2 0 0 0 OA 農業・農村の多面的価値と地域づくり
- 著者
- 若原 幸範
- 出版者
- 北海道大学大学院教育学研究院社会教育研究室 = Course of Adult & Community Education, Faculty of Education, Hokkaido University
- 雑誌
- 社会教育研究 (ISSN:09130373)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.28, pp.1-13, 2010-03-15
- 著者
- Mori Chihiro Wada Kazuhiro
- 出版者
- Society for Neuroscience
- 雑誌
- Journal of Neuroscience (ISSN:02706474)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.35, no.3, pp.878-889, 2015-01-21
- 被引用文献数
- 31
Complex learned behavior is influenced throughout development by both genetic and environmental factors. Birdsong, like human speech, is a complex vocal behavior acquired through sensorimotor learning and is based on coordinated auditory input and vocal output to mimic tutor song. Song is primarily learned during a specific developmental stage called the critical period. Although auditory input is crucial for acquiring complex vocal patterns, its exact role in neural circuit maturation for vocal learning and production is not well understood. Using audition-deprived songbirds, we examined whether auditory experience affects developmental gene expression in the major elements of neural circuits that mediate vocal learning and production. Compared with intact zebra finches, early-deafened zebra finches showed excessively delayed vocal development, but their songs eventually crystallized. In contrast to the different rates of song development between the intact and deafened birds, developmental gene expression in the motor circuit is conserved in an agedependent manner from the juvenile stage until the older adult stage, even in the deafened birds, which indicates the auditionindependent robustness of gene expression dynamics during development. Furthermore, even after adult deafening, which degrades crystallized song, the deteriorated songs ultimately restabilized at the same point when the early-deafened birds stabilized their songs. These results indicate a genetic program-associated inevitable termination of vocal plasticity that results in audition-independent vocal crystallization.
2 0 0 0 OA ヨーガの実践とペルシア語訳『ゴーラクシャシャタカ』
- 著者
- 榊 和良
- 出版者
- 東京大学東洋文化研究所
- 雑誌
- 東洋文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:05638089)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.163, pp.80-108, 2013-03-27
A number of Sanskrit works are attributed to Gorakṣanātha. Among them, the Gorakṣaśataka is considered as one of the authoritative texts that contain Nātha doctrines. With regard to the transmission of the Gorakṣaśataka, we have located some remarks on the number of verses and variety of manuscripts. Despite the varied number of verses in the text, only two versions have been found to have been published with different titles. One version has 101 verses as its name śataka indicates, and another version contains over 200 verses. The latter is the more prevalent text. Recently, another short version has been introduced as the original śataka. We can add two Persian manuscripts which contain the Gorakṣaśataka in the form of a conversat ion between Matsyendranātha and Gorakṣanātha. One is the Retention of Breath (Pās-i Anfās) and another is the Translation of Gorakh (Tarjumah-i Gorakh). Despite the different titles, different translation styles, omissions, and additions, they are supposed to have been based on almost identical texts or oral tradition that contain the same number of verses as the longer version. Thus far, the examination of Persian translations has clarified that the source text may have been some kind of compendium of Nātha doctrines. It may have been the Vivekamārtāṇḍa ascribed to Viśvarūpadeva, which fixes the longer version of the Gorakṣaśataka in the core and contains the part of the Śivasvarodaya. The introductory part of this book has common verses in the first chapter of the Haṭhapradīpikā with ten chapters. Since the date of the transmission of the Cistern of Life (Amṛtakuṇḍa) in the 13th century, the science of the breath (svarajñāna) has been prevailed among the Islamic intellectuals and the Sufi circles. They left indispensable materials for the study of the formation of Nātha literatures.
2 0 0 0 OA 生物学における機能説明
- 著者
- 大塚 淳
- 出版者
- 京都大学哲学論叢刊行会
- 雑誌
- 哲学論叢 (ISSN:0914143X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.33, pp.114-125, 2006
2 0 0 0 OA 戦後日本の市民社会概念史 : 「近代性」のプロブレマティーク
- 著者
- 小野寺 研太
- 出版者
- 総合文化研究科国際社会科学専攻
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2014-07-24
学位の種別: 課程博士
- 著者
- 榎本 珠良
- 出版者
- 総合文化研究科国際社会科学専攻
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2015-02-27
学位の種別: 課程博士
2 0 0 0 OA 前山君のこと
- 著者
- 都甲 幸治
- 出版者
- 現代文芸論研究室
- 雑誌
- れにくさ (ISSN:21870535)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.5, no.1, pp.96-99, 2014-03-10
特集 北アメリカの文学
2 0 0 0 OA 鯨の「正しい」名前とは何か : 校訂版『白鯨』第45章の本文校訂批判
- 著者
- 佐藤 憲一
- 出版者
- 筑波大学比較・理論文学会
- 雑誌
- 文学研究論集 (ISSN:09158944)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.22, pp.71-83, 2004-03-31
はじめに 1988年、ノースウエスタン大学出版局とニューベリー図書館が共同して、ハーマン・メルヴィル(Herman Melville)の『白鯨』(Moby Dick or the Whale)を出版した。このテクスト(=本文)は、G・トマス・タンセル(G. Thomas Tanselle)とハーシェル・パーカー(Hershel Parker)という2人の書誌学者が ...
2 0 0 0 OA 大学の自己認識に関する一試論 : 東大総長の入学式・卒業式辞内容の計量テキスト分析から
- 著者
- 橋本 鉱市
- 出版者
- 東京大学大学院教育学研究科
- 雑誌
- 東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.55, pp.129-138, 2016-03-31
In this paper, I examined the speeches delivered by successive presidents of the University of Tokyo at entrance and graduation ceremonies after the war by using quantitative text analysis which had never been used in this field. Then I tried to find out how their self-awareness to the university and the organizational identity have been changing since post-war. Followings are what I found out. While every president has a certain common trend in his self-awareness to the University of Tokyo, some parts are reflected on both the situation of the times (i.e. political background, institutional context and public opinions) and each president’s individual character.
- 著者
- 井田 頼子
- 出版者
- 東京大学大学院教育学研究科
- 雑誌
- 東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.55, pp.51-60, 2016-03-31
The purpose of this study is to clarify the students’ decision of their own routes from the Japanese High School in Shanghai to universities in Japan. From the interview research and fieldwork research, it is revealed that the number of international schools or schools where teaching and learning language is English has been increased recently, and Japanese students can have more school choices. On the other hand, the students of the Japanese High School in Shanghai learn based on the Japanese public curriculum, and they tend to study for entering universities in Japan, not in other countries, and tend to apply for taking entrance examination tests of School Recommendation Exam or General Exam. This result explains that the students of the Japanese High School in Shanghai study with more nationalistic perspectives even living in a globalizing city and it is necessary for them to study hard to be selected within the limits of School Recommendation Exam that are reliable routes to university in Japan.
2 0 0 0 OA 京都府福知山市方言におけるテヤ敬語の運用について
- 著者
- 福居 亜耶 フクイ アヤ Fukui Aya
- 出版者
- 大阪大学大学院文学研究科社会言語学研究室
- 雑誌
- 阪大社会言語学研究ノート
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.13, pp.28-51, 2015-03
本稿では、京都府福知山市方言におけるテヤ敬語について、中年層女性の家族・親族内での会話を調査することで、以下のような運用ルールを提示した。A群:第三者待遇において(A):話し手にとって話題の人物が家族でない場合はテヤ敬語を使用する。(A-2):(A)が適用されないとき、話し手よりも話題の人物が年上の場合テヤ敬語を使用する。(A-3):(A-2)が適用されないとき、基本的にテヤ敬語は使用しない。(A-3´):(A-2)が適用されないとき、基本的にはテヤ敬語を使用しないが、話題の人物が聞き手よりも年上の場合はテヤ敬語を使用することがある。B群:対者待遇において(B):話し手にとって聞き手(=話題の人物)が家族である場合はテヤ敬語を使用しない。(B-2):(B)が適用されないとき、話し手よりも聞き手(=話題の人物)が年上の場合テヤ敬語を使用する。(B-3):(B-2)が適用されないとき、聞き手(=話題の人物)が話し手と非常に親しい場合はテヤ敬語を使用しない。(B-4):(B-3)が適用されないとき、テヤ敬語を使用する。
2 0 0 0 OA 日本における図書館目録法の標準化と目録理論の発展に関する研究
- 著者
- 志保田 務
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2004
図書館情報大学博士 (図書館情報学) 学位論文・平成16年3月25日授与 (甲第7号)
2 0 0 0 OA 19世紀イギリスの徒弟制と職人の「知識」
- 著者
- 真保 晶子
- 出版者
- 早稲田大学大学院社会科学研究科
- 雑誌
- ソシオサイエンス = Waseda Review of Socio-science (ISSN:13458116)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.6, pp.169-185, 2000-03
論文
2 0 0 0 OA 「抵抗」および「戦術」概念についての考察
- 著者
- 牛山 美穂
- 出版者
- 東京大学グローバルCOEプログラム「死生学の展開と組織化」
- 雑誌
- 死生学研究 (ISSN:18826024)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.8, pp.191-210, 2006-11-25
- 著者
- 及川 恵 坂本 真士
- 出版者
- 京都大学高等教育研究開発推進センター
- 雑誌
- 京都大学高等教育研究 (ISSN:13414836)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.14, pp.145-156, 2008-12-01
University students experience many stressful events throughout their school lives, such that primary prevention of depression has become increasingly important. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of an existing psycho-educational program that was improved and then applied in a university psychology class of undergraduates. The program was refined based on past research results (e.g., Oikawa & Sakamoto, 2007ab, 2008), teaching materials and methods in order to enhance undergraduates' comprehension and interest in the program. The experimental group participated in the program, which was based on cognitive behavior therapy and consisted of lectures on knowledge and skills needed to cope with negative moods and thoughts, group work (discussion and role playing), and homework. In each session, the experimental group participants rated their degree of comprehension, and completed questionnaires before and after the program. The control group participated only in the questionnaires. The experimental group's ratings and responses indicated that they understood the program well and were interested in the program. The results suggested that the program was effective in improving participants' self-efficacy for coping with depression. Based on the results, the role of such a prevention program conducted in higher education was discussed.
2 0 0 0 OA インゲニウム考 : ローマ共和政後期における「競争的な政治文化」との整合性を中心に
- 著者
- 鷲田 睦朗 ワシダ ムツロウ Washida Mutsuro
- 出版者
- 大阪大学大学院文学研究科
- 雑誌
- 待兼山論叢. 史学篇 (ISSN:03874818)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.48, pp.51-76, 2014-12-25
2 0 0 0 OA Analysis of Radio Frequency Blackout for a Blunt-Body Capsule in Atmospheric Reentry Missions
- 著者
- Takahashi Yusuke Nakasato Reo Oshima Nobuyuki
- 出版者
- MDPI
- 雑誌
- Aerospace (ISSN:22264310)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.3, no.1, pp.2, 2016-01-06
- 被引用文献数
- 23
A numerical analysis of electromagnetic waves around the atmospheric reentry demonstrator (ARD) of the European Space Agency (ESA) in an atmospheric reentry mission was conducted. During the ARD mission, which involves a 70% scaled-down configuration capsule of the Apollo command module, radio frequency blackout and strong plasma attenuation of radio waves in communications with data relay satellites and air planes were observed. The electromagnetic interference was caused by highly dense plasma derived from a strong shock wave generated in front of the capsule because of orbital speed during reentry. In this study, the physical properties of the plasma flow in the shock layer and wake region of the ESA ARD were obtained using a computational fluid dynamics technique. Then, electromagnetic waves were expressed using a frequency-dependent finite-difference time-domain method using the plasma properties. The analysis model was validated based on experimental flight data. A comparison of the measured and predicted results showed good agreement. The distribution of charged particles around the ESA ARD and the complicated behavior of electromagnetic waves, with attenuation and reflection, are clarified in detail. It is suggested that the analysis model could be an effective tool for investigating radio frequency blackout and plasma attenuation in radio wave communication.