著者

Yutaka SUZUKI Yoichi MIZUTANI Tadao TSUJI Naoto OHTANI Kazufumi TAKANO Mitsuru HARUKI Masaaki MORIKAWA Shigenori KANAYA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.364-373, 2005 (Released:2005-02-23)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

19

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The gene encoding alkaline phosphatase from the psychrotrophic bacterium Shewanella sp. SIB1 was cloned, sequenced, and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant protein was purified and its enzymatic properties were compared with those of E. coli alkaline phosphatase (APase), which shows an amino acid sequence identity of 37%. The optimum temperature of SIB1 APase was 50 °C, lower than that of E. coli APase by 30 °C. The specific activity of SIB1 APase at 50 °C was 3.1 fold higher than that of E. coli APase at 80 °C. SIB1 APase lost activity with a half-life of 3.9 min at 70 °C, whereas E. coli APase lost activity with a half-life of >6 h even at 80 °C. Thus SIB1 APase is well adapted to low temperatures. Comparison of the amino acid sequences of SIB1 and E. coli APases suggests that decreases in electrostatic interactions and number of disulfide bonds are responsible for the cold-adaptation of SIB1 APase.

著者

Hiroshi Uehara Kenichi Yoshida

出版者

Information Processing Society of Japan

雑誌

IPSJ Digital Courier (ISSN:13497456)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.145-154, 2006 (Released:2006-03-08)

参考文献数

15

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This paper proposes a method for creating the viewers' side annotations that reflect viewers' attentions on TV dramas. Internet bulletin boards are filled with large amount of viewers' dialogues concerning TV programs. Our approach is to extract the viewers' attention embedded in these dialogues and express them in the form of the graphical structures called attention graphs. The attention graphs act as viewers' side annotations. Viewers' side annotations assist in providing viewers with hints to locate their favorite scenes in full-length TV programs. In general, Internet bulletin boards are described without any particular order and are expressed in a poor grammatical manner. Our approach is to statistically recognize the notable frequencies of the words which represent viewers' attentions out from such unstructured documents. Attention graphs are the outcome of this approach. Attention graphs are evaluated by three types of tests. The test results demonstrate that attention graphs sufficiently act as viewers' side annotations, in terms of pointing out which scene the viewers pay attention to and clarifying how deeply viewers are impressed by the scenes.

著者

Dongmei Qiu Michiko Kurosawa Yingsong Lin Yutaka Inaba Tsuyoshi Matsuba Shogo Kikuchi Kiyoko Yagyu Yutaka Motohashi Akiko Tamakoshi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.Supplement_II, pp.S157-S167, 2005 (Released:2005-08-18)

参考文献数

72

被引用文献数

27 43

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BACKGROUND: The objective of this article was to overview the epidemiology of pancreatic cancer. We summarize the results of the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study) and some previous studies.METHODS: References were mainly in a Medline search through Pub Med database. In addition, 3 papers about the JACC Study were quoted.RESULTS : In the JACC Study, the standardized mortality ratio of pancreatic cancer was 0.97 in females and 0.84 in males. Diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased the risk for pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, DM had a risk for pancreatic cancer in males (hazard ratio = 2.12). Cigarette smoking has been associated with pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, the hazard ratio for current smokers was 1.6 in males, and 1.7 in females. The ratio was 3.3 who smoked 40+ cigarettes/day in males. In the JACC Study, alcohol intake was not associated with pancreatic cancer. These results are consistent with the other studies. Coffee consumption has not been associated with pancreatic cancer in many studies. In the JACC Study, the hazard ratio significantly increased to 3.19 among men who consumed 4+ cups of coffee per day. The relationships between diet /nutrition and pancreatic cancer are not clear in many studies.CONCLUSION: The relation between smoking and pancreatic cancer is most consistently described. A further analysis of the relationships between family history, hormonal factors in females, dietary and nutritional factors, obesity, physical activity and pancreatic cancer is necessary.J Epidemiol 2005; 15: S157-S167.

著者

Yoshihiko Noguchi Ichiro Tatsuno Keiko Suyama Takahisa Shibata Tomohiko Yoshida Yuko Otsuka Masami Fuse Chikari Takeo Yasushi Saito

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.6, pp.335-340, 2004 (Released:2005-01-08)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

5 8

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Forty Type IIb or IV hyperlipidemic patients (serum triglyceride concentrations were higher than 150 mg/dl) were treated with fenofibrate (300 mg/day) for 12 weeks. Lipid profile and uric acid metabolism were evaluated before and after the treatment; the serum concentrations of total cholesterol and triglyceride respectively decreased from 224 ± 41.9 mg/dl to 199 ± 35.2 mg/dl and from 205 ± 71.7 mg/dl to 134 ± 67.5 mg/dl (p < 0.001). The uric acid concentrations in the serum also significantly decreased from 7.0 ± 1.58 mg/dl to 5.2 ± 1.57 mg/dl (p < 0.001). Fenofibrate treatment did not cause any change in the serum xanthine and hypoxanthine concentrations. Instead the urinary concentrations of uric acid decreased from 7.0 ± 1.58 mg/dl to 5.2 ± 1.57 mg/dl (p < 0.01), while the clearance ratio of uric acid and creatinin increased from 6.1 ± 2.56 to 9.9 ± 3.87 (p = 0.02) by the fenofibrate treatment. Fenofibrate decreases uric acid concentrations in the serum not as a result of inhibition of uric acid production but by increasing the urinary excretion of uric acid.

著者

Jun SATO Yasuhito YAMAMOTO Tsuneaki NAKAMURA Shigeru ISHIDA Yutaka TAKAGI

出版者

The Japanese Society of Toxicology

雑誌

The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.339-347, 2005 (Released:2006-01-11)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3 3

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We evaluated the toxicity of tetradecanoic acid methyl ester sodium salt (C14-MES), a major component of fabric detergents, following the test guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The rat acute oral LD50 was 1,000 mg/kg in males and 500 mg/kg in females. Applying the combined repeated dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test (ReproTox), we exposed groups of Crj:CD (SD) IGS rats to C14-MES in the diet at concentrations of 0, 0.3, 0.6, or 1.2%. We observed decreases in fibrinogen levels and longer prothrombin time at the 1.2% treated level in females and decreases in serum triglyceride levels in both sexes at the 0.6% and 1.2% treatment levels, but the effects were not clinically significant. The no-observed-effect-level (NOEL) for repeated dose toxicity was 0.3% (175 mg/kg body weight/day for males, 249 for females). The NOEL for reproduction/developmental toxicity was 1.2% (740 mg/kg for males, 1039 for females). C14-MES was negative in the reverse gene mutation assay and the chromosomal aberration test and did not induce skin sensitization in the guinea pig maximization test. These data confirm that C14-MES is of low hazard potential.

著者

Toshiharu TAKEI Hiroshi ODAKE Kazuaki MIURA Yutaka TAKAGI

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.121-126, 2006 (Released:2006-02-11)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3 4

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This paper reports the ecotoxicological study of “tetradecanoic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1-methylester, sodium salt (C14MES)”. This salt was synthesized by sulfonating 1-methyl tetradecanoic acid derived from palm oil and coconut oil with sulfur trioxide. The tests were attempted in accordance with the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals. The 72 h ErC50 exceeded 100 mg/L in the alga growth inhibition test. In the daphnia acute immobilization and reproduction tests, 17.2 mg/L of 48 h EC50 and 4.10 mg/L of NOEC were derived, respectively. These ecotoxicities of C14MES were equivalent to or lower than that of other similar anionic surfactants, such as LAS (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate) or AOS (alpha olefin sulfonate).

著者

Khondkar Ehteshamul KABIR Daizo HIROWATARI Katsuhiro WATANABE Daizo KOGA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.252-262, 2006 (Released:2006-01-23)

参考文献数

60

被引用文献数

17

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75-kDa chitinase, which showed potential as a biocontrol agent against Japanese pine sawyer, was characterized after purification from the integument of the fifth instar larvae of Bombyx mori by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-Toyoperal 650 (M), hydroxylapatite, and Fractogel EMD DEAE 650 (M) columns. The optimum pH was 6.0 toward N-acetylchitopentaose (GlcNAc5) and 10 toward glycolchitin. The optimum temperature was 60 °C toward GlcNAc5 and 25 °C toward glycolchitn. The enzyme was stable at pH 7–10 and below 40 °C. Kinetic analysis and reaction-pattern analysis using glycolchitin and N-acetylchitooligosacchraides as substrates indicated that 75-kDa chitinase is an endo- or random-type hydrolytic enzyme to produce the β anomeric product and that it prefers the longer N-acetylchitooligosaccharides, suggesting, together with the N-terminal amino acid sequence, that the 75-kDa chitinase belongs to family 18 of glycosyl hydrolases.

著者

保田 明夫

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌) (ISSN:03854221)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.125, no.5, pp.682-689, 2005 (Released:2005-08-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2 2

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The objective of this paper is to give overviews of text mining or textual data mining in Japan from the practical aspects. Text mining is the technology utilized for analyzing large volumes of textual data applying various parameters for purpose of withdrawing useful knowledge and information. The essence of “Mining” is "the discovery of knowledge or information." And target of text mining is to objectively discover and extract knowledge, facts, and meaningful relationships from the text documents. This paper summarizes the related disciplines and application fields which are applied in text mining, and introduces features and application examples of text mining tools.

著者

岡本 真

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.86-88, 2006 (Released:2006-05-01)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

榊原 正幸 上原 誠一郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

岩石鉱物科学 (ISSN:1345630X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.3-10, 2006 (Released:2006-03-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

2 1

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The term asbestos is a generic designation given to six types of naturally occurring mineral fibers that are or have been used in commercial products. These fibers belong to two mineral groups: serpentines and amphiboles. The serpentine group contains a single asbestiform variety: chrysotile. The amphibole group contains five asbestiform amphibole varieties: anthophyllite, grunerite (amosite), riebeckite (crocidolite), tremolite and actinolite.     These fibrous minerals share several properties which qualify them as asbestiform fibers. They are bundles of fibers which can be easily cleaved into thinner fibers. Several properties that make asbestos so versatile and cost effective are high tensile strength, chemical and thermal stability, high flexibility, and low electrical conductivity.     Asbestos fibers have been used in a broad variety of industrial application; some 3000 applications such as roofing products, gaskets, and friction products. 80% of imported asbestos is used for cement products such as asbestos boards and slates which are used for building materials, 7% for friction materials, and less than 3% for asbestos textile. Nearly all of the asbestos produced worldwide is chrysotile. Historically, chrysotile has accounted for more than 90% of the world’s asbestos production, and it presently accounts for over 99% of the world production. Two types of amphiboles, commonly designated as amosite and crocidolite are no longer mined. With the onset of the health issues concerning asbestos in the late 1960s and early 1970s, world production and consumption began to decline during the 1980s. Japan used approximately 6.7 million tons between 1974 and 2004. About 67% of this amount was used since 1930.     The relationship between workplace exposure to airborne asbestos fibers and respiratory diseases is one of the most widely studied subjects of modern epidemiology. The research efforts resulted in significant consensus that asbestos fibers can be associated with diseases of asbestosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma. Its carcinogenic nature, an overall lack of knowledge of minimum safe exposure levels, and the long latency for the development of lung cancer and mesothelioma are the main contributing factors to these controversies.

著者

武山 洋士 瀬野尾 和隆 大槻 隆 木村 光照

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌E(センサ・マイクロマシン部門誌) (ISSN:13418939)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.122, no.5, pp.280-284, 2002 (Released:2003-03-28)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1

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Semiconductor magnetodiode with very small size, which has similar operation-principle to the SMD (Sony magnetodiode), has been fabricated on a thin Si film of SOI substrate and its fundamental characteristics are evaluated. This magnetodiode is able to fabricate together with ICs such as amplifier, driving circuits, compensation circuits, etc. using the update semiconductor IC technologies on a Si chip. Double injection in this magnetodiode is confirmed, and the magnetic sensitivity of ΔI/I0∼=10% at H=1kOe is obtained in this double injection regime even under non-optimized conditions.

著者

原田 実 水野 高宏

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.85-93, 2001 (Released:2002-02-28)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

3 6

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Up to now, the research on the automation of object-oriented analysis, especially extracting objectoriented design elements from the problem specification written in Japanese, has been continued in the Harada laboratory since 1993. As this first process, we have developed the semantic analysis system SAGE which could be practically useable both in the performance and in the accuracy. Given a dependency tree, where clauses constituting a sentence are related by dependency arcs, SAGE searches the EDR electronic dictionary, retrieves for any two clauses connected by a dependency arc the meaning of the principal word in each clause and the deep case between such two words, and assigns the probability of such meaning-case tuple. Then, SAGE constructs an interpretation tree by allocating such meaning-case tuple and its probability to each arc in the dependency tree. Next, SAGE searches for the allocation having the maximum of the overall evaluation value given by the sum of the probability of the allocated meaning and cases. Finally, SAGE converts the resulting interpretation tree into the set of semantic frames containing the information of each word and relations with other words. In developing the system, we achieved speed-up of the construction of the interpretation tree by reducing the search space with pruning useless meaning-case tuples and by using the branch and bound method. Moreover the accuracy improvement of the analysis was achieved by applying the following four methods: (A)in constructing the interpretation tree, assigning 0 probability to all the combination of word meanings with which there are no “case” information in the concept description dictionary, (B)using the experimental rules to presume the deep cases from the surface cases to each dependency between verb clauses, (C)improving the fitness of the sentences retrieved from corpus by using part of speech, and (D)decreasing the number of meaning candidates by using reading information. As a result, the average interpretation construction time of one sentence with nine clauses or less was 2 seconds on a PC with the Pentium III processor using 320MB memory. The correct answer rate of the meaning was 82.1%, and that of the case was 77.8%.

著者

MARK J. HUDSON

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.113, no.2, pp.131-139, 2005 (Released:2005-08-09)

参考文献数

71

被引用文献数

2 2

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From at least 1976 until his exposure by the media in November 2000, amateur archaeologist Shinichi Fujimura planted artifacts at over 180 Paleolithic ‘sites’ in Miyagi Prefecture and other parts of eastern Japan. As a result of this hoax, the existence of an Early Paleolithic stretching back more than half a million years became widely accepted in Japan. Fujimura perpetrated one of the biggest archaeological hoaxes of the 20th century and his actions have important implications for the way archaeological research is conducted in Japan and beyond. This article explores the sociopolitical background to the hoax and argues that the emphasis on archaeology as ‘people’s history’ in postwar Japan was one important factor in the favorable evaluations given to Fujimura’s discoveries. It is suggested that the lessons of the Fujimura hoax support the need for a stronger and more reflexive relationship between archaeology and anthropology in Japan.

著者

Ken’ichi Miyazaki

出版者

ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

Acoustical Science and Technology (ISSN:13463969)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.6, pp.426-432, 2004 (Released:2004-11-01)

参考文献数

55

被引用文献数

14 19 25

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Absolute pitch (AP) is the ability based on the fixed association between musical pitch and its verbal label. Experiments on AP identification demonstrated extreme accuracy of AP listeners in identifying pitch, influences of timbre and pitch range, and difference in accuracy between white-key notes and black-key notes. However, contrary to the common belief that AP is a component of musical ability, it was found that AP listeners have difficulty in perceiving pitch relations in different pitch contexts, and in recognizing transposed melodies, as compared to listeners having no AP. These results suggest that AP is irrelevant and even disadvantageous to music. Systematic music training in early childhood seems effective for acquiring AP. Possible genetic contributions to AP are undeniable, but evidence for them is inconclusive. There are several AP-like phenomena that do not reach consciousness: absolute tonality, long-term memory of pitch of repeatedly heard tunes, specific patterns of pitch comparison in the tritone paradox, and fixed pitch levels in speech. Contrary to true AP observed as a pitch naming ability, the implicit AP phenomena are widespread among general population.

著者

高木 浩光

出版者

コンピュータ犯罪に関する白浜シンポジウム実行委員会

雑誌

コンピュータ犯罪に関する白浜シンポジウム報告書 第8回 コンピュータ犯罪に関する白浜シンポジウム REPORT

巻号頁・発行日

pp.54-67, 2004 (Released:2005-03-10)

著者

Mutsuo Ishizaki Tomoko Yanaoka Miki Nakamura Tadao Hakuta Seiichi Ueno Michihiko Komuro Miyako Shibata Tatsumi Kitamura Akira Honda Mikio Doy Kazuhiro Ishii Akira Tamaoka Nobuhiro Shimojo Tsuyoshi Ogata Eiko Nagasawa Shigeyuki Hanaoka

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.130-137, 2005 (Released:2005-04-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

40 66

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The inhabitants living in a specific region of Kizaki area in Kamisu-town, Ibaraki Prefecture exhibited uncommon clinical central nervous system symptoms. A graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometer detected markedly elevated concentration of arsenic (4.5 ppm) in their drinking well water. Further investigation using HPLC, GC/MS and HPLC/ICP/MS demonstrated that the structures of the arsenic were bis(diphenylarsine)oxide (BDPAO), diphenylarsinic acid (DPAA) and phenylarsonic acid (PAA), compounds that can be derived from the chemical warfare agents, diphenylchloroarsine (DA) and diphenylcyanoarsine (DC). The predominant form of the arsenic compound in the well water was DPAA (maximum 15 ppm), so that it was calculated that the inhabitants ingested 11-30 mg of DPAA daily. This is the first report of inhabitants that were injured by drinking well water contaminated with organic arsenic compounds that were likely derived from chemical weapons.

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.6, pp.444-444, 2001 (Released:2001-09-01)

参考文献数

3