著者

柘植 新 園田 直子 Shin Tsuge Naoko Sonoda

出版者

国立民族学博物館

雑誌

国立民族学博物館調査報告 = Senri Ethnological Reports (ISSN:13406787)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.183-194, 2003-02-28

著者

Ryuji Sakakibara Hirokazu Doi Shin Fukudo

出版者

The Japan Society of Coloproctology

雑誌

Journal of the Anus, Rectum and Colon (ISSN:24323853)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.10-17, 2019-01-25 (Released:2019-01-29)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

2 23

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We systematically reviewed literature regarding "Lewy body constipation", i.e., constipation due to Lewy body diseases (LBD), with minimal neurologic symptoms. Epidemiology and pathology studies showed that LBD can start with constipation alone, mostly due to neuronal loss and appearance of Lewy bodies in the myenteric plexus. Because LBD significantly increases with age, "Lewy body constipation" may also increase with age. Neuroimaging methods such as metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy and dopamine transporter (DAT) scan provide a way to detect "Lewy body constipation." Key for "Lewy body constipation" includes minimal non-motor features such as REM sleep behavior disorder (night talking). Add-on therapy may be required to ameliorate constipation in patients. Diagnosis is not always easy; therefore, collaboration of gastroenterologists and neurologists is highly recommended to maximize patients' quality of life. In conclusion, "Lewy body constipation" might become a distinct category among geriatric constipation, regarding patients' follow-up and their management.

著者

Lin Wei JONG Takayuki FUJIWARA Hisayoshi NOZAKI Shin-ya MIYAGISHIMA

出版者

The Japan Academy

雑誌

Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B (ISSN:03862208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.10, pp.832-840, 2017-12-11 (Released:2017-12-11)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

7

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Volvocine algae constitute a green algal lineage comprising unicellular Chlamydomonas, four-celled Tetrabaena, eight to 32-celled Gonium, and others up to Volvox spp., which consist of up to 50,000 cells. These algae proliferate by multiple fissions with cellular growth up to several fold in size and subsequent successive cell divisions. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells produce two to 32 daughter cells by one to five divisions, depending on cellular growth in the G1 phase. By contrast, in this study, we found that Tetrabaena socialis and Gonium pectorale cells mostly produced four and eight daughter cells by two and three successive divisions, respectively. In contrast to C. reinhardtii, which is committed to cell division when the cell has grown two-fold, T. socialis and G. pectorale are committed only when the cells have grown four- and eight-fold, respectively. Thus, our results suggest that evolutionary changes in cellular size for commitment largely contributes to the emergence and evolution of multicellularity in volvocine algae.

著者

Atsushi Ishihara Kana Ando Anna Yoshioka Koichi Murata Yu Kokubo Noriko Morimoto Naoki Ube Yukinori Yabuta Makoto Ueno Shin-ichi Tebayashi Kotomi Ueno Kumiko Osaki-Oka

出版者

Pesticide Science Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Pesticide Science (ISSN:1348589X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.2, pp.89-96, 2019-05-20 (Released:2019-05-20)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

10

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We investigated the effect of treatment with hot water extracts from the spent mushroom substrates (SMSs) of Lentinula edodes and Hypsizygus marmoreus on the resistance of rice leaves to Pyricularia oryzae infection. The spraying of the SMS extracts clearly suppressed the development of lesions caused by Py. oryzae infection. The accumulation of phytoalexins momilactones A and B, oryzalexin A, and sakuranetin was markedly induced by the spraying of extracts. The enhanced expression of defense related genes PR1b and PBZ was also found in leaves sprayed with the extracts. Treatments with the extracts also affected phytohormone levels. The levels of N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine and trans-zeatin markedly increased in response to treatment, whereas the levels of salicylic and jasmonic acids were largely unchanged.

著者

FUKUI Shin IWASAKI Toshiki SAITO Kazuo SEKO Hiromu KUNII Masaru

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2018-056, (Released:2018-09-14)

被引用文献数

10

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The feasibility of regional reanalysis assimilating only conventional observations was investigated as an alternative to dynamical downscaling to estimate the past three-dimensional high-resolution atmospheric fields with long-term homogeneity over about 60 years. The two types of widely applied dynamical downscaling approaches have problems. One with a serial long-term time-integration often fails to reproduce synoptic-scale systems and precipitation patterns. The other with frequent reinitializations underestimates precipitation due to insufficient spin-up. To address these problems maintaining long-term homogeneity, we proposed the regional reanalysis assimilating only the conventional observations. We examined it paying special attention to summer precipitation, through one-month experiment before conducting a long-term reanalysis. The system is designed to assimilate surface pressure and radiosonde upper-air observations, using the Japan Meteorological Agency's nonhydrostatic model (NHM) and the local ensemble transform Kalman filter (LETKF). It covers Japan and its surrounding area with a 5-km grid spacing and East Asia with a 25-km grid spacing, applying one-way double nesting in the Japanese 55-year reanalysis (JRA-55). The regional reanalysis overcomes the problems with both types of dynamical downscaling approaches. It reproduces actual synoptic-scale systems and precipitation patterns better. It also realistically describes spatial variability and precipitation intensity. The 5-km grid spacing regional reanalysis reproduces frequency of heavy precipitation and describes anomalous local fields affected by topography such as circulations and solar radiation better than the coarser reanalyses. We optimized the NHM-LETKF for long-term reanalysis by sensitivity experiments. The lateral boundary perturbations derived from an empirical orthogonal function analysis of JRA-55 brings stable analysis, saving computational costs. The ensemble size of at least 30 is needed because further reduction significantly degrades the analysis. The deterministic run from non-perturbed analysis is adopted as first guess in LETKF, instead of the ensemble mean of perturbed runs, enabling reasonable simulation of spatial variability in the atmosphere and precipitation intensity.

著者

Shin-ichi HAYAMA Sachie NAKIRI Fumiharu KONNO

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.6, pp.809-812, 2011 (Released:2011-07-05)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

4 11

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This study is the first to determine the conception dates of specific individuals and estimate the pregnancy rate of a wild population in Japanese monkeys. The conception dates estimated from the embryonic ages of 37 fetuses were distributed over 128 days between September 17 and January 23, with a mean conception date of November 19 (SD=29.2 days). A comparison of the mean conception dates among age groups showed a significantly delayed conception in the subadult animals (aged 4 to 5 years; December 5, n=8) than in the adult animals (aged 6 or more years; November 15, n=29; P<0.03). The mean pregnancy rate among animals aged 4 years or more in this local population was estimated to be 48.5% (32/66).

著者

稲葉 振一郎 INABA Shin-ichiro

出版者

明治学院大学社会学部付属研究所

雑誌

研究所年報 (ISSN:09114831)

巻号頁・発行日

no.43, pp.27-43, 2013-03

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本稿では、「政治」という言葉、概念の自分なりの定義を試みる。ここでの「政治」という言葉は、現代英語の"politics"という言葉の対応語、翻訳語と考えていただいて構わない。現代の日本語における通常の使われ方から極端に外れることなく、しかもある程度明晰で厳密な思考を可能とするような定義づけをここでは試みていく。 そこでは当然、我々の日常的な言葉づかい、更にはジャーナリズムでの政治談議を意識しつつも、もう少し厳密な言葉づかいを行っている領域を参考にする。その場合当然ながらアカデミックな政治科学や公法学の用語法は念頭に置かれるだろう。しかし更にとりわけ本稿で重要な手掛かりとして用いられるのは、ハンナ・アレントとミシェル・フーコーの言葉づかいである。

著者

Miyako Ariga Yosuke Yoneyama Toshiaki Fukushima Yuri Ishiuchi Takayuki Ishii Hitoshi Sato Fumihiko Hakuno Taku Nedachi Shin-Ichiro Takahashi

出版者

(社)日本内分泌学会

雑誌

Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.EJ16-0319, (Released:2016-12-13)

被引用文献数

12

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In skeletal muscle, sortilin plays a predominant role in the sorting of glucose transporter 4 (Glut4), thereby controlling glucose uptake. Moreover, our previous study suggested that the sortilin expression levels are also implicated in myogenesis. Despite the importance of sortilin in skeletal muscle, however, the regulation of sortilin expression has not been completely understood. In the present study, we analyzed if the sortilin expression is regulated by glucose in C2C12 myocytes and rat skeletal muscles in vivo. Sortilin protein expression was elevated upon C2C12 cell differentiation and was further enhanced in the presence of a high concentration of glucose. The gene expression and protein degradation of sortilin were not affected by glucose. On the other hand, rapamycin partially reduced sortilin induction by a high concentration of glucose, which suggested that sortilin translation could be regulated by glucose, at least in part. We also examined if the sortilin regulation by glucose was also observed in skeletal muscles that were obtained from fed or fasted rats. Sortilin expression in both gastrocnemius and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle was significantly decreased by 17-18h of starvation. On the other hand, pathological levels of high blood glucose did not alter the sortilin expression in rat skeletal muscle. Overall, the present study suggests that sortilin protein levels are reduced under hypoglycemic conditions by post-transcriptional control in skeletal muscles.

著者

Jin Hee Woo Ki Ok Shin Yul Hyo Lee Ki Soeng Jang Ju Yong Bae Hee Tae Roh

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.4, pp.1260-1265, 2016 (Released:2016-04-28)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

8

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[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of regular treadmill exercise on skeletal muscle Rictor-Akt and mTOR-Raptor-S6K1 signaling pathway in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. [Subjects and Methods] Four- week-old C57BL/6 mice were adopted and classified into normal diet group (ND, n = 10), normal diet and training group (NDT, n = 10), high-fat diet group (HF, n = 10), and high-fat diet and training group (HFT, n = 10). The exercise program consisted of a treadmill exercise provided at low intensity for 1–4 weeks, and moderate intensity for 5–8 weeks. [Results] The Western blot method was used to measure the expression of mTOR, Raptor, S6K1, Rictor, and Akt proteins in the soleus muscle. mTOR levels were significantly higher in the HF group than in the ND and NDT groups. Raptor/mTORC1 and S6K1 levels were significantly higher in the HF group than in all the other groups. Akt levels were significantly lower in the HF group than in the NDT group. The risk of obesity may be associated with the overactivation of the mTOR-Raptor-S6K1 signaling pathway and a decrease in Akt levels. [Conclusion] This study also indicates that performing aerobic exercise may be associated with the downregulation of the mTOR-Raptor-S6K1 pathway.

著者

Atsuko Uragami Reiichirou Ueno Atsushi Yamasaki Kentaro Matsuo Takayuki Yamaguchi Hideo Tokiwa Tamio Takizawa Hiroaki Sakai Takao Ikeuchi Shin-ichi Watanabe Kuninori Matsunaga Miyuki Kunihisa Hiroaki Kitazawa Satoru Motoki

出版者

一般社団法人 園芸学会

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.MI-115, (Released:2016-03-30)

被引用文献数

11

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This study analyzes the first large-scale asparagus experiment in Japan to examine the productive differences between male and female plants using the rootstock-planting forcing culture technique. This technique has recently been developed in Japan and uses dug-up rootstocks for one-season harvests during the off-crop season. As larger spears and early sprouting are especially favored in this culture for higher yield, it is important to clarify and evaluate the productive traits of the male and female plants. We conducted collaborative research among eight institutes from Hokkaido to Kyushu to examine plants grown at different cultivation sites. There were two digging-up months and different low-temperature backgrounds. Plant rootstocks sourced from the eight different sites used in the experiment were cultured in an abandoned tunnel in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, in a large area with uniform temperature and high humidity throughout the year, and their white spears were harvested. The results of this study show that the female plants had a significantly higher rootstock weight, weight per spear per plant, and weight per early spear per plant, whereas the male plants had a significantly higher total spear number per plant, early spear number per plant, and significantly fewer days to first harvest. No significant differences were observed in soluble solid contents of roots, total spear weight per plant, or early spear weight per plant. It seems that male plants have a tendency to sprout earlier than female plants in response to reduced accumulated low temperature hours, and also to produce a higher total spear number per rootstock weight and total spear weight per rootstock weight. The ranges of most of the productive traits analyzed in this study completely overlapped between the sexes. However, female plants showed higher variation in weight per spear per plant and weight per early spear per plant.

著者

MATOBA Sumito(的場澄人) MOTOYAMA Hideaki(本山秀明) FUJITA Koji(藤田耕史) YAMASAKI Tetsuhide(山崎哲秀) MINOWA Masahiro(箕輪昌紘) ONUMA Yukihiko(大沼友貴彦) KOMURO Yuki(小室悠紀) AOKI Teruo(青木輝夫) YAMAGUCHI Satoru(山口悟) SUGIYAMA Shin(杉山慎) ENOMOTO Hiroyuki(榎本浩之)

出版者

公益社団法人 日本雪氷学会

雑誌

Bulletin of Glaciological Research (ISSN:13453807)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, pp.7-14, 2015 (Released:2015-12-08)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

10

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During spring 2014, we drilled an ice core on the northwestern Greenland Ice Sheet, recovering a core of total length 225m. We also conducted stratigraphic observations, measurements of the density of the ice core, near-infrared photography of the ice core, preparation of liquid samples for chemical analysis, and measurements of borehole temperature. The pore close-off depth was 60m, and the temperature in the borehole was −25.6°C at a depth of 10m. In addition, we conducted snow-pit observations, ice-velocity and surface-elevation measurements using the global positioning system (GPS), meteorological observations, and installation of an automated weather station (AWS).

著者

Youna Lee Mary Myong Sook Shin Wanhee Lee

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.12, pp.3619-3622, 2015 (Released:2015-12-28)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

9

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[Purpose] The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of shoulder stability exercise on pain and function in neck pain patients. [Subjects] The study design consisted of a shoulder stability exercise group and a control group. [Methods] The effects of the therapies were evaluated using a visual analog scale of pain, a pressure pain threshold, neck disability index, cervical range of motion, and a closed kinetic chain test. Each group received treatment five times per week for 4 weeks. [Results] Pain levels showed no significant differences between groups, while pain threshold in all muscles, showed significant increases for both control groups. Neck disability significantly decreased for both groups and the differences between the groups were statistically significant. Ranges of motion and limb stability were measured before and after the exercise period. Flexion, extension, and right rotation were not significantly different between groups. The results showed no significant differences in shoulder stability between the groups. [Conclusion] The use of this exercise should have pronounced effects on pain reduction and functional improvement and should also improve the quality of life in patients with neck pain.

著者

橘 真一 タチバナ シンイチ Tachibana Shin'ichi

出版者

大阪大学人間科学部社会学・人間学・人類学研究室

雑誌

年報人間科学 (ISSN:02865149)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, pp.99-113, 2012-03-31

著者

Kenichi NAGAOKA Mitsutaka ISOBE Kazuo TOI Kazuyuki GOTO Masaki OSAKABE Tsuyoshi AKIYAMA Chihiro SUZUKI Shin NISHIMURA Yasuhiko TAKEIRI Kiyomasa Y. WATANABE Keisuke MATSUOKA Shoichi OKAMURA CHS experimental group

出版者

(社)プラズマ・核融合学会

雑誌

Plasma and Fusion Research (ISSN:18806821)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.S1092-S1092, 2007 (Released:2008-02-26)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

5 4

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A hybrid directional probe method both “thermal and Langmuir probe” was applied for fast ion measurements in the compact helical system. In order to obtain absolute values of fast ion density and power density, a calibration of the probe was performed using neutral hydrogen beam and a mixture beam of hydrogen and proton, of which beam current and energy were controlled. The conversion factor from temperature increase of the probe head to local power density and secondary electron emission yield was obtained. The density of fast ions was obtained by directional thermal probe (DTP) method inside the last closed flux surface, and the density ratio was nFastIon/nBulkPlasma = 2.7 × 10-3 at r/a = 0.9. The observation of the directional Langmuir probe (DLP) method is consistent with the DTP results.

著者

Reo TAMAI Masaru FURUYA Shingo HATOYA Hideo AKIYOSHI Ryohei YAMAMOTO Yoshiaki KOMORI Shin-ichi YOKOI Kenichiro TANI Yuji HIRANO Masayuki KOMORI Shigeo TAKENAKA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.14-0043, (Released:2014-08-13)

被引用文献数

3 14

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Canine lymphoma is a common cancer that has high rates of complete remission with combination chemotherapy. However, the duration of remission varies based on multiple factors, and there is a need to develop a method for early detection of recurrence. In this study, we compared the metabolites profiles in serum from 21 dogs with lymphoma and 13 healthy dogs using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The lymphoma group was separated from the control group in an orthogonal projection to latent structure with discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) plot using ions of m/z 100–600, indicating that the metabolites profiles in lymphoma cases differed from those in healthy dogs. The lymphoma group was also separated from the control group on OPLS-DA plot using 29 metabolites identified in all serum samples. Significant differences were found for 16 of these metabolites with higher levels in the lymphoma group for 15 of the metabolites and lower levels for inositol. An OPLS-DA plot showed separation of the lymphoma and healthy groups using these 16 metabolites only. These results indicate that metabolites profile with GC-MS may be a useful tool for detection of potential biomarker and diagnosis of canine lymphoma.

著者

Todoroki Shin-ichi

出版者

Kyoto University

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1-308, 1993-03-23

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学位授与大学:京都大学;学位の種類:博士(工学);学位記番号:工博第1285号;学位授与日付:1993-03-23

著者

小笠原 真 小笠原 真 OGASAWARA Shin

出版者

奈良教育大学

雑誌

奈良教育大学紀要 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.p33-50, 1989-11

著者

Woo-Jin SHIN Young-Kyung KIM Kwang-Hee LEE Baik-Lin SEONG

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.3, pp.581-584, 2012-03-23 (Released:2012-03-23)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

8 1

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Based on the broad-spectrum antiviral effect of green tea catechins, we established an experimental skin contact model for influenza virus transmission and evaluated the use of a green tea solution as a first-hand disinfectant. The infectivity of the virus on the skin cell layer became obsolete when washed with the green tea solution. The skin contact model could be applied to develop non-pharmaceutical intervention measures for reducing human transmission of the influenza virus.

著者

Shin-etsu SUGAWARA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Mechanical Engineering Journal (ISSN:21879745)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23-00375, (Released:2023-12-07)

参考文献数

53

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The recent trend of nuclear reactor miniaturization may require reconsideration of the existing framework of safety. This study conceptually explores the safety goals for transportable microreactors (TMRs) by focusing on the differences between large light-water reactors (LLWRs), which contain large amounts of hazardous fission products and TMRs. For LLWRs, the safety goals and surrogate goals representing the integrity of the reactor have played a significant role in reducing the negative health effects of radiation exposure in cases of nuclear disasters. Practitioners, notably the operator, have typically been classified as the main users of these goals. However, the innovative feature of TMRs will lead to the reconsideration of the contents and users of safety goals. The size of the radiological consequences of TMR accidents may highlight the need to capture broader consequences other than direct health effects when formulating the top-level goals. Correspondingly, additional surrogates for representing the interplay between the reactor and surrounding areas may be required. Effectively meeting these new goals only by the efforts of licensees may be a challenge; this indicates a need for the local actors wherein the TMRs are deployed to become the extended users of safety goals. Conceptualizing such new framework of microreactor safety goals as “extended safety goals” as an extension of conventional safety goals for LLWRs, the author discusses their implications and challenges.

著者

北岡 伸一 キタオカ シンイチ Shin-ichi Kitaoka

雑誌

立教法学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.202-257, 1985-09-30