著者
長場 紘
出版者
上智大学
雑誌
上智アジア学 (ISSN:02891417)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, pp.41-60, 1996-12-26

〈特集〉中東地域研究(Middle Eastern Studies)
著者
伊藤 英之 吉田 真理夫 長山 孝彦 脇山 勘治 原田 憲邦 南里 智之
出版者
公益社団法人 砂防学会
雑誌
砂防学会誌 (ISSN:02868385)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.1, pp.47-53, 2012-05-15 (Released:2015-08-03)
参考文献数
18
被引用文献数
3

Snowmelt-type mudflow is often observed when a pyroclastic flow, surge, blast or a hot-debris avalanche moves over a snow-covered slope. We constructed the experimental equipment to simulate snowmelt due to high-temperature rock fragments moving over a snow-covered channel. The experiments were carried out for nine different cases, changing the parameters of temperature, rock particle diameter, and snow density. On comparing the hydrographs of these nine cases, we found that the following conditions lead to rapid snowmelt and large peak flow : (1) the temperature of the pyroclastic material is sufficiently high ; (2) the snow density is remarkably high, as in the case of solid ice ; and (3) snow is saturated with liquid water, as in the case of slush. The results indicate that the volume of the snowmelt-type mudflow particularly depends on the snow density and the temperature of the pyroclastic materials.
著者
海軍電気工業会電気兵装部会 編
出版者
産業図書
巻号頁・発行日
vol.商船の部, 1944
著者
酒巻 秀明
出版者
東京女子大学現代教養学部国際社会学科社会学専攻紀要編集委員会
雑誌
東京女子大学社会学年報 = Tokyo Women's Christian University annals of sociology (ISSN:21876401)
巻号頁・発行日
no.2, pp.1-16, 2014

ウルリッヒ・ベックによれば,近年の政治の停滞は別に驚くべきことではなく,再帰的近代化の進行の結果ということになる.ベックの考える再帰的近代化とは,近代化の後の近代化のことで,近代化でもたらされた変化によって,再び社会の近代化が進むことを意味している.そのため,再帰的とも言われる.そこで本稿では,ベックが再帰的近代化後の政治をどのように捉えているのかが検討される.ベックによれば,一般的に近代社会と考えられている産業社会は,半分モダンな社会でしかなかった.しかし,国民の権利拡大の要求や,経済や科学の潜在力が無視できないほど拡大したことにより,今までの公式的な政治の外側で社会を変化させる動きが強まっている.ベックはこのような動きをサブ政治と呼び,このような事象を理解するためには,政治的なものの再発見が必要と考えている.消費の問題を例にすると,これまでの研究では,一般的に政治に訴えることでの解決が考えられていた.しかし,ベックは経済の中に民主主義的なシステムを持ち込むことで,サブ政治の次元で問題解決が図れるとしている.ベックによると,既存の政治システムですべてをコントロールするのは,もはや無理だと考えられる.そこで,ベックは,これから求められるのは,様々な集団や分野の議論による相互コントロールの仕組みだとしている.This paper will show why Ulrich Beck thinks that the political needs to be reinvented. According to Beck, recent political instability has been caused by reflexive modernization, which he thinks of as the modernization of modernization. It is reflexive becausechanges brought about by modernization lead to further modernization.In his opinion, democracy in modern industrial societies was half modern in two respects. First, other than by voting, citizens had no opportunity to participate in the political decision-making process. Second, there was no need to control the economy and scientific advance democratically, as these activities were still in the early stages and not a threat to society. Nowadays, however, we see people trying to change society directly by using their own powers, not via parliament. In addition, the economy and scientific advances bring new products that could change society entirely. We are facing a new situation, not presupposed by official political undertakings. Beck summarized these "political" activities outside the existing political institutions as subpolitics. What we need now, he thinks, is the reinvention of the political.As an example of his new political theory, his analysis of the consumer movement is compared with traditional theory. While the traditional theory holds that problems of consumption must be solved in the realms of politics, Beck thinks that they must be solved through the democratization of the economy. A democratic mechanism should be installed in the economic system, making the economy a sub-public arena.According to Beck, there is no one simple answer in the era of reflexive modernization and we should leave the ideal of the political center behind. Instead, he proposes a new form of politics, one that facilitates democracy in every social sphere and enables mutual control.
著者
須藤 靖
出版者
一般社団法人日本物理学会
雑誌
日本物理学会誌 (ISSN:00290181)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, no.2, pp.87-94, 2015-02

物理学会誌の記事のほとんどは難しい.私の知る限り少なくとも30年以上前から編集委員会の方々が編集後記で繰り返し,わかりやすい記事をと訴えかけ,かつそれに向けた不断の努力をされてきたにもかかわらず.多分にこれは,非専門家のためにではなく,身近な専門家の顔を浮かべながら執筆してしまう著者のせいである.これが良いことか悪いことかは自明ではないが,著者が「釈迦に説法」を避けるべく書いた解説が,大多数はその分野の非専門家である平均的物理学会員にとって「馬の耳に念仏」になってしまい,ほとんど読まれなくなっているとするならば,あまりにももったいない.一般相対論の研究者ではない私が本特集の序論的解説を依頼されたのは,まさにそのためであろう.というわけで,今回は学生時代に一般相対論の講義は受けたもののほとんど覚えていない,という平均的物理学会員を念頭においた平易な,といっても一般向け啓蒙書とは異なる解説を試みたい.したがって,もしも「釈迦に説法」あるいは「厳密には正しくない」と感じられた方がいたならば今回の試みは大成功だと言える.該当しそうな方はただちに本解説をスキップして以降の記事に進まれることを強くお薦めする.
著者
足立 光司
出版者
日本地球化学会
雑誌
地球化学 (ISSN:03864073)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.4, pp.185-193, 2015-09-25 (Released:2015-12-25)
参考文献数
27

Water-insoluble radioactive materials emitted during an early stage of the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident in 2011 were identified, and their chemical and physical properties were characterized as particulate matters. In this report, studies on radioactive particles collected from filter samples in Tsukuba on March 14–15, 2011 are summarized. Their compositions, chemical states, sizes, shapes, crystallinity, and hygroscopicity were analyzed using microscopic analyses such as electron microscopy and synchrotron with a micro-beam. The results indicate that they include Cs, Fe, and Zn as well as elements from fission products and are water insoluble, spherical-glassy particles with ca. 2 micrometer in size. Understanding of their detailed properties is significant to improve the numerical models during the accident and to understand their occurrences in soil as well as the accident itself. In addition to the water-insoluble radioactive materials, water-soluble radioactive materials, which were likely emitted in different events during the accident, should be investigated to have comprehensive understanding of the accident and its environmental effects. More samples from various environments such as soil will be needed, and more detailed chemical and physical analyses will help to understand their formation process, influences on human health, and long term decrements in ambient conditions.
著者
加藤 裕治
出版者
日本社会学会
雑誌
社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.2, pp.270-285, 1998-09-30

本稿は明治初期に活躍した二人の新聞記者, 成島柳北と福地源一郎の西南戦争をめぐる報道態度と (新聞) 報道言説に着目し, 「中立的 (ニュートラル) な視点」に基づいて事実を伝達すると想定されている「客観的報道言説」が, 「文学的定型 (物語) に基づく言説」を拒絶する地点で可能になったことを指摘する。その上で, そうした報道言説に含まれているパラドックスの可能性と隠蔽の問題を, タックマンによる「枠組」の概念に基づきながら検討し, こうした「中立的な視点に基づく事実によって出来事を知らせること」を指向しつつ誕生した「客観的報道言説」が, 実際には不可能であることを指摘する。
著者
安藤 英由樹 平松 誠治 加藤 厚生
出版者
特定非営利活動法人 日本バーチャルリアリティ学会
雑誌
日本バーチャルリアリティ学会論文誌 (ISSN:1344011X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, no.4, pp.245-248, 1998-12-31 (Released:2017-02-01)
参考文献数
5
被引用文献数
1

We developed a system that makes viscous sensation to the human legs in mud like wet rice field. In the first half of this paper , we mentioned a structure and a system of the force display device to the legs and its motion. In the latter half part, we mentioned some results of the experiment to evaluate comparative with real mud rice field. As the experimental results , we confirmed that the result next to real thing and almost subjects could fell it as (environment of) mud rice field.
著者
新井無二郎 著
出版者
大成書院
巻号頁・発行日
1936
著者
河上 春香
出版者
美学会
雑誌
美学 (ISSN:05200962)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.67, no.2, pp.49-60, 2016 (Released:2018-01-01)

This paper examines the political situation of surrealism in Czechoslovakia in 1930s. In Czechoslovakia, Surrealism was developed in the close relationship with communism. For ideological and other reasons, the Prague movement emphasized a dialectical way of thinking. In other words, Surrealism was considered to be a process whereby reality and the self were apprehended through the synergistic and dialectical relationship between deliberate (conscious) and involuntary (unconscious) acts. In addition, surrealism was undergirded by the rule of “recounting truth”. According to Michel Foucault, “recounting truth” involves defining an autonomous position vis-a-vis one's relationship with truth – in other words, it is a technique of governing the self. Karel Teige describes Surrealism as an artistic and practical means for revolutionaries to establish the self. However, attempting to connect Communism and Surrealism is forced: while the Communist ideology attempts to enforce one extreme form of “truth” in order to control people, the “truth” presented by Surrealism is something ever-changing and varying from person to person. By linking Surrealism and Socialist realism, Teige attempted to suggest that Communist culture should develop diversity and complexity. However, with Stalinism wielding power in Czechoslovakia, that idea was only possible for a brief time.
著者
柴 裕之
出版者
白山史学会
雑誌
白山史学 (ISSN:03859460)
巻号頁・発行日
no.49, pp.17-39, 2013-05