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1 0 0 0 OA Hybrid Hartree-Fock density functional study of charged point defects in ferroelectric PbTiO_{3}

著者: Shimada Takahiro Ueda Taku Wang Jie Kitamura Takayuki
出版者: American Physical Society
雑誌: Physical Review B (ISSN:10980121)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.87, no.17, 2013-05
被引用文献数: 63

The nature of intrinsic point defects, i.e., energetic, ferroelectric, and electronic properties of vacancies in ferroelectric PbTiO_{3}, is studied using first-principles calculations based on the hybrid Hartree-Fock density functional, which correctly reproduces the band gap and thus provides the accurate defect electronic states. The oxygen vacancies are found to behave as double shallow donors and are thermodynamically stable over a wide range of Fermi levels under oxygen-poor conditions, while Pb vacancies are likely to be formed under oxygen-rich conditions and act as double shallow acceptors, which lead to p-type conductivity. The result shows good consistency with the relevant experimental observations. The ferroelectric distortion is disturbed anisotropically outward by oxygen vacancies and is characterized by localized defect electronic states contributed by d orbitals. In contrast, an isotropically inward ferroelectric disturbance is found around Pb and Ti vacancies. Such a ferroelectric disturbance is strongly enhanced by the charging of vacancies, except for Pb vacancies that induce delocalized defect states.

2013-08-08 22:27:46
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1 0 0 0 OA 外国語学習におけるプロジェクト授業 : その理論と実践

著者: 玉木佳代子
出版者: 立命館大学国際言語文化研究所
雑誌: 立命館言語文化研究
巻号頁・発行日: vol.21, no.2, pp.231-246, 2009-11

2013-08-08 21:08:00
1 はてなブックマーク

http://hdl.handle.net/10367/4644

1 0 0 0 OA 分散環境におけるフォールトトレラントソフトウエアの構成法に関する研究

著者: 伊関浩
巻号頁・発行日: 1997-03

Supervisor:片山卓也

2013-08-08 13:43:24
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http://hdl.handle.net/10119/1014

1 0 0 0 OA Folk Etiology among the Baka, a Group of Hunter-Gatherers in the African Rainforest

著者: SATO Hiroaki
出版者: The Center for African Area Studies, Kyoto University
雑誌: African study monographs. Supplementary issue. (ISSN:02869667)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.25, pp.33-46, 1998-03

This paper addresses the structure of traditional medical belief and knowledge with special reference to etiology among the Baka hunter-gatherers living in the tropical rainforest from northwestern Congo to southeastern Cameroon. A group of the Baka in northwestern Congo has 89 folk illness terms. The illnesses are classified into three groups by the type of cause. The first group consists of 8 illnesses which develop exclusively due to specific causes such as contacts with various pathogenic substances, violation or sorcery. The second group consists of 55 illnesses which develop spontaneously or due to specific causes. The third group consists of 26 illnesses which develop purely spontaneously. In the Baka folk etiology, the naturalistic notion that some natural entities are responsible for the occurrence of illnesses is more predominant than the personalistic notion that some agents, such as sorcerers, evil spirits, and ghosts, cause illnesses. Among various pathogenic substances, animals are major pathogens. Forest animals, whose bodily shapes or behavior look strange or unusual to human beings, seem to provide good materials to the Baka who wish to explain and understand what causes illnesses, an abnormal state in body and mind, without warning. The Baka people think that almost all of their folk illnesses may develop spontaneously too. Their search for pathogenic substances of their illnesses seems neither for the purpose of removing it nor cutting off contacts with it, but for the purpose of seeking specific remedies.

2013-08-07 21:09:07
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1 0 0 0 OA 陳外郎関係史料集(稿)・解題 : 京都陳外郎を中心に

著者: 藤原重雄
出版者: 東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科・文学部日本史学研究室
雑誌: 東京大学日本史学研究室紀要
巻号頁・発行日: vol.2, pp.29-82, 1998-03-27

論文

2013-08-06 22:52:58
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http://hdl.handle.net/2261/52222

1 0 0 0 OA 福建省福清出身の在日新華僑とその僑郷

著者: 山下清海小木裕文松村公明張貴民杜国慶
出版者: 地理空間学会
雑誌: 地理空間 (ISSN:18829872)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.3, no.1, pp.1-23, 2010

本研究の目的は,日本における老華僑にとっても,また新華僑にとっても代表的な僑郷である福建省の福清における現地調査に基づいて,僑郷としての福清の地域性,福清出身の新華僑の滞日生活の状況,そして新華僑の僑郷への影響について考察することである。 1980年代後半~1990年代前半における福清出身の新華僑は,比較的容易に取得できた就学ビザによる集団かつ大量の出国が主体であった。来日後は,日本語学校に通いながらも,渡日費用,学費などの借金返済と生活費確保のために,しだいにアルバイト中心の生活に移行し,ビザの有効期限切れとともに不法残留,不法就労の状況に陥る例が多かった。帰国は,自ら入国管理局に出頭し,不法残留であることを告げ,帰国するのが一般的であった。 1990 年代後半以降には,福建省出身者に対する日本側の審査が厳格化された結果,留学・就学ビザ取得が以前より難しくなり,福清からの新華僑の送出先としては,日本以外の欧米,オセアニアなどへも拡散している。在日の新華僑が僑郷に及ぼした影響としては,住宅の新改築,都市中心部への転居,農業労働力の流出に伴う農業の衰退と福清の外部からの労働人口の流入などが指摘できる。また,新華僑が日本で得た貯金は,彼らの子女がよりよい教育を受けるための資金や,さらには日本に限らず欧米など海外への留学資金に回される場合が多く,結果として,新華僑の再生産を促す結果となった。

2013-08-06 08:31:02
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http://hdl.handle.net/2241/119532

1 0 0 0 OA インドの華人社会とチャイナタウン--コルカタを中心に

著者: 山下清海
出版者: 地理空間学会
雑誌: 地理空間 (ISSN:18829872)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.2, no.1, pp.32-50, 2009

本研究は,インドの華人社会の地域的特色について考察するとともに,コルカタのチャイナタウンの現状を記述・分析することを目的とした。インドの華人は,イギリス植民地時代の首都であったコルカタに集中してきた。広東省籍が最も多く,特に客家人が最大多数を占め,彼らの経済活動は皮革業と靴製造業に特化してきた。1962 年に発生した中印国境紛争に伴う両国の関係悪化により,海外へ「再移民」する華人が増加し,華人社会は衰退し,今日に至っている。インドにおいてチャイナタウンが唯一存在するコルカタには2つのチャイナタウンがある。ティレッタ・バザール地区は衰退しているが,中印国境紛争までは繁栄し,その名残として,会館,廟,華文学校などの華人の伝統的な施設が集中している。一方,タングラ地区は,近年の皮革業の衰退により,皮革工場から中国料理店への転換が著しく,今日では中国料理店集中地区となっている。

2013-08-06 08:30:56
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http://hdl.handle.net/2241/119531

1 0 0 0 OA List of Publications

出版者: University of Tsukuba, Doctoral Program in Earth Evolution Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences
雑誌: Earth Evolution Sciences (ISSN:18818463)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.7, pp.14-17, 2013-03-01

2013-08-06 08:30:40
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http://hdl.handle.net/2241/119538

1 0 0 0 OA Preface

出版者: University of Tsukuba, Doctoral Program in Earth Evolution Sciences, Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences
雑誌: Earth Evolution Sciences (ISSN:18818463)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.7, pp.1, 2013-03-01

2013-08-06 08:30:24
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http://hdl.handle.net/2241/119535

1 0 0 0 OA Becoming a Surrogate Online : "Message Board" Surrogacy in Thailand

著者: Hibino Yuri Shimazono Yosuke
出版者: Centre for Biomedical Ethics(CBmE) National University of Singapore
雑誌: Asian Bioethics Review (ISSN:17938759)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.5, no.1, pp.56-72, 2013-03

2013-08-06 01:08:54
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http://hdl.handle.net/11094/25163

1 0 0 0 OA 分散検証環境DiVinEを用いた分散LTLモデル検査アルゴリズムの性能評価

著者: 渋谷健介
巻号頁・発行日: 2008-01-31

修士論文

2013-08-05 22:33:08
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http://hdl.handle.net/2065/13129

1 0 0 0 OA 縄文時代の北海道における海獣狩猟

著者: 新美倫子
出版者: 東京大学文学部考古学研究室
雑誌: 東京大学文学部考古学研究室研究紀要 (ISSN:02873850)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.9, pp.137-171, 1990-12-28

The purpose of this paper is to consider the relation between Man and his environ-ment during the Jomon era by using faunal remains, which were mainly excavated from Middle and Late Jomon period sites in Hokkaido. The North Pacific Ocean, which is rich in sea mammals, encouraged peoples along its coasts to develop various techniques in hunting these animals. Drift ice carries many sea mammals to Hokkaido, which is located on the northwestern rim of the Pacific, and people living there hunted sea mammals from the Jomon to the modern period. It has been pointed out that sea mammal hunting was an important subsistence activity in Hokkaido since the Jomon era. In this paper, I focused on the techniques of hunting sea mammals, especially the Fur Seal (Callorhinus ursinus), Japanese Sea Lion (Zalophus califoraianus japonicus) and Steller Sea Lion (Eumetopias jubata) in the Jomon culture in Hokkaido. In order to discuss the technical developments of sea mammal hunting, I examined the remains of sea mammals that have been excavated and classfied them into several groups by their age and sex. The life cycle and migratory patterns of each species were also examined. Using these results, I divided the sea mammal hunting techniques into six types, according to technical complexity. Types A and B, which were used since the Early Jomon period, were not well-developed. This shows that at that time sea mammal hunting was not a stable enough major food supply. Hunting by techniques C to F, which were in use after the Middle Jomon, became an important subsistence activity on all coasts of Hokkaido. Around Uchiura Bay, of course, sea mammal hunting had been important since the Early Jomon. I also attempted to examine the ratio of vegetable food in the total diet of the Jomon culture in Hokkaido. To that end, I used the quantity of grinding stones as an index. I calculated the ratio of grinding stones to several stone tools in each of 36 Early to Late Jomon sites. The result shows that the use of grinding stones gradually retreated south over time, something which we might be able to attribute to climatic changes. It can be said that climatic changes in the Jomon era made plant f ood an unstable f ood supply f or the Jomon people, especially for those who lived on the northern boundary of the exploited flora. It is concluded that while the plant food supply fluctuated with climatic changes, sea mammal hunting became a more stable food supply after the Middle Jomon period. In this sense, sea mammal hunting was an important adaptation to the cold environment for the Jomon people in Hokkaido.