著者
八田 武志 八田 武俊 戸田山 和久 唐沢 穣
出版者
人間環境学研究会
雑誌
人間環境学研究 (ISSN:13485253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, no.1, pp.41-46, 2011 (Released:2011-06-30)
参考文献数
14

The present study examined whether false beliefs on neuroscience among college students can be corrected by the class lecture of neuropsychology. On the basis of a within subjects experimental design, a 21-item questionnaire was administered to 30 female students from a school of psychology during the first class meeting in a semester as the pre-test and at the final class meeting as the post-test. The participants were asked to judge whether each statement was correct or wrong and evaluate the confidence in their response on a 5-point Likert-type scale. The comparison between the pre- and post-tests with respect to the overall correct response rate showed a significant effect. However, further analyses for separate questionnaire items showed that the majority of items did not show any significant change individually between the pre- and post-tests, with only two exceptional items showing the effect. Therefore, it seems reasonable to conclude that the present results suggest the following. That is, although the class lecture of neuro-psychology discussed issues such as the methodology in scientific research, limitations of brain imaging, and refutation of false information in textbooks concerning the right versus left brains, it nevertheless remained to be a difficult task to reduce the misconception of false scientific information among students by lectures in classrooms. We also emphasized the responsibility that mass media is a powerful source of misunderstanding in the scientific knowledge among the general public.
著者
八田 武志
出版者
人間環境学研究会
雑誌
人間環境学研究 (ISSN:13485253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.2, pp.145-148, 2016 (Released:2017-01-06)
被引用文献数
2

In the context of examination as for the relation between handedness and brain function, many studies have investigated cognitive function of the left-handed people using behavioral measures such as the Stroop test, however the relation still remains unclear. In this study, the relation between handedness and executive function was examined using the Stroop test performances of 100 left-handed (50 males and 50 females) and 100 age-matched right-handed (50 males and 50 females) healthy community dwellers. They were from the database of the Yokumo Study. The mean age of the participants was 61.7 (SD = 10.8). The results of the present study did not show any significant difference either in the color naming speed or the Stroop interference effect size. Possible contribution of aging effects of hemisphere lateralization on cognitive function in upper middle aged left-handedness was discussed.
著者
八田 武志 八田 武俊 戸田山 和久 唐沢 穣
出版者
人間環境学研究会
雑誌
人間環境学研究 (ISSN:13485253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, no.2, pp.155-161, 2010 (Released:2010-12-29)
参考文献数
10

In Study 1, the degrees of penetration and familiarity of false belief on neuroscience, especially brain imaging, among students were surveyed using a questionnaire technique. A total number of 485 students from medical school, school of nurse sciences, school of psychology, and school of informatics were given 20 items and they were requested to evaluate authenticity of the items and familiarity was rated. The results suggested that as familiarity increased, the tendency for participants to regard the item was correct. In Study 2, the question whether false belief on neuroscience can be modified by a usual class lecture was examined. Degrees of the authenticity evaluation and the familiarity of false information between student groups who took the class of neuropsychology and who did not take the class were compared. Results showed a significant difference in many items between the two groups and suggested a possibility of modifiability even by a class lecture.
著者
岩原 昭彦 八田 武志
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, no.3, pp.416-429, 2009 (Released:2019-03-29)
被引用文献数
1
著者
八田 武俊 八田 武志 岩原 昭彦 八田 純子 永原 直子 伊藤 恵美 藤原 和美 堀田 千絵
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.85.13040, (Released:2015-01-15)
参考文献数
42

In this study, we examined the relationships among higher brain function, trust or distrust, and gullibility in middle-aged and elderly people. It has been pointed out that the trust can be regarded the psychological frame of automatic processing in decision-making. The participants were 309 rural community dwellers (127 males and 182 females) whose mean age was 64.9 years old (SD = 9.9). The trust scale of Amagai (1997) and the Nagoya University Cognitive Assessment Battery were used to measure sense of trust and higher brain function, respectively. Gullibility was measured by self-report using two items. Correlation analyses showed that higher brain function positively correlated with degree of trust in others and negatively correlated with distrust. However, regression analysis demonstrated that only the relationship between category fluency and distrust was significant. Furthermore, the degree of distrust positively correlated with gullibility.
著者
八田 武志 三輪 和久 川口 潤 筧 一彦 川上 綾子 栗本 英和
出版者
名古屋大学
雑誌
萌芽的研究
巻号頁・発行日
1999

昨年度に続き本年度も今までに収集した漢字誤記のタイプ別分類(1)とその産出メカニズムの説明モデルの作成と、(2)さらなる自発書字における漢字誤記の収集を行った。さらに,(3)今までに収集した漢字誤記のデータベース作成と,(4)データベースの利用容易性の検討である。(1)については,音韻、形態、意味の3つの基本要素を中心にそれらの組み合わせから生じる音韻+形態、音韻+意味、形態+意味、音韻+形態+意味、語順、部品欠損、その他の合計10タイプに漢字誤記は分類できることが明らかとなった。このような誤記の産出は3基本要素の心内辞書での活性化によるとする認知モデルは,基本的に変更する必要を感じなかった。これは,10タイプの分類で不可能とするような新しいタイプの誤記は生じなかったためである。(2)について本年度行ったのは,(1)ベネッセ「赤ペン先生」に解答者が記載する赤ペン先生へのletterにおける誤記(この場合中学生が主な対象となる)。(2)大学生における約400名の自由記述タイプの試験答案における誤記(これは一人あたりおよそ2000文字以上の記述がある),(3)専門学校生におけるレポートおよび感想文における誤記を対象に収集した。(1)については,添削がネット上で行われる様態に変更されたために,途中で収集は断念せざるを得なかった。(3)および(4)に関しては,誤記を考慮した手書き入力デバイスへの支援ソフトに利便性の高い形式を模索中である。本研究に関連の深いものとして,書字において情動価をどの様に伝達するのかに関する実験研究を行い結果を発表した。その内容は,漢字,平かな,カタカナなど表記のタイプと活字体の種類を変数にしたもので音声言語でのプロソディに相当する機能を書字でも行っていることを立証するものであった。
著者
堀田 千絵 加藤 久恵 多鹿 秀継 十一 元三 八田 武志
出版者
奈良教育大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2018-04-01

本研究の目的は、学習力を支える高次認知機能としてのメタ認知の早期育成が、定型発達児のみならず発達障害児の予後の適応に多大な影響を与えることに鑑み、発達障害児のメタ認知活性化を促すことのできる学習支援法を開発し、当該幼児の小学校入学後までを見据え、その適切性を吟味することであった。その中で、幼児期からのメタ認知育成を可能にする学習支援法の1つとして「検索学習」の有効性を明らかにし現場で活用できる学習支援システムの土台を構築した。特に、食物連鎖に基づく課題を考案する過程で幼児期からのメタ認知の活性化には検索学習の3規定因が重要であることを明らかにした。特に、3規定因としては、第1に初回学習の徹底、第2に検索スケジュールの時間的分散、第3にフィードバックが効果の要となる点を明確にし、これらを組み込んだ学習支援システムを構築した。その成果を堀田・多鹿・加藤・八田(2020)に要約した。加えて申請者らは、検索学習の導入の仕方によっては有効に機能しない一部の発達症児の存在することも特定し、自閉スペクトラム症等の発達症の障害の程度のみならず、それ以外の個人を特定する個人差が影響する可能性を突き止めた。
著者
堀田 千絵 多鹿 秀継 堀田 伊久子 八田 武志
出版者
人間環境学研究会
雑誌
人間環境学研究 (ISSN:13485253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.2, pp.171-178, 2016 (Released:2017-01-06)

The aim of this study was to disclose the reasoning behind the teaching for children with intellectual disabilities (ID). Based on findings of developmental studies, we looked from the viewpoint of four developmental stages; (1) to 6 months, (2) 6 to 9 months, (3) 9 to 18months, and (4) to 24 months. Especially, as a peripheral area to cognitive abilities, this study identified the characteristics of para-cognitive abilities (e.g., non-cognitive abilities or GRIT as a related technical term) which included motivation, vigor, inquiring mind, concentration of attention, collaboration, emotional intelligence, and other positive qualities. Finally, we discussed the effective teaching methods focused on para-cognitive area for children with ID based upon the findings of developmental studies.
著者
八田 武志 八田 武俊 岩原 昭彦 八田 純子 伊藤 恵美 堀田 千絵 永原 直子 加藤 公子 藤原 和美
出版者
人間環境学研究会
雑誌
人間環境学研究 (ISSN:13485253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, no.1, pp.43-50, 2018 (Released:2018-07-02)
被引用文献数
1

The purpose of this study was to develop a new questionnaire to assess the burden expressive suppression for Japanese (J-BES) based on the BES by Niermeyer, Franchow & Suchy (2016). In this study 1, 465 upper-middle and older adults filled 20 questionnaire items and two factors, social suppression and personal suppression, were identified by the factor analysis and selected 8 items as J-BES. In study 2, possible relations between J-BES score and D-CAT (representing attention related prefrontal cortex function) and Logical Memory test (representing memory related frontal-temporal cortex function) scores were examined. High J-BES score group participants showed worse D-CAT scores than low J-BES score group participants. These findings seem to support that J-BES has a certain level of test validity.
著者
八田 武志 岩原 昭彦 八田 武俊
出版者
人間環境学研究会
雑誌
人間環境学研究 (ISSN:13485253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, no.1, pp.33-42, 2009 (Released:2009-06-30)
参考文献数
29
被引用文献数
1 2

Subjective age of Japanese middle and upper middle community dwellers was surveyed in Study 1. Participants (N = 442) were asked to answer their subjective psychological and physical ages by the questionnaire. As seen in previous studies of North America and North Europe people, most of the Japanese participants evaluated their subjective and physical age significantly younger than their chronological age. There is a sex difference in the amount of discrepancy different from previous studies and this seems to suggest cultural effects on subjective age evaluation. In Study 2, the relation between cognitive task performances and type of subjective age evaluation was examined. Nagoya University Cognitive Assessment Battery (NU-CAB) was given to 362 middle and upper middle age participants and the results showed that attention related test items in the NU-CAB are critical to evaluate subjective age whether participants evaluated younger or older than chronological age.
著者
八田 武志 山本 真由美 広瀬 雄彦
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.5, pp.308-313, 1990-12-25 (Released:2010-07-16)
参考文献数
28

The right ear advantage in dichotic listening test for VCV word pairs was investigated using both longitudinal and cross-sectional methods with children whose age ranged from four to six. The degree of a right ear advantage and the population of those who showed a right ear advantage increased with age in the cross-sectional method. In the longitudinal method, however, the above findings could not be confirmed. These results suggest that the application of dichotic listening test may be inappropriate to young children.
著者
八田 武俊 八田 武志 岩原 昭彦 八田 純子 永原 直子 伊藤 恵美 藤原 和美 堀田 千絵
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.85, no.6, pp.540-548, 2015

In this study, we examined the relationships among higher brain function, trust or distrust, and gullibility in middle-aged and elderly people. It has been pointed out that the trust can be regarded the psychological frame of automatic processing in decision-making. The participants were 309 rural community dwellers (127 males and 182 females) whose mean age was 64.9 years old (<i>SD</i> = 9.9). The trust scale of Amagai (1997) and the Nagoya University Cognitive Assessment Battery were used to measure sense of trust and higher brain function, respectively. Gullibility was measured by self-report using two items. Correlation analyses showed that higher brain function positively correlated with degree of trust in others and negatively correlated with distrust. However, regression analysis demonstrated that only the relationship between category fluency and distrust was significant. Furthermore, the degree of distrust positively correlated with gullibility.
著者
堀田 千絵 伊藤 恵美 岩原 昭彦 永原 直子 八田 武俊 八田 純子 八田 武志
出版者
人間環境学研究会
雑誌
人間環境学研究 (ISSN:13485253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, no.2, pp.143-149, 2009 (Released:2010-01-14)
参考文献数
20
被引用文献数
1 3

We examined the relationship between the feeling of well-being and the duration judgments by remembering of a negative (earthquake) and non negative (social) memories for 40s, 50s, 60s, 70s, and 80s elderly groups. They were asked to produce the subjective time for each event and fill out the questionnaire of feeling of well-being. The results showed that female participants in 70s, 80s elderly groups decreased the subjective time of the negative event. Moreover, as feeling of well-being declined, the subjective time of the negative event were also decreased. The results suggest that less subjective time of the negative events may lead to less forgetting of them and associate with the present negative activities and imagining negative future happenings.
著者
八田 武志 岩原 昭彦 八田 武俊
出版者
人間環境学研究会
雑誌
人間環境学研究 = Journal of human environmental studies (ISSN:13485253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, no.1, pp.33-42, 2009-06 (Released:2013-06-14)
被引用文献数
2

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