著者

田中 義行

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2018-04-01

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辛味はトウガラシ果実の重要形質である。辛味の強弱に関する嗜好性は、国・地域・用途で異なっており、辛味成分カプサイシノイド含量を制御できる育種技術が求められている。これまでに、生合成経路の一遺伝子であるputative aminotransferase(pAMT)遺伝子の機能欠損がカプサイシノイド含量を激減させることを示した。さらに近年、1.カリブ 原産の栽培種Capsicum chinenseには、トランスポゾンの挿入と転移を介した様々なpAMT変異が存在すること、 2.トランスポゾンの挿入位置が辛味の強弱と相関していることを明らかにしつつある。これら種々のpAMT変異を導入し、その遺伝子マーカーを利用することで辛味程度を簡便に調整できる育種技術を確立できる可能性がある。本研究課題では、pAMT遺伝子の構造変異がトウガラシの辛味低下を引き起こすメカニズムを解明し、それに基づいてカプサイシノイド含量の新規調整法を確立する。本年度は、辛味系統のレッドハバネロを元にした戻し交雑集団を用いて3種の変異型pAMTとカプサイシノイド含量に及ぼす影響を調査した。結果、戻し交雑集団においても異なるpAMT遺伝子型はカプサイシノイド含量を異なる程度に低下させることを明らかにした。さらに戻し交雑を続けることで、辛味程度だけ異なるトウガラシ系統を育成できると思われる。また研究の過程で、新規のpAMT変異アレルも発見し、塩基配列を調査し、その構造変異を明らかにした。新規アレルにおいてもトランスポゾン挿入が認められ、Capsicum chinenseのpAMTアレルの多様性にトランスポゾンが関与することが示唆された。

著者

金子 奈都美 窪寺 恒己

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.38-43, 2007-02-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

14

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Specimens of two small octopus species collected from intertidal waters of the Ryukyus were identified as species of Abdopus, based on the following combination of characters: small to medium body (<70mm ML) with long arms (>4×ML), arm autotomy, number of gill lamellae (6-7 per demibranch), enlarged suckers on second and third arms of male, hectocotilized arm with small ligula (<2.3% of hectocotylized arm), and highly sculptured skin. Two specimens collected at Oku and Sesoko, northern parts of Okinawa Island were identified as A. abaculus due to the presence of large circular white spots on dorsal mantle and dorsal arm surfaces. Four specimens collected from Awase at Okinawa Island, Kabira at Ishigaki Island, and Nakano at Iriomote Island were identified as A. aculeatus by their brownish yellow body color, comparatively large body (37.7-51.0mm), long arms (6-9×ML), and highly sculptured skin with primary papillae on dorsal mantle and above eyes. Abdopus aculeatus had been confused with Octopus oliveri in the Japanese literature. These two species were distinguished by arm length (<5×ML in O. oliveri), number of gill lamellae (7-8 in O. oliveri), body color (dark purple in O. oliveri), presence of papillae above the eyes (absent in O. oliveri), and shape of penis (V-shape in O. oliveri versus linear in A. aculeatus). These specimens are the first records of Abdopus from Japanese waters as well as the northern-most records for both species.

著者

三井 泉

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.110-124, 2021 (Released:2022-04-16)

著者

守永 直幹

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.125-141, 2021 (Released:2022-04-16)

著者

田村 高幸

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.142-149, 2021 (Released:2022-04-16)

著者

村田 康常

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.150-168, 2021 (Released:2022-04-16)

著者

入江 俊夫

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.6-24, 2021 (Released:2022-04-16)

著者

浦井 憲

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.71-85, 2021 (Released:2022-04-16)

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「社会科学」の「方法」ということを通じて、より広い意味での「学問の方法」ということ(あるいは「哲学」ということ)を再度「問い 」直す、そのような「運動」としての Realism for Social SciencesRFSS につい て、ここで改めて提起する。それは、学問の方法として、(真の)リアリティを紐帯とし、認識論と存在論の対峙を超えてそれらを補完的な「社会(認識の)」存在論として再構築するような立場、「認識」に先立つ「経験」ということに幾許かの特権を認めようとする立場等を包摂した、「知」的実存、「 学問スル」ことで「わたし」という主体が「生きる仕方のプロトコル(塩谷賢氏)」である。)

著者

山田 瑞紀

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.25-33, 2021 (Released:2022-04-16)

著者

村田 康常

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.80-97, 2020 (Released:2021-11-20)

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This paper aims to construe that which Whitehead’s cosmology describes as a playful universe, while he scarcely uses the word “play” (rare exceptions appear in the first chapter of Process and Reality (Whitehead, 1929a/1978, p. 5)). I discuss the idea of “play” in his cosmology as a function of the “imagination” of speculative reason that emerges from immediate experience. By virtue of imagination, which leaps beyond the determinations of our immediate experience to envisage unlimited possibilities, the world we experience instantly turns into a creative and meaningful world, where novel and unexperienced values are constantly realized and are perpetually perishing. The function of reason is to activate this creative leap of imagination in a coherent fash ion. Whitehead notes that the transboundary leap of imagination is an essential aspect of speculative philosophy. He also emphasizes that the “play” of free imagination is a method in speculative philosophy (Whitehead, 1929a/1978, p. 5). Imagination lies at t he heart of this “play.” The transboundary leap of imagination activates “play” and prompts it to transcend logical consistency to unrestricted freedom. He explores the concrete aspects of reality by means of the method of the playful imagination, which introduces us to a playful freedom from causal determinations and logical necessity. We can say that this actual world, including 81 ourselves, becomes meaningful by virtue of imagination, which ourselves, becomes meaningful by virtue of imagination, which retains the vividness of immediate experience, while retains the vividness of immediate experience, while transcenditranscending the eterminations of the stubborn facts of ng the determinations of the stubborn facts of concrete experience. Through such an imaginative leap, our concrete experience. Through such an imaginative leap, our actual world is revealed as being meaningful.actual world is revealed as being meaningful.

著者

田村 高幸

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, pp.1-5, 2021 (Released:2022-04-16)

著者

岸本 智典

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.144-158, 2019 (Released:2020-12-28)

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After the turn of the century from the late 19th century to the twentieth century, so-called progressive education had already become mainstream in the US educational circles in the 1930s. At that time, progressive education was criticized from various standpoints such as Essentialism represented by William C. Bagley and Perennialism represented by Robert M. Hutchins and Mortimer J. Adler. Among the criticisms, there was one from a position that agreed with the theory of philosophical new realism. In this paper, I will take Frederick S. Breed as a representative of such a position. He interpreted the new realist arguments including that of Ralph B. Perry, and reconstructed them in a way that conformed to his view of education. By focusing on his argument, particularly on how to defend the subject-matter curriculum against the project-type curriculum that is characteristic of progressive education, this paper will consider and estimate the extent that new realism functioned in the educational thought.

著者

齋藤 暢人

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.15-28, 2020 (Released:2021-11-20)

著者

濵﨑 要子

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.63-79, 2020 (Released:2021-11-20)

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In the early stages when Whitehead was creating his philosophy on organicism, it was noted that aesthetic intuition was influenced by the natural understanding of English poetic literature. Sensation and feeling s are structured b y enjoyment of natural beauty, as importantelements of actual entity. In the later stages of his thinking, the concept of natural beauty was held to two concepts, one being God and the other being the tru th. T hrough this process, the concept of artistic beauty was created. Art is perfected by truthful beauty, and this is the characteristic that evolved through the way Whitehead viewed art. When you consider the relationship of natural beauty and artistic b eauty, the thoughts of Immanuel Kant are often referred to W hitehead considers there are three social roles of art that play a role in society. These three roles are, firstly, that art and literature stimulate imagination and lead to reformation of social consciousness. T he second role is that art has a curative function for the mind. The final role is that art plays a role in the further development of civilization. Whitehead explains that there are five components that civilizes society, “Truth”, “Beauty” Beauty”, “Adventure”, “Art”, “Beauty”, and “Peace”. He thinks that the result of art developing, the sense of peace is achieved by Youth and tragic Beauty as the Final Fact. In current times, in the current social system, we face the problem of trying to develop our own scope of enjoyment .

著者

本郷 均

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.1-3, 2020 (Released:2021-11-20)

著者

有村 直輝

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.29-42, 2020 (Released:2021-11-20)

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This study highlights the development of A. N. Whitehead’s metaphysics in 1924 1925 and its relationship with aesthetic value . First, based on the passage Science and Modern World , I characterize Whitehead’s philosophical challenge as a double attempt. The first is to construct metaphysics that can describe “the texture of realisation.” The second is to interweave “aesthetic value” into such a texture. I then read lecture notes con tained in Volume 1 of The Edinburgh Critical Edition of the Complete Works of Alfred North Whitehead and demonstrate how Whitehead tackled the aforementioned problem by considering his interpretations of other philosophers (i.e., Bacon, Aristotle, and Alex ander). Finally, I emphasize several characters according to his perspectives of metaphysics and aesthetics. According to Whitehead, concrete entities have to select certain elements and exclude opposite elements for the compositions to realize themselves. In addition, his discussion within this period suggests that this limitation of entities is also the basis for their aesthetic value.

著者

尾崎 誠

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.43-62, 2020 (Released:2021-11-20)

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There are two different Japanese translations of the phrase “time as perpetual perishing”: incessant perishing and eternal perishing. The perished past is never ascribed to sheer nothingness but rather remains as causally efficacious upon the superseding actualities. Arising is incessantly mediated by perishing, and thus time is continuously created by actual entities in supersession through the mediation of discontinuity of perishing. This is because to perish is to arise due to the efficient causality of the perished past qua objective immortality to produce a new present actuality in unity with the final causation of the subjective aim successively. Therefore, Whitehead identifies “perpetual perishing” as supersession, in that perishing, presupposed by the antecedent arising, entails succeeding arising in transition with the asymmetrical irreversibility of time towards the future. Hence, Hammerschmidt remarks that occasions are perpetually perishing, perpetually arising. Perpetual perishing implies perpetual arising as well. This meaning of perpetual perishing is examined with reference to the usages of the words in question through the various literature concerned.

著者

守永 直幹

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.128-143, 2019 (Released:2020-12-28)

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In principle, a proposition is symbolized as words and images in the system of subject-predicate relation. Whitehead propositional theory asks what is the presentational immediacy and how the foundation of consciousness is established by this symbolism. The presentational immediacy is based on the causal efficacy, that is associated with it in a subjective form. There is a role of symbolic reference to be involved in the process and to create the productive image. According to the flow led by the causal efficacy, the presentational immediacy is formed as image. In the process of symbolism, the pure potentiality (the eternal objects contained therein) is transformed into the propositions. A public-private alternative takes place and an idea of responsibility arises. It is imagination that is operating strongly behind it. The pure potentiality by itself never falls into time, and as such is 'pure'. If it become realized, converted to impure, it turns into the real potentiality and finally into the actual entities. From the point of view of the present, the pure potentiality can not be positioned at all and stays the unpredictable. The pure potentials do not exist in the present time, and thus the eternal objects are waiting in the future. Future is an unknown potential, and that is the horizon which the concept of pure potentiality looks forward to.

著者

國領 佳樹

出版者

日本ホワイトヘッド・プロセス学会

雑誌

プロセス思想 (ISSN:21853207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.4-14, 2020 (Released:2021-11-20)

著者

土爾伯爾 (ドルバル) 著

出版者

博聞社

巻号頁・発行日

1887