著者
酒井 浄
出版者
九州大学
巻号頁・発行日
1962

博士論文
著者
熊懐 節子
出版者
九州大学
巻号頁・発行日
1968

博士論文
著者
奥地 拓生
出版者
一般社団法人日本地球化学会
雑誌
地球化学 (ISSN:03864073)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.33, no.4, pp.247-254, 1999
参考文献数
37

The fate of H<sub>2</sub>O accreted to the primordial Earth is discussed using the results of the hydrogen partitioning experiments between molten iron and silicate melt at high pressure. Previous works related to this problem give no weight to the partitioning of hydrogen into the core, so that the origin and abundance of H<sub>2</sub>O in the hydrosphere, crust and mantle of the present Earth should be reconsidered from the viewpoint of the evolution of the primordial Earth including core formation processes. The results indicate that there is large possibility for most of H<sub>2</sub>O accreted to the Earth to be transported into the core as molten iron hydride (FeH<i>x</i>), rather than to be left into the hydrosphere and mantle in every case of H<sub>2</sub>O concentration in the accreting planetesimals. In other words, the mantle must have been dried up after the core formation. These results are consistent with the observed H<sub>2</sub>O concentration in the hydrosphere, crust and upper mantle of the present Earth. The presence of hydrogen in the core may quantitatively settle the problem of density deficit of the present Earth's core.
著者
Sato Yoji Kurose Hitoshi Nagao Taku
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬理学会
雑誌
The Japanese journal of pharmacology (ISSN:00215198)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.73, no.4, pp.325-332, 1997-04-01
参考文献数
22

To examine the contribution of &beta;-adrenoceptor (&beta;AR) downregulation to desensitization of &beta;ARs by chronic administration of a &beta;AR agonist, we compared the adenylyl cyclase (AC) activities in two kinds of cardiac ventricular membranes with decreased available &beta;ARs: one was derived from rats infused with a selective &beta;<SUB>1</SUB>AR agonist, T-0509 [(&minus;)-(<I>R</I>)-1-(3, 4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-[(3, 4-dimethoxyphenethyl)amino]ethanol hydrochloride], in vivo (40 &mu;g/kg/hr, s.c. for 6 days); and the other was obtained from treatment of control membranes with an irreversible &beta;AR antagonist, bromoacetyl alprenolol methane (BAAM). T-0509 infusion decreased the densities of &beta;<SUB>1</SUB>ARs and, &beta;<SUB>2</SUB>ARs by 26% and 32%, respectively, and reduced the maximal isoproterenol-stimulated AC activity by 53%. The amount of G<SUB>s&alpha;</SUB> and G</SUB>i&alpha;</SUB> proteins in the membranes was not significantly changed by T-0509 infusion. To make preparations that mimic the T0509-induced downregulation, we treated the control membranes with 100 nM BAAM in vitro. The BAAM treatment decreased the B<SUB>max</SUB>, value of [<SUP>125</SUP>I] iodocyanopindolol for &beta;1ARs and &beta;2ARs by 29070 and 36070, respectively, whereas it reduced the maximal effect of isoproterenol on AC activity only by 37%. These results suggest that downregulation of &beta;ARs cannot fully account for the desensitization by chronic treatment of T-0509 and that other mechanism(s) can play a significant role in the loss of responsiveness.
著者
青木 隆史
出版者
日本膜学会
雑誌
(ISSN:03851036)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, no.3, pp.145-148, 1997-05-01
参考文献数
11

This paper describes that the optically active moieties, ((S) -<I>sec</I>-butylacrylamide (BAAm)), in <I>N</I>-isopropylacrylamide (IPAAm) copolymer chains affected the phase transition behavior and resulted in lower critical solution temperature (LCST) changes responding to foreign tryptophan (Trp). Copolymerization of (S) -<I>sec</I>-BAAm and IPAAm were carried out in DMF at 70&deg;C for 25 h using AIBN. The copolymer was water-soluble and showed the characteristic LCST near 27&deg;C. LCSTs of PIPAAm chains are affected by hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature of comonomers. Since sec-BAAm is insoluble in water, the component exhibited hydrophobic property. Therefore, poly ((S) -<I>sec</I>-BAAm-co-IPAAm) showed lower LCST as compared with that of PIPAAm. The LCSTs of the copolymer in the presence of L-Trp weve higher than those in the absence of the amino acid. It was understood that the optically active moieties in the copolymer stereospecifically interact with L-Trp, relatively enhancing hydrophilic property of the polymer chains. The copolymer increased the LCSTs in response to increasing L-Trp concentration. Hydrogels consisting of these comonomers will exhibit reversible swelling/ deswelling behavior in response to L-amino acids such as L-Trp. The polymers with the optically active moieties demonstrate the chiral discrimination to L-amino acids and are also good candidates to perform chiral separation.