著者

Megumi MATSUMOTO Ryo INOUE Takamitsu TSUKAHARA Kazunari USHIDA Hideyuki CHIJI Noritaka MATSUBARA Hiroshi HARA

出版者

(社)日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0801080740-0801080740, (Released:2008-02-07)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

258

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The effects of voluntary wheel-running exercise on cecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acid production were investigated in rats. The microbiota composition was notably different between the exercised and sedentary rats. Furthermore, the exercised rats showed a significantly higher n-butyrate concentration than the sedentary rats. This alteration of the cecal microbial environment may contribute to the beneficial effect of exercise on gastrointestinal disorders.

著者

小野 浩 オノ ヒロシ Hiroshi Ono

雑誌

立教經濟學研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.223-248, 2006-07-10

著者

Endo Hideki Niizawa Nobuharu Komiya Teruyuki Kawada Shinichiro Kimura Junpei Itou Takuya Koie Hiroshi Sakai Takeo

出版者

Zoological Society of Japan

雑誌

Zoological Science (ISSN:02890003)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.10, pp.1005-1011, 2007-10

被引用文献数

17

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The gross anatomy of the mastication system of the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) was examined by means of three-dimensional image analysis. The anteater rotates the mandibles medially and laterally to control its tongue when it is elongated and to house it when it is relaxed. Three-dimensional CT image analysis demonstrated that the shape and size of the oral cavity changes drastically when the mandibles are rotated. The oral cavity expands bilaterally when the dorsal part of the mandibles bend medially. Macroscopic observations and muscle-weight data supported the observation that the superficial temporal and medial pterygoid muscles act as the main medial and lateral rotators of the mandible, respectively. The low height of the mandibular ramus and the incomplete zygomatic arch in this species represent adaptations for the rotational movement of the mandibles, since they both contribute to the medially oriented transmission of force from the temporal muscles and to preventing collision between the mandibles and the cranium during the rotational movement.

著者

Hiroshi Machida

出版者

日本第四紀学会

雑誌

第四紀研究 (ISSN:04182642)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.194-201, 1999-06-01 (Released:2009-08-21)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

19 32 78

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Many widespread Quaternary tephras have been identified in and around Japan. Recent developments in tephra characterization and dating methods have provided a regional stratigraphic framework for Quaternary studies as well as for determining the nature and effects of explosive eruptions. This paper stresses on the importance of tephra catalog compilation and shows a simplified example from Japan.

著者

吉田 美佳 池田 宏 Yoshida Mika Ikeda Hiroshi ヨシダ ミカ イケダ ヒロシ

出版者

筑波大学水理実験センター

雑誌

筑波大学水理実験センター報告 (ISSN:0385907X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.24, pp.73-79, 1999

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栃木県烏山町に龍門の滝と呼ばれる滝がある(第1図).ほぼ垂直な崖を水が落ちるこのような滝はあちらこちらにあるように思われがちであるが,沢登りの対象とされるような急勾配の谷の小滝を除くと,かなり大きな川の,しかも崖がほぼ垂直な滝(湯布タイプの滝,直瀑)というと,たとえば,関東平野では日光の華厳の滝 ...

著者

Naoki Sakane Yoko Asano Tomoko Kawamura Tomohiro Takatani Yasuhiro Kohama Kazutake Tsujikawa Hiroshi Yamamoto

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.12, pp.2014-2020, 2004 (Released:2004-12-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1 2 3

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Fetal liver (FL) hematopoiesis is thought to be important for expanding the cell number during ontogeny. In order to investigate the cellular interaction molecules among FL stromal and hematopoietic cells, we established a monoclonal antibody, Ndk-10, that reacts with FL stromal cells but not with dish non-adherent cells. When Ndk-10 was added to an FL stromal and hematopoietic cell-coculture, it inhibited the survival of c-kit+ cells. The inhibitory activity of Ndk-10 was also observed in the fetal liver organ culture. The Ndk-10 recognized a 150 kD molecule in the adherent cells of FL and kidney, and the N-terminal amino acid sequence was identical to that of mouse aminopeptidase N/CD13. The peptidase activity of CD13 was inhibited by Ndk-10, and addition of its specific inhibitor resulted in the same inhibitory activity as Ndk-10. We propose that aminopeptidase N/CD13 is a critical molecule that regulates the survival of c-kit+ cells in the FL microenvironment.

著者

クライン スーザン・ブレークリ 荒木 浩 クライン スーザン・ブレークリ アラキ ヒロシ Klein Susan Blakeley Araki Hiroshi

出版者

大阪大学大学院文学研究科

雑誌

大阪大学大学院文学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13453548)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, pp.29-68, 2010-03-31

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クライン, スーザン・ブレークリー著

著者

Mikawa Takumi Maruyama Takeshi Okamoto Koji Nakagama Hitoshi Lleonart Matilde E Tsusaka Takeshi Hori Kousuke Murakami Itsuo Izumi Taisuke Takaori-Kondo Akifumi Yokode Masayuki Peters Gordon Beach David Kondoh Hiroshi

出版者

The Rockefeller University Press

雑誌

The Journal of cell biology (ISSN:00219525)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.204, no.5, pp.729-745, 2014-03-03

被引用文献数

31

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細胞老化から癌化への変換のカギとなる解糖系制御機構解明に成功 -代謝を標的とした新しい抗がん剤開発に期待-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-02-24.

著者

Dennis V. UMALI Hiroshi ITO Hiromitsu KATOH Toshihiro ITO

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.3, pp.423-430, 2014 (Released:2014-04-01)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

6 17

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Relatively little is known about the distribution of avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) among wild birds in Japan. Surveillance of APMV in migratory waterfowl was conducted in the San-in region of western Japan during winters of 2006 to 2012. A total of 16 avian paramyxoviruses consisting of 3 lentogenic Newcastle disease viruses (NDVs), 12 APMV-4 and 1 APMV-8 were isolated from 1,967 wild-bird fecal samples. The results show that NDV and APMV-4 are relatively widely distributed among wild waterfowl that migrate to Japan from northern regions. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that there was no genetic relationship between the isolates from wild birds and domestic poultry in Japan. However, surveillance of APMVs in wild waterfowl needs to be conducted due to the pathogenic potential of these isolates in domestic poultry.

著者

Hiroyuki Ariyasu Hiroshi Iwakura Naoichiro Yukawa Toshinori Murayama Masayuki Yokode Harue Tada Kenichi Yoshimura Satoshi Teramukai Tatsuya Ito Akira Shimizu Atsushi Yonezawa Kenji Kangawa Tsuneyo Mimori Takashi Akamizu

出版者

(社)日本内分泌学会

雑誌

Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.EJ14-0088, (Released:2014-04-17)

被引用文献数

6 20

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The majority of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) have gastrointestinal (GI) tract involvement, but therapies using prokinetic agents are usually unsatisfactory. Ghrelin stimulates gastric motility in healthy human volunteers. In this study, we investigated whether ghrelin could improve gastric emptying in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms due to SSc. The study was performed in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover fashion on two occasions. Ten SSc patients with GI tract involvement received an infusion of either ghrelin (5.0 μg/kg) or saline, and gastric emptying rate was evaluated by 13C-acetic acid breath test. Gastric emptying was significantly accelerated by ghrelin infusion in patients with SSc (ghrelin vs. saline: 43.3 ± 11.4 min vs. 53.4 ± 5.4 min, P≡0.03). No serious adverse effects were observed. Our results suggest that ghrelin might represent a new therapeutic approach for GI tract involvement in patients with SSc.

著者

逸村 裕 安井 裕美子 ITSUMURA Hiroshi YASUI Yumiko

出版者

名古屋大学高等教育研究センター

雑誌

名古屋高等教育研究 (ISSN:13482459)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.131-144, 2006-03 (Released:2012-06-22)

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近年、大学に対する評価活動が活発になっている。その評価活動の一部に研究評価がある。特に大学院重点化政策において、研究指標をどう定めるかが課題となった。このために用いられる指標としてインパクトファクター(Impact factor)が誤用される例が散見されるようになった。インパクトファクターは1970年代にユージン・ガーフィールドが学術雑誌の評価のために考え出した引用数と掲載論文数から算出される学術雑誌に関する指標である。本稿では学術情報流通と引用、引用文献分析とインパクトファクターの特性について述べ、さらに主要学術雑誌のインパクトファクターの経年変化調査のデータを示し、その数値がいくつかの要因により、少なからず変動することについて考察を行う。まとめとして、インパクトファクターは、同一分野内における学術雑誌の位置づけを検討する際の指標とはなるが、組織、個人の研究評価に利用することはできないことについて述べた。 Currently, there is a great deal of academic evaluation activity and evaluation in Japanese universities. “Impact Factor” came to be misused as one of the evaluation measurements. Originally, Eugene Garfield invented Impact Factor as a type of measurement that reflects the average number of citations per article for each scholarly journal. In some cases, Impact Factors have proved so attractive to many evaluators and researchers that they started applying Impact Factor not only to journal evaluation but also to research activities and researchers. This issue is complicated by the fact that, some journals require that papers be topical and current so researchers are shifting the questions they investigate to accommodate journals with a high-impact factor. In this paper, described the characteristics and history of citation, citation analysis and Impact Factor. We conclude that Impact Factor shows the rank of the scholarly journal in the same field. However, Impact Factor does not describe the research evaluation of the organization and the researcher.

著者

種市 淳子 Taneichi Junko 逸村 裕 Itsumura Hiroshi

出版者

三田図書館・情報学会

雑誌

Library and Information Science (ISSN:03734447)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, pp.1-23, 2006 (Released:2005-09-28)

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The World Wide Web (WWW) has had an unprecedented impact on the creation and utilization of information. As the amount of information continues to increase, it has become more difficult to select trustworthy information on the Web. This paper aims to analyze information seeking behaviors on the Web and examines the information evaluation process based on experimental research on two-year college students. The study also aims to make use of its results to enhance information users’ education in libraries in the future. First, the paper reviews previous related studies, examining studies on Web searching tendencies and those on the evaluation of Web resources in accordance with their methodologies, and pointing out the simplicity of Web searching patterns and factors that influence information evaluation. Then, in order to validate these previous studies, we examine two-year college students’ searching processes using search engines and the OPAC (Online Public Access Catalogue) by implementing the observational method and protocol analysis. In our examination, we divide the students into two groups, one that has been using the Internet for over five years and the other for under two years, and we analyze their searching behaviors. Moreover, in order to make a comparison, we also use the result of the same research on university students. We find that, 1) Web searching is a repeated behavior, repeating a simple pattern regularly. In evaluating search results, the students quickly filter out unnecessary information. 2) Experience of using search engines affects information seeking and its evaluation behaviors, which is more distinctive in students with long experience of the Internet. 3) Students have a tendency to evaluate Web resources based on visual and experimental factors, but lack skills in evaluating contents quality. 4) We find the same tendencies in university students. In conclusion, integrating all these findings, we construct a process model of information evaluation in Web searching.

著者

Ikeda Hiroshi Nishikawa Masaaki Sota Teiji

出版者

Nature Publishing Group

雑誌

Nature Communications (ISSN:20411723)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.648, 2012-01-31

被引用文献数

108

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甲虫の種多様化要因の新説~飛翔能力の退化が種分化を促進. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2012-02-01.

著者

Kentaro Ninomiya Kazumi Hayama Sanae A. Ishijima Naho Maruyama Hiroshi Irie Junichi Kurihara Shigeru Abe

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.5, pp.838-844, 2013-05-01 (Released:2013-05-01)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

9 34

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The onset of oral candidiasis is accompanied by inflammatory symptoms such as pain in the tongue, edema or tissue damage and lowers the quality of life (QOL) of the patient. In a murine oral candidiasis model, the effects were studied of terpinen-4-ol (T-4-ol), one of the main constituents of tea tree oil, Melaleuca alternifolia, on inflammatory reactions. When immunosuppressed mice were orally infected with Candida albicans, their tongues showed inflammatory symptoms within 24 h after the infection, which was monitored by an increase of myeloperoxidase activity and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in their tongue homogenates. Oral treatment with 50 µL of 40 mg/mL terpinen-4-ol 3h after the Candida infection clearly suppressed the increase of these inflammatory parameters. In vitro analysis of the effects of terpinen-4-ol on cytokine secretion of macrophages indicated that 800 µg/mL of this substance significantly inhibited the cytokine production of the macrophages cultured in the presence of heat-killed C. albicans cells. Based on these findings, the role of the anti-inflammatory action of T-4-ol in its therapeutic activity against oral candidiasis was discussed.

著者

池田 寛 イケダ ヒロシ Ikeda Hiroshi

出版者

大阪大学人間科学部

雑誌

大阪大学人間科学部紀要 (ISSN:03874427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.247-273, 1985-03

著者

Ichiro WAKABAYASHI Kunihiro SAKAMOTO Hidehisa MASUI Sachiko YOSHIMOTO Akihisa KANAMARU Eizo KAKISHITA Hiroshi HARA Masashi SHIMO-OKA Kiyoyasu NAGAI

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.4, pp.198-203, 1994 (Released:2006-03-27)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

10 17

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A case control study was performed with 142 leukemia patients and 284 controls matched for age and sex. Occupation, birth order, past medical history, and drinking and smoking habits were compared in these two groups. Persons born first or fourth were found to have a higher incidence of leukemia. History of a fracture was one of the risk factors for acute leukemia, and a history of gastroduodenal ulcer was a risk factor for chronic leukemia. This may suggest that extensive exposure to X-rays in diagnosis and treatment is a risk factor for leukemia. There was a significant dose-response relationship between the amount of smoking and the incidence of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia, but not between the amount of alcohol consumption and the incidence of leukemia. Thus, smoking was one of the risk factors for acute leukemia.(Internal Medicine 33:198-203, 1994)

著者

Shinji Abe Arata Azuma Hiroshi Mukae Takashi Ogura Hiroyuki Taniguchi Masashi Bando Yukihiko Sugiyama

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.12, pp.1487-1491, 2012 (Released:2012-06-15)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

23 88

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Objective The prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients with acute exacerbation (AE) is reported to be extremely poor. Several clinical studies suggest that direct hemoperfusion with polymyxin B-immobilized fiber (PMX) may have beneficial effects on AE in patients with interstitial pneumonia (IP). The aim of this multicenter retrospective analysis was to investigate whether PMX treatment could provide improvement of oxygenation and survival benefits in IPF patients with AE. Methods We conducted a retrospective study of 160 IP patients (including 73 IPF) with AE treated by PMX at 18 institutions in Japan. PMX treatment was carried out twice. The total hemoperfusion time of PMX treatment was, on average, 12 hours. Data concerning oxygenation on PMX treatment and survival after AE were collected and analyzed. Results In IPF patients with AE, arterial oxygen tension (PaO2)/inspiratory oxygen fraction (FiO2), (P/F) ratio was significantly improved at the end of the 2nd treatment with PMX (173.9±105.4 to 195.2±106.8 Torr, p=0.003). White blood cell count was significantly reduced at the end of the 2nd treatment (13,330±7,002 to 9,426±5,188 /mm3, p<0.001). These clinical changes were also observed on analysis of all 160 IP patients with AE. The one- and three-month survival rates of IPF patients after AE were 70.1% and 34.4%, respectively. Conclusion PMX treatment may improve oxygenation and survival in IPF patients with AE. Prospective, controlled trials of PMX treatment for IPF with AE are warranted to verify this potential benefit.

著者

Yoji Urabe Hideya Yamamoto Toshiro Kitagawa Hiroto Utsunomiya Hiroshi Tsushima Fuminari Tatsugami Kazuo Awai Yasuki Kihara

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-13-0257, (Released:2013-07-18)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

11 16

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Background: Intensive lipid-lowering therapy with statins reduces cardiovascular events, but residual cardiovascular risks remain. Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been associated with cardiovascular events. We examined the relationships between serum n-3 PUFAs and coronary atherosclerotic findings on computed tomography angiography (CTA) in patients undergoing statin treatment. Methods and Results: We enrolled 172 subjects (mean age: 68.2 years; 64% men) prior to statin treatment for 6 months. Serum PUFAs, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid, were measured. When the patients were divided into 2 groups according to the median EPA level (61.3μg/ml), the low-EPA group showed higher incidences of 3-vessel plaque involvement (62% vs. 43%, P=0.015), noncalcified plaques (NCPs) (74% vs. 52%, P=0.0016), extensive NCPs (≥2 segments) (56% vs. 34%, P=0.0036), and high-risk plaques (minimum CT density <39HU and remodeling index >1.05) (43% vs. 22%, P=0.0034). Multivariate analyses revealed that low EPA levels were an independent factor for these coronary plaque findings. The DHA levels were not independently associated with these findings. Conclusions: Low serum EPA level, but not serum DHA, is associated with the presence and extent of NCPs and high-risk plaques detected by coronary CTA in patients undergoing lipid-lowering therapy with statins.

著者

Hidenori Arai Akira Yamamoto Yuji Matsuzawa Yasushi Saito Nobuhiro Yamada Shinichi Oikawa Hiroshi Mabuchi Tamio Teramoto Jun Sasaki Noriaki Nakaya Hiroshige Itakura Yuichi Ishikawa Yasuyoshi Ouchi Hiroshi Horibe Tohru Egashira Hiroaki Hattori Nobuo Shirahashi Toru Kita

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.5, pp.240-250, 2005 (Released:2005-10-05)

参考文献数

53

被引用文献数

27 31

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We studied the association of six common polymorphisms of four genes related to lipid metabolism with serum lipid levels. We selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes for cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (LIPC), and apolipoprotein CIII (APOC3), and studied 2267 individuals randomly selected from the participants of Serum Lipid Survey 2000. There was a significant association of CETP polymorphism (D442G, Int14 +1 G → A, and TaqIB), LPL polymorphism (S447X), and LIPC polymorphism (−514 → CT) with HDL-cholesterol levels. We also found a significant association of LPL polymorphism (S447X) and APOC3 polymorphism (SstI) with triglyceride levels. This is the largest database showing the association of common genetic variants in lipid metabolism with serum lipid levels in the general Japanese population. Further study is necessary to elucidate the role of these gene polymorphisms in cardiovascular events.

著者

Junko TOKUMOTO Megumi DANJO Yoshihiro KOBAYASHI Kyoko KINOSHITA Takuya OMOTEHARA Atsutoshi TATSUMI Mineo HASHIGUCHI Tsuneo SEKIJIMA Hiroshi KAMISOYAMA Toshifumi YOKOYAMA Hiroshi KITAGAWA Nobuhiko HOSHI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.6, pp.755-760, 2013 (Released:2013-07-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

5 55

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Clothianidin (CTD) is a neonicotinoid developed in the 1990s as an insecticide having selective toxicity, but it was later found to cause reproductive abnormalities in rats through oxidative stress. There is an attempt to preserve endangered animals, including the Japanese crested ibis, in Japan. However, there is a concern that neonicotinoid affects the reproduction of this bird, since it is used in its habitat. CTD toxicity in the birds is poorly understood, so we investigated whether or not the daily oral administration of CTD has any deleterious effects on the reproductive functions of mature male quails as experimental animals. The animals were randomly divided into four groups of 6 or 7 quails each, treated orally with 0, 0.02, 1 or 50 mg CTD/kg body weight (Control, CTD0.02, CTD1 and CTD50). After that the males bred with untreated females to estimate the egg weights, and rates of fertilization and normal development, the testes, liver and spleen were examined histologically. Vacuolization and the number of germ cells having fragmented DNA in seminiferous tubules, and the number and size of vacuoles in hepatocytes increased dose-dependently. There were no significant differences in egg weights and fertilization rates between the groups, but some eggs of the CTD1 and CTD50 groups failed to develop, and embryonic length decreased dose-dependently. Thus, it was found that CTD affected the reproduction of the male quail through the fragmentation of germ cells and the inhibition or delay of embryonic development.