著者
Masataka Minami Honoka Fukutani Shin-ichi Motegi Masakazu Michihira
出版者
The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan
雑誌
IEEJ Journal of Industry Applications (ISSN:21871094)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.L22000777, (Released:2022-09-30)
被引用文献数
4

Unbalanced parameters of the parasitic components in a three-phase inverter cause unbalanced losses in the device. This research focuses on equalizing the device's losses for an unbalanced three-phase inverter. This letter proposes a novel two-phase (2Φ) PWM scheme that uses the variable switching pause period. This letter numerically equalizes the device's losses for the unbalanced three-phase inverter.
著者
Shin Fukui Akihiko Murata
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2021-036, (Released:2021-10-11)

This study statistically investigated sensitivities of simulated precipitation to horizontal resolution of a regional climate model, instead of focusing on particular cases. We performed long-term integrations of models with horizontal grid spacings of 20, 5, 2, 1 and 0.5 km over Kyushu in the Baiu seasons of 2009-2020. The 2-km grid model improves simulated precipitation to the 5-km grid models with and without cumulus parameterization. Further decreasing the gird spacing from 2 km to 1 and 0.5 km reduces the dependency of the frequency biases on intensities of hourly precipitation and mitigates the excessive concentration of heavy precipitation in small scale, approaching that of the radar/raingauge analysis. The features of individual deep moist convections, specifically the horizontal scale of updrafts, the representation of downdrafts and the number of convections, start to converge when the grid spacing is reduced from 1 to 0.5 km. The results suggest models with grid spacing of 1 km or less are needed to resolve deep moist convections and represent the resulting precipitations. The 2-km grid models can partly resolve the deep moist convections, but their effective resolution is still insufficient, requiring some parameterizations to simulate convective precipitations appropriately.
著者
SHIN Hayoung
出版者
日本労務学会
雑誌
日本労務学会誌 (ISSN:18813828)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.21, no.2, pp.44-57, 2021-02-01 (Released:2021-05-26)
参考文献数
47

The purpose of this paper is to direct attention to prosocial motivation, which has been attracting increasing interest recently in organizational behavior research, as well as to examine how it has been applied and developed in organizational behavior research, while summarizing its conceptual development. Prosocial motivation was originally considered from interest in the factors that arouse prosocial behavior. Study has progressed since then, however, and it has developed as part of motivation research as the desire or motive to benefit others’ welfare—particularly in the field of organizational behavior research. From this background, the paper points out that differences in orientation and hierarchy are observed when the concept of prosocial motivation is compared in early research and in recent organizational behavior research, and it summarizes the conceptual differences. Furthermore, in empirical research in the organizational behavior field, prosocial motivation research is generated from interest in topics such as prosocial behavior in organizations and prosocial job design; research on the antecedents of prosocial motivation is also increasing. Finally, the paper discusses future research subjects based on this accumulation of research.
著者
Koh Ono Satoshi Shizuta Erika Yamamoto Naritatsu Saito Neiko Ozasa Takao Kato Eri Kato Takahiro Horie Junichi Tazaki Hiroki Shiomi Shin Watanabe Hirotoshi Watanabe Yugo Yamashita Yusuke Yoshikawa Hideyuki Kinoshita Takeru Makiyama Yoshinori Yoshida Noboru Ashida Yasuaki Nakagawa Yasuhiro Nakashima Osamu Baba Hirohiko Kohjitani Masahiro Kimura Hideaki Inazumi Takashi Yoshizawa Akihiro Komasa Takeshi Kimura
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.CJ-21-0041, (Released:2021-01-30)
参考文献数
10

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the 84thAnnual Meeting of the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS) was held in a web-based format for the first time in its history as “The Week for JCS 2020” from Monday, July 27 to Sunday, August 2, 2020. All sessions, including general abstracts, were streamed live or on-demand. The main theme of the meeting was “Change Practice!” and the aim was to organize the latest findings in the field of cardiovascular medicine and discuss how to change practice. The total number of registered attendees was over 16,800, far exceeding our expectations, and many of the sessions were viewed by far more people than at conventional face-to-face scientific meetings. At this conference, the power of online information dissemination was fully demonstrated, and the evolution of online academic meetings will be a direction that cannot be reversed in the future. The meeting was completed with great success, and we express our heartfelt gratitude to all affiliates for their enormous amount of work, cooperation, and support.
著者
WANG Chung-Chieh LIN Kuan-Yu DAVIS Christopher A. HUANG Shin-Yi LIU Stefano Chih-Shin TSUBOKI Kazuhisa JOU Ben Jong-Dao
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2020-036, (Released:2020-04-20)
被引用文献数
2

In this study, the impacts of Typhoon Morakot (2009)'s vortex structure on the extreme rainfall in Taiwan are investigated through an application of piecewise potential vorticity (PV) inversion. The control (CTL) experiment, starting at 0000 UTC 7 August or 15 h before landfall, reproduces the event realistically and is validated against the observations. By altering the PV perturbation inside 750 km from its center, we conduct sensitivity experiments in which the size and/or circulation strength of Morakot is reduced/weakened in the initial field in several different ways.  In the sensitivity tests, particularly those where the initial PV within the inner core (≤ 250 km) is significantly weakened, the storm makes landfall earlier, stays over land longer, and exits Taiwan later. Such track changes are accompanied by a contraction and spin-up of the inner core at early stages of the integration, caused by convection/latent heating within the inner core under large-scale low-level southwesterly flow. As a result, Taiwan receives an overall rainfall amount either comparable to, or even more than (up to +12 %), CTL in all tests. Thus, a weaker Morakot does not necessarily lead to less total rainfall over Taiwan, and the strong southwesterly flow and its moisture supply were bigger factors than the vortex structure in this event.   On the other hand, the rainfall in the southern Central Mountain Range on 8 August, which were the most-rainy area and period in reality, tended to decrease by up to 40 % with the contraction and a weaker outer circulation. Thus, the rainfall patterns and evolution in the sensitivity tests are considerably different than those in CTL, indicating that the vortex structure plays an important role in the rainfall of this region.
著者
Hiroshi Imamura Yukio Sekiguchi Tomomi Iwashita Hiroshi Dohgomori Katsunori Mochizuki Kazunori Aizawa Shin-ichi Aso Yuichi Kamiyoshi Uichi Ikeda Jun Amano Kazufumi Okamoto
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.75, no.1, pp.59-66, 2011 (Released:2010-12-24)
参考文献数
37
被引用文献数
45 64 29

Background: Acute aortic dissection (AAD) classically presents as sudden, severe chest, back, or abdominal pain. However, there have been several documented cases presenting with atypical features. The clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with painless AAD were investigated. Methods and Results: The study group comprised 98 patients (53 males, 45 females; 66±12 years) with AAD admitted to hospital from 2002 to 2007: 16 patients (17%) had no pain (Painless group) and 82 patients had pain (Painful group). In 81% of the Painless group and 70% of the Painful group there was a type A dissection. The Painless group more frequently had a persistent disturbance of consciousness (44% vs. 6%, P<0.001), syncope (25% vs. 1%, P<0.001) and a focal neurologic deficit (19% vs. 2%, P=0.006) as presenting symptoms. Imaging study findings were not significantly different. Cerebral ischemia (50% vs. 1%, P<0.001) and cardiac tamponade (38% vs. 13%, P=0.01) were more frequent complications in the Painless group. In-hospital mortality was not significantly different (19% vs. 15%). However, the Painless group had a more unfavorable functional outcome on overall performance category (P<0.001). Conclusions: Painless AAD may be more frequent than previously reported. Painless AAD patients often present with a disturbance of consciousness or a neurologic deficit, and have a higher morbidity than painful AAD patients. (Circ J 2011; 75: 59-66)
著者
Hyunho SHIN Hun-Joo LEE Yo-Han YOO Woong LEE
出版者
The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers
雑誌
JSME International Journal Series A Solid Mechanics and Material Engineering (ISSN:13447912)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.1, pp.35-41, 2004 (Released:2004-07-15)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
4 10

A determination procedure for element elimination criterion in finite element simulation of high-strain-rate impact and penetration phenomena, occurring between tungsten heavy alloy long-rod penetrators and steel targets, has been presented with some demonstrations for the validity of the established criterion. The element elimination criterion for the two types of materials have been determined by comparing the simulated depth of penetration (DOP) and deformed shape of the penetrator with previously available experimental results. Although the criterion affects the simulated DOP significantly at the studied impact velocity of 1500m/s, once established, they are shown to be valid in predicting the DOP in the impact velocity range between 1100 and 1750m/s. The events of partial penetration with severe material deformation such as critical ricochet angle and ricochet phenomenology have also been successfully predicted using the established criterion in the similar impact velocity range. Thus it is suggested that the determination procedure for the suitable element erosion criterion is prerequisite in simulating high-strain-rate impact/penetration phenomena and the criterion established by the procedure is useful in fairly broad range of the velocity and for other similar high-strain-rate events.
著者
Yasuhide Nakamura Akihiro Tuji Wataru Makino Shin-ichiro S. Matsuzaki Nobuaki Nagata Megumi Nakagawa Noriko Takamura
出版者
The Plankton Society of Japan, The Japanese Association of Benthology
雑誌
Plankton and Benthos Research (ISSN:18808247)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, no.1, pp.44-54, 2020-02-28 (Released:2020-03-25)
参考文献数
40
被引用文献数
8

Neomysis awatschensis is an important prey item for various fishes in Lake Kasumigaura, Japan. There is, however, a contradiction concerning the major food sources of this mysid species: whether “bottom mud”, “particulate organic matter (POM) including phytoplankton”, or “mesozooplankton” is the main diet, and this uncertainty may be due to differences in the methodology used to determine the prey items in previous studies. This study examined the main food sources of N. awatschensis by combining three methods to eliminate methodological biases: DNA metabarcoding, microscopy and stable isotope analysis. Planktonic diatoms and green algae sequences were the main taxa detected by DNA metabarcoding and microscopy on the fecal pellets. The δ15N values of the mysids were similar to those of phytoplankton feeders rather than carnivorous planktonic crustaceans. These results suggest that diatoms and green algae were the major food sources for N. awatschensis in Lake Kasumigaura during the investigation period, and that its trophic level is as low as that of herbivores. However, the partial contribution of other “POM” (e.g., benthic diatoms) is also implied, considering the dispersion in δ13C values. Mesozooplankton prey, such as copepods, were detected both using DNA metabarcoding and microscopy, but they could not be a major food source due to the low nitrogen stable isotopic signature of the mysids. The opportunistic feeding habits of N. awatschensis possibly explain the consistent dominance of this species in the lake, where the ecosystem structure was substantially changed because of successive desalination.
著者
Yumiko TAKAHASHI Yutaka MATSUNAGA Yuki TAMURA Shin TERADA Hideo HATTA
出版者
Center for Academic Publications Japan
雑誌
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, no.5, pp.323-330, 2017 (Released:2017-12-08)
参考文献数
47
被引用文献数
4

Previous studies have shown that the short-term intake of a high-fat diet (HFD) impairs glucose metabolism. In this study, we investigated the influences of pre-exercise HFD intake for 3 d on post-exercise glycogen repletion in skeletal muscle in ICR mice. Mice received either an HFD (57% kcal from fat, 23% kcal from carbohydrate; HFD group) or standard laboratory chow (13% kcal from fat, 60% kcal from carbohydrate; Con group) for 3 d before exercise. Mice performed treadmill running at 25 m/min for 60 min and were orally administered a glucose (2 mg/g body weight) solution immediately after and at 60 min after exercise. A negative main effect of pre-exercise HFD intake was observed for skeletal muscle glycogen concentration from the pre-exercise phase to 120 min of post-exercise recovery (p<0.01). Blood glucose concentration in the HFD group was significantly higher than in the Con group at 120 min after exercise (p<0.01). No significant difference was observed in plasma insulin concentration. There were no significant between-group differences in the phosphorylation state of Akt Thr308, AMPK Thr172, AS160 Thr642, or glycogen synthase Ser641 or in glucose transporter 4 protein levels during post-exercise recovery. Our results suggest that the intake of a pre-exercise HFD for 3 d affects post-exercise glycogen repletion in skeletal muscle without impairing the insulin signaling cascade.
著者
Hideki Origuchi Haruki Itoh Shin-ichi Momomura Ryuji Nohara Hiroyuki Daida Takashi Masuda Masahiro Kohzuki Shigeru Makita Kenji Ueshima Masatoshi Nagayama Kazuto Omiya Hitoshi Adachi Yoichi Goto
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.CJ-19-0650, (Released:2020-02-08)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
15

Background:There is little evidence regarding the effect of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR) on exercise capacity or the long-term prognosis in patients after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). This study aimed to determine whether participation in outpatient CR improves exercise capacity and long-term prognosis in post-CABG Japanese patients in a multicenter cohort.Methods and Results:We enrolled 346 post-CABG patients who underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing during early (2–3 weeks) and late (3–6 months) time points after surgery. They formed the Active (n=240) and Non-Active (n=106) CR participation groups and were followed for 3.5 years. Primary endpoint was a major adverse cardiac event (MACE): all-cause death or rehospitalization for acute myocardial infarction/unstable angina/worsening heart failure. Peak oxygen uptake at 3–5 months from baseline was significantly more increased in Active than in Non-Active patients (+26±24% vs. +19±20%, respectively; P<0.05), and the MACE rate was significantly lower in Active than Non-Active patients (3.4% vs. 10.5%, respectively; P=0.02). Multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis showed that participation in outpatient CR was a significant prognostic determinant of MACE (P=0.03).Conclusions:This unique study showed that a multicenter cohort of patients who underwent CABG and actively participated in outpatient CR exhibited greater improvement in exercise capacity and better survival without cardiovascular events than their counterparts who did not participate.
著者
Masatsugu Hori Masayasu Matsumoto Norio Tanahashi Shin-ichi Momomura Shinichiro Uchiyama Shinya Goto Tohru Izumi Yukihiro Koretsune Mariko Kajikawa Masaharu Kato Hitoshi Ueda Kazuya Iwamoto Masahiro Tajiri on behalf of the J-ROCKET AF study investigators
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.76, no.9, pp.2104-2111, 2012 (Released:2012-08-24)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
304 507

Background: The global ROCKET AF study evaluated once-daily rivaroxaban vs. warfarin for stroke and systemic embolism prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). A separate trial, J-ROCKET AF, compared the safety of a Japan-specific rivaroxaban dose with warfarin administered according to Japanese guidelines in Japanese patients with AF. Methods and Results: J-ROCKET AF was a prospective, randomized, double-blind, phase III trial. Patients (n=1,280) with non-valvular AF at increased risk for stroke were randomized to receive 15mg once-daily rivaroxaban or warfarin dose-adjusted according to Japanese guidelines. The primary objective was to determine non-inferiority of rivaroxaban against warfarin for the principal safety outcome of major and non-major clinically relevant bleeding, in the on-treatment safety population. The primary efficacy endpoint was the composite of stroke and systemic embolism. Non-inferiority of rivaroxaban to warfarin was confirmed; the rate of the principal safety outcome was 18.04% per year in rivaroxaban-treated patients and 16.42% per year in warfarin-treated patients (hazard ratio [HR] 1.11; 95% confidence interval 0.87–1.42; P<0.001 [non-inferiority]). Intracranial hemorrhage rates were 0.8% with rivaroxaban and 1.6% with warfarin. There was a strong trend for a reduction in the rate of stroke/systemic embolism with rivaroxaban vs. warfarin (HR, 0.49; P=0.050). Conclusions: J-ROCKET AF demonstrated the safety of a Japan-specific rivaroxaban dose and supports bridging the global ROCKET AF results into Japanese clinical practice.  (Circ J 2012; 76: 2104–2111)
著者
Yukihiro Koretsune Takuma Etoh Yousuke Katsuda Tetsuro Suetsugu Kenshi Kumeda Ichiro Sakuma Kenichi Eshima Mitsuhiro Shibuya Shin-ichi Ando Naoto Yokota Shinya Goto Karen S. Pieper Jagan Allu Ajay K. Kakkar for the GARFIELD-AF Investigators
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.CJ-18-0655, (Released:2018-12-04)
参考文献数
20
被引用文献数
11

Background: Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective non-interventional study of stroke prevention in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular AF (NAVF) that is being conducted in 35 countries. Methods and Results: A total of 52,081 patients with a new diagnosis of NVAF were enrolled prospectively in GARFIELD-AF. Of these, 4859 (9.3%) were recruited in Japan (2010–2016). In cohort 1 (2010–2011), few patients were on non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOAC) globally. From cohort 2 onwards (2011–2016), however, there was a rapid increase in NOAC use around the globe, especially in Japan. By the last year of enrolment (2015–2016), 67.9% of patients in Japan and 43.1% of patients globally were on NOAC±antiplatelet therapy (AP). In Japan and globally, 17.0% and 12.2% of patients, respectively, did not receive stroke prevention treatment. Few patients in Japan (5.7%) received AP only. Compared with the other countries, the unadjusted rates of all-cause mortality and major bleeding were low, while rates of stroke/systemic embolism were similar after 1 year of follow-up. Conclusions: GARFIELD-AF continues to provide important information on the homogeneity and heterogeneity of baseline characteristics and treatment patterns in patients with newly diagnosed NVAF. This diversity reflects the differences in outcomes in Japan compared with the rest of the world.
著者
Ryohei MISUMI Namiko SAKURAI Takeshi MAESAKA Shin-ichi SUZUKI Shingo SHIMIZU Koyuru IWANAMI
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.96A, pp.51-66, 2018 (Released:2018-02-19)
参考文献数
26
被引用文献数
4

Convective storms are frequently initiated over mountains under weak synoptic forcing conditions. However, the initiation process of such convective storms is not well understood due to a lack of observations, especially the transition process from non-precipitating cumuli to precipitating convective clouds. To investigate the initiation process, we conducted observations around the mountains in the Kanto region, Japan on 18 August 2011 using a 35 GHz (Ka-band) Doppler radar and a pair of digital cameras. The evolution of convective clouds was classified into three stages: convective clouds visible but not detected by the Ka-band radar (stage 0), convective clouds detectable by the Ka-band radar with reflectivity below 15 dBZ (stage 1), and convective clouds accompanied by descending echoes corresponding to precipitation (stage 2). During the transition process from stage 1 to stage 2, weak radar echoes rose to the higher level and reflectivity rapidly increased. This phenomenon suggests that drizzle particles produced in a preexisting convective cloud were lifted by a newly developed updraft, and raindrops were formed rapidly by coalescence of the drizzle particles and cloud droplets. This hypothetical process explains the precipitation echo formation in the lower layer frequently observed in the mountainous area in the Kanto region.
著者
Shin-Jun Park Joong-San Wang
出版者
The Society of Physical Therapy Science
雑誌
Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.12, pp.2212-2214, 2017 (Released:2017-12-13)
参考文献数
12
被引用文献数
8

[Purpose] This study was conducted to compare the immediate effects of different electrotherapies on the gait parameters for stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] Thirty patients with stroke were randomly assigned either to the functional electrical stimulation group or the transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation group, with 15 patients in each group. Each electrotherapy was performed for 30 minutes simultaneously with the therapeutic exercise, and the changes in the spatial and temporal parameters of gait were measured. [Results] After the intervention, a significant, immediate improvement in cadence and speed was observed only in the functional electrical stimulation group. [Conclusion] Based on this study, functional electrical stimulation that stimulates motor nerves of the dorsiflexor muscles on the paretic side is recommended to achieve immediate improvement in the gait ability of stroke patients.
著者
Suk Chul SHIN Yu Mi KANG Young Woo JIN Hee Sun KIM
出版者
Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会
雑誌
Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.3, pp.261-266, 2009 (Released:2009-06-16)
参考文献数
34
被引用文献数
18

This study evaluated the effects of low dose radiation on spermatogenic cells using the morphological characteristics of sperm in the caudal epididymis of ICR mice. In this study, six abnormal sperm shapes (amorphous heads, blunt hooks, excessive hooks, two heads and tails, folded tails and short tails) were observed at eight days after γ-irradiation (137Cs, 0, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2 or 4 Gy) with both a high-dose-rate (0.8 Gy/min) and a low-dose-rate (0.7 mGy/hr). Fewer abnormal forms of sperm were observed in low-dose-rate irradiated mice than in mice that received a high-dose-rate irradiation (P = 0.002). The ratio of the dose rate effect among low-dose-rate irradiated mice to high-dose-rate irradiated mice was approximately 0.6. In addition, sperm with blunt hooks and two heads and tails significantly increased in number after irradiation, potentially providing an endpoint marker for estimating the effects of radiation. This study suggests that low-dose-rate (0.7 mGy/hr) radiation does not damage stem spermatogonia and probably stimulates repair in damaged spermatogonial stem cells in male mice.
著者
Miki Hattori Jun Matsumoto Shin-Ya Ogino Takeshi Enomoto Takemasa Miyoshi
出版者
(公社)日本気象学会
雑誌
SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, pp.75-79, 2016 (Released:2016-03-08)
参考文献数
17
被引用文献数
6

The impact of additional radiosonde observations during the Vietnam-Philippines Rainfall Experiment 2010 (VPREX2010) was investigated by performing observing system experiments using the local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF) and the atmospheric general circulation model for the Earth Simulator (AFES). During the experimental period from 15 September to 15 October, 2010, a westward-propagating disturbance was developed in the South China Sea and caused heavy rainfall on the east coast of Vietnam and Hainan Island. By assimilating the additional radiosondes, significant increases in wind speed, temperature and specific humidity were detected in the lower troposphere around the disturbance. In addition, the analysis ensemble spread for meridional wind decreased by 5-25% across the Indochina Peninsula, Philippines Sea and western Pacific to the south of Japan. Moreover, winds became stronger around the disturbance due to the additional observations, and the ensemble spread for wind speed became larger. The results show that the disturbance in an early stage of development was not well detected in the South China Sea without the use of additional radiosonde observations. Therefore, it is suggested that continuous and intensive radiosonde observations in Vietnam and the Philippines are essential for the improvement of the objective analysis of such disturbances.
著者
Ban Hiroshi Yamamoto Hiroki Hanakawa Takashi Urayama Shin-Ichi Aso Toshihiko Fukuyama Hidenao Ejima Yoshimichi
出版者
The Society for Neuroscience
雑誌
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience (ISSN:02706474)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.33, no.43, pp.16992-17007, 2013-10-23
被引用文献数
35

モノの背後を見る脳の仕組みを解明 -視対象の部分像から全体像を復元する第1次視覚野の活動をfMRIで観察-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-10-23.
著者
Masaki Ishihara Yuka Takagi Gefei Li Masato Noguchi Shin-ichiro Shoda
出版者
(社)日本化学会
雑誌
Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.130646, (Released:2013-08-02)
被引用文献数
10

A convenient protection-free synthetic route toward alkyl glycosides has been developed. The alcoholysis of one-step preparable glycosyl donors, 4,6-dibenzyloxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl (DBT) glycosides, under hydrogenolytic conditions gave the corresponding glycosides in good yields without adding any acid promoters. The method could be successfully applied to the glycosylation of an acid-labile oligosaccharide.
著者
Toyotaka SATO Shin-ichi YOKOTA Torahiko OKUBO Kanako ISHIHARA Hiroshi UENO Yasukazu MURAMATSU Nobuhiro FUJII Yutaka TAMURA
出版者
公益社団法人 日本獣医学会
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.12-0186, (Released:2012-11-14)
被引用文献数
8 30

Fluoroquinolone resistance is mainly caused by mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV in Escherichia coli. The AcrAB-TolC efflux pump contributes to resistance against fluoroquinolone and other antimicrobials. In this study, we investigated a high-level mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli that was isolated from human clinical samples and canine fecal samples. E. coli strains with high levels of fluoroquinolone resistance have been found to be frequently resistant to cephalosporins. Strains with high-level fluoroquinolone resistance exhibited lower intracellular enrofloxacin (ENR) concentrations, higher expression of AcrA, and a greater reduction in the fluoroquinolone minimum inhibitory concentration for treatment with an efflux pump inhibitor. The frequency of strains with enhanced ENR resistance selection and the survival rate of E. coli in the presence of ENR in vitro were correlated well with AcrA protein expression levels in the parental strains. These results suggest that AcrAB-TolC efflux pump over-expression is related to high-level fluoroquinolone resistance and the selection of strains with enhanced fluoroquinolone resistance.