aerobic conditions (1ppm of dissolved oxygen). Continuous decolorization in a bubbling column reactor showed a decolorization yield of approximately 75% in only 20 hr at a dilution rate (<i>D</i>) of 0.03hr^-1 under the optimum conditions.<br> In order to continue the decolorization for a longer time, mycelia immobilized within Ca-alginate gel were tested in a bubbling column reactor under the optimum conditions. The immobilized mycelia showed an almost constant decolorization yield (65.7%) during continuous decolorization for 16 days at <i>D</i>=0.22hr^-1.

著者

AOSHIMA Ikuko TOZAWA Yukiko OHMOMO Sadahiro UEDA Kiyomoto

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.7, pp.2041-2045, 1985

被引用文献数

9 29

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The distribution of molasses pigment (melanoidin) decolorizing activity (MDA) was investigated in various Basidiomycetes. MDA was only found in some genera of the white-rot-fungi group of which <i>Coriolus versicolor</i> Ps4a showed high activity, a decolorization yield of approximately 80% under the optimal conditions. Production of MDA by <i>C. versicolor</i> was almost completely coincident with the growth of mycelia. The main MDA was due to intracellular enzymes and induced by the molasses pigment. The induced enzyme consisted of two types, namely a sugar dependent enzyme and a sugar independent enzyme. The decolorization by <i>C. versicolor</i> was due to the decomposition of the molasses pigment.

著者

OHMOMO Sadahiro AOSHIMA Ikuko TOZAWA Yukiko SAKURADA Noriko UEDA Kiyomoto

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.7, pp.2047-2053, 1985

被引用文献数

11 19

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Melanoidin decolorizing enzymes (MDE) were extracted from mycelia of <i>Coriolus versicolor</i> Ps4a and purified by DEAE-Sephadex, DEAE-Sephacel and Sephadex G-200 column chromatographies. MDE of this strain consisted of a main fraction, P-fraction, and a minor fraction, E-fraction, and the P-fraction was composed of at least five enzymes. P-III and P-IV in the P-fraction were picked as typical enzymes of this strain, and their enzymatic properties were investigated. P-III had a molecular weight of 48, 400-50, 000, an optimum pH of 5.5 and an optimum temperature of 30-35°C. P-III required glucose and O₂ for the appearance of the activity, and was inhibited by <i>p</i>-CMB, <i>N</i>-BSI, Ag⁺ and <i>o</i>-phenanthroline.<br> On the other hand, P-IV had a molecular weight of 43, 800-45, 000, an optimum pH of 4.0-4.5 and an optimum temperature of 30-35°C. P-IV could decolorize melanoidin in the absence of glucose and O₂, and was inhibited weakly by Ag⁺, <i>p</i>-CME and <i>N</i>-BSI. P-IV is the enzyme that attacks the melanoidin directly in comparison with P-III which attacks melanoidin indirectly as in the sub-reaction of sugar oxidase.<br> Incidentally, a multiplicative effect between P-III and P-IV for decolorization was observed.

著者

寛山 隆 中村 幸夫

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.10, pp.674-675, 2008-10-01

著者

Makita Tomohiro Katsuyama Yoko Tani Shuji SUZUKI Hayato KATO Naoki TODD Richard B. HYNES Michael J. TSUKAGOSHI Norihiro KATO Masashi KOBAYASHI Tetsuo

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.391-399, 2009-02-23

被引用文献数

3 35

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AmyR is a Zn(II)<SUB>2</SUB>Cys<SUB>6</SUB> transcriptional activator that regulates expression of the amylolytic genes in <I>Aspergillus</I> species. Subcellular localization studies of GFP-fused AmyR in <I>A. nidulans</I> revealed that the fusion protein preferentially localized to the nucleus in response to isomaltose, the physiological inducer of the amylolytic genes. The C-terminal domains of AmyR, designated MH3 (residues 419–496) and MH4 (residues 516–542), were essential for sensing the inducing stimulus and regulating the subcellular localization. The MH2 domain (residues 234–375) located in the middle of AmyR was required for transcriptional activation of the target genes, and the nuclear localization signals were identified within the N-terminal Zn(II)<SUB>2</SUB>Cys<SUB>6</SUB> DNA binding motif.

著者

大森 正司 矢野 とし子 岡本 順子 津志田 藤二郎 村井 敏信 樋口 満

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.11, pp.1449-1451, 1987

被引用文献数

41 87

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of green tea made from leaves incubated in an anaerobic condition (Gabaron tea) on the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). No difference was found in the mean body weight of the control groups (first group, fed on water; second group, fed on ordinary green tea) and the experimental group (third group, fed on Gabaron tea) throughout the test period. The mean blood pressure of the three groups was identical at 160 mmHg in the pre-test period. The mean blood pressure of the experimental group was 158 mmHg, whereas the control groups shared 163_??_167 mmHg one week after the experiment started. The blood pressure of the experimental group was significantly lower than pressures of the <br>control groups (<i>P</i><0.01).<br> In all groups, the mean blood pressure increased gradually from 10 to 20 weeks of age. The mean blood pressure of the experimental group was about 150 mmHg, and those of the control groups reached 175_??_180 mmHg. The mean blood pressure of the experimental animals was 14_??_17% lower than the pressures of the control animals at 20 weeks of age (<i>P</i><0.01). The hypotensive effect on SHR fed the Gabaron tea infusion disappeared when the animals were returned to ordinary green tea intake at 20 weeks of age.

著者

斎藤 顕宜 森田 佳代 上野 慶一 八巻 芳夫 滝沢 登志雄 徳永 隆久 亀井 淳三

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

日本農藝化學會誌 = Journal of the Agricultural Chemical Society of Japan (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.12, pp.1242-1245, 2003-12-01

参考文献数

17

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Rosemary, plantago, and tea tree oil have been customarily used for the treatment of the common cold, but the detailed mechanisms of these antitussive effects are not well known. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the antitussive properties of these herbs using a capsaicin-induced cough model in guinea pigs. Rosemary (10, 30μL/kg, <i>p.o.</i>), plantago (10, 30mg/kg, <i>p.o.</i>), and tea tree oil (10, 30μL/kg, <i>p.o.</i>) produced dose-dependent and significant antitussive effects. Methysergide (a serotonin receptor antagonist), but not naloxone (a opioid receptor antagonist), antagonize the antitussive effects of plantago and tea tree oil. On the other hand, neither methysergid nor naloxone had a significant effect on the antitussive effect of rosemary. Furthermore, γ-terpinene, terpinene-4-ol, cineole, and α-pinene, main components of tea tree oil and rosemary, significantly inhibited the number of capsaicin-induced coughs in guinea pigs. These results suggest that the antitussive effects of plantago and tea tree oil may depend on central mechanisms (modulation of serotonergic systems). On the other hand, the antitussive effects of rosemary may depend on peripheral mechanisms. Furthermore, it is suggested that γ-terpinene, terpinene-4-ol, cineole, and α-pinene may play an important role in the antitussive effects of tea tree oil and rosemary.

著者

Ryoko OHNISHI Hideyuki ITO Naoki KASAJIMA Miyuki KANEDA Reiko KARIYAMA Hiromi KUMON Tsutomu HATANO Takashi YOSHIDA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.7, pp.1681-1687, 2006-07-23 (Released:2006-07-23)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

76

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Cranberry, which is rich in polyphenols, including anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins, has been found to have various effects beneficial to human health, including prevention of urinary tract infections. These effects have been associated with polyphenols in the fruit. We investigated the excretion of anthocyanins in human urine after ingestion of cranberry juice. Eleven healthy volunteers consumed 200 ml of cranberry juice containing 650.8 μg total anthocyanins. Urine samples were collected within 24 h before and after consumption. Six of 12 anthocyanins identified in cranberry were quantified in human urine by HPLC coupled with electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–ESI–MS–MS). Among these, peonidin 3-O-galactoside, the second most plentiful anthocyanin in the juice, was found most abundantly in urine within 24 h, corresponding to 41.5 nmol (56.1% of total anthocyanins). The urinary levels of anthocyanins reached a maximum between 3 and 6 h after ingestion, and the recovery of total anthocyanins in the urine over 24 h was estimated to be 5.0% of the amount consumed. This study found high absorption and excretion of cranberry anthocyanins in human urine.

著者

小野 知洋

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.11, pp.733-738, 2004-11-25

被引用文献数

1

著者

加治屋 勝子

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.4, pp.269-276, 2012-04-01

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血管がギューッと縮んで血流を滞らせる「血管の異常収縮」.脳血管で起これば脳梗塞,心臓の血管で起これば心筋梗塞や狭心症などの引き金となる.命に関わる病気だけではなく,頭痛や動悸,不整脈などの日常で見逃しがちな症状となって現われる場合もある.長年の謎である異常収縮の原因を突き止め,治療法を確立すれば,多くの血管病に苦しむ人を救うことができる.現在,様々な食品から血管病の特効薬成分が探索され,すでにいくつかの候補成分が見いだされつつある.ここでは,受賞テーマである治療薬開発の研究成果を中心として,発症メカニズムの最新動向と食品成分による血管病予防の可能性について解説する.

著者

吉田 充

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.3, pp.158-160, 2011-03-01