著者

岡本 祐輝

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.612, pp.115-122, 2007

被引用文献数

2 2

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The Public Moral District "Fuki-chiku" which was provided for by Former City Planning Act (1919) was one of the Zoning measures to control the entertainment and amusement trades (such as bars, restaurants, etc.), the gay quarters or the red-light districts. However there was no "Fuki-chiku" district designated. In this paper, the auther tries to clarify the concept of "Fuki-chiku" and why it had not been designated. The provision of "Fuki-chiku" turning into a dead letter was caused by not only the defect of the law but also the political pressure and the social resistance.

著者

成田 健一 植村 明子 三坂 育正

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.545, pp.71-78, 2001

被引用文献数

15 5 8

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Water bodies in urban area have been expected to mitigate the urban heat island as well as green space. In this paper, we showed the results of observations about heat budget at river water and moving observations to clarify horizontal extent of its thermal effects. Diurnal variations of sensible heat flux estimated by several methods corresponded closely with each other, though these values didn't exceed 100W/m2 even in the peak about midday. Estimated heat storage term occupied more than 90% of net radiation during daytime. According to the numerical simulation, observed water temperature variation required equivalent heat conductivity for actual stirred water about forty times as much as that of stagnant water. This heat balance is completely different from that of green space characterized large latent heat flux. On the other hand, horizontal sensible heat flux from adjacent built-up area to the river space also estimated by eddy correlation method at riverside terrace. Turbulent heat flux across the river-edge amounted to 250W/m2 in daytime, which greatly surpassed vertical sensible heat flux at water surface. The horizontal limits of river-effect along the street crossing the river were about 300m from river-edge, and there was no clear relation between this limits and wind speed.

著者

溝口 明則 中川 武 浅野 隆 斉藤 直弥

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.612, pp.131-138, 2007

被引用文献数

1 2

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Although there are a variety of arguments and conclusions, the dimensional plan system of the Khmer architecture is not achieved collective conclusion over the years. Concerning this issue, the main purpose of this study is to indicate the construction measure of the Khmer period through the comparative analysis between Thommanon Temple Complex and Banteay Samre Temple Complex, which are suitable examples on account of the construction period, located region, and the scale of complex.The conclusions of this analysis are; 1. these two monuments are clearly recognized to be subjected to the whole number plan system, 2. the construction measure of the Angkor Wat period is estimated around 412mm.

著者

奥冨 利幸

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.632, pp.2229-2234, 2008-10

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In this paper, first I clarify the formation of the theory of theatrical reform and the state of construction of improved theaters that were based on reforms in theatrical performance. Then I consider the influences on architecture of the reform of theatrical performance. Through the question of the Imperial Theater performance (a reaction to the 1911 request for a Noh performance at the Imperial Theater), which was a debate in the world of Noh, I examine, through the opinions and dissatisfactions of relevant figures regarding Noh theaters, the influence of the reform theaters on Noh theaters.

著者

内藤 和彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.468, pp.189-197, 1995

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In Korean construction field, so many Japanese style words have been used. This paper makes clear this reality, by translation of Korean construction field slang, recorded in the Korean dictionary of architecture. This dictionary records 1,448 slang words. In these slang words, Korean slang words are 13, Korean reading words of the Chinese character are 7, Japanese-Korean compound words are 19, Japanese style words are 1, 385, and unknown slang words are 24 words. These Japanese style words suggest not only these words were used in Korean construction field, but so many Japanese architectual techniques, about in 1,910〜1,945, were remained or fixed in Korea.

著者

小林 衛

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.550, pp.281-286, 2001

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This paper deals with Carlo Maderno's construction-principle of church facade in the first period of 17th century. This paper, especially, takes up S. Susanna in Rome, which regarded as a milestone of Baroque, and pays attention to typical churches of Counter-Reformation, for example II Gesu in Rome, and S. Fedele in Milan.The purpose of this paper is to show Maderno's treatment of wall according to analysis of architectural order on the facades, clarifying division of the wall from frame of the order. In a word, Maderno's method acquires plasticity of wall, independent of the order.

著者

河田 健

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.693, pp.2373-2378, 2013-11-30 (Released:2014-07-10)

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This paper analyzed the design process and contents of The Saito Ho-on kai Museum.•At the beginning,It was a building program of The Saito Ho-on kai Headquarters, Tsuyoshi Ogura was a jdging committee of competition. Next year it became a museum program, and design was requested to him.Design was able to be known 67 Drawings, the Saito Ho-on kai owns.• In planning, Not only an exhibition but library , hall ,etc were planned. It is positioned as a developmental process of The Museum Architecture which inherited from The National Museum of Nature and Science.

著者

元岡 展久

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.533, pp.267-274, 2000

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In the second half of the 18th century, theatres have gradually began to play an increasingly important role in town-planning in France. In this research I have chosen to analyze one example, the theatre of the Palais Royal in Paris designed by Victor Louis, focusing on the relation between the redevelopment of the Palais Royal as a whole and the construction of the new theatre. From the study of various plans by Louis, it becomes obvious that his primary interest was to create a new garden, enclosed by new apartment buildings. The theatre was treated as a point of contact with its surrounding urban spaces. This case study compares this with a contemporary theatre, "l'Odeon", which was also a nucleus for the elaboration of its neighbouring area.

著者

田中 康裕 鈴木 毅

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.632, pp.2107-2115, 2008-10-30

被引用文献数

1 5

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It is important that we associate with those who are not intimate with us. To clarify where contacts with these people take place, we paid attention to acquaintances of different generation for children and youth. The purpose of this article is to clarify where children and youth contact with acquaintances of different generation. The survey of this article is questionnaire to university students. This article clarified following things. Many people whom children and youth contact are considered to be "hosts of the place", who are always at the place, who cherish the place, and who play some role there. Because "hosts of the place" are always at particular place, if children and youth want to meet them, they can go there. And even if children and youth don't intend to meet them, they meet them inevitably when they go there. And many contacts with acquaintances of different generation take place not at public places but at semi-public places.

著者

西村 顕 大原 一興 藤岡 泰寛

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.676, pp.1275-1282, 2012-06-30 (Released:2012-07-27)

参考文献数

12

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The aim of this study is to summarize consciousness of the parents about introducing the hoist system. We conducted a survey of 311 parents of children with physical disabilities. We also asked 48 parents to experience the hoist system to answer whether they changed consciousness about the hoist system. A statistical analysis show that the parents changed preconceptions about the hoist system after they experienced it.The statistical analysis results are as follows.1. Parents are negative to introduce the hoist system even if their child has become heavier, because they think it easier to lift by themselves than to use the hoist system.2. Parents think that their bathroom is not large enough to use the hoist system.Many of them need more useful the hoist system in small bathroom.3. Parents think the hoist system is not effective because they have not used it. After they experienced to use, their impression of the hoist system has changed to be better significantly.

著者

谷川 竜一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.684, pp.317-324, 2013-02-28 (Released:2013-05-31)

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Recently the number of museum for manga culture has been increasing in Japan. When manga is regarded only as visual culture, and is exhibited, the building type of museum can be useful space to show pictures of manga. But manga is also linier media people read individually, like books in a library. In this situation, Kyoto International Manga Museum may be regarded as one of the “successful” manga museum in Japan, because this architecture has both spatial aspects of museum and library. In this paper, it will be discussed what is the museum building adopted to manga, comparing 3 museums or libraries for manga culture - Kyoto International Manga Museum, The Osamu Tezuka Manga Museum, and Hiroshima City Manga Library.

著者

若山 滋 北川 啓介 夏目 欣昇 伊藤 裕子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.592, pp.85-91, 2005

被引用文献数

5 1

---

In this study, we aim at the characterization of "Space/Image" of film, which changes dramatically with the passage of the scene in two-dimensional images in particular. As well as we investigate how the historical architects or urbanists have treated the climate, the religion, the politics, the society, the current of the times in architecture and city and how film directors or cameramen design space in movie with various resources and compositions. There are many components of movies that create the images in the films. The components include natural materials, artificial materials, inside and outside settings of living creatures as well as other creatures, colors, and Depth on Images. In this paper, we emphasize the field of Depth that is the main factor of the difference between actual three-dimensional space and two-dimensional images from an architectural point of view. The subjects of this paper are two films, "Summer Time" and "Death in Venice."

著者

卯月 盛夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.470, pp.161-172, 1995

被引用文献数

16 7

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Citizen have a right to participate in and say their ideas to community planning. To promote citizen initiated community planning, a financial support as well as a technical support by professionals are essential. Setagaya Community Design Center provides such technical supports and utilizes Charitable Trust System to provide financial supports. The unique characteristics of Setagaya is that it provides support not only to lay citizen groups but also to nonprofit professional organizations, "Community Design House", which help citizen's activity. Community planning by citizen and professionals, with this support system, has been showing success. It provides a new valid approach to establish community planning based on the partnership between citizen and a municipality in our country.

著者

松本 歩子 山根 さおり 関川 千尋

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.630, pp.1683-1690, 2008-08-30 (Released:2009-09-30)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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(Objective) We discuss the benefits and drawbacks of the “After-School Plan for Children,” which will be implemented by the government in 2007, and examine the future role of after-school care centers.(Method) To compare the “After-School Plan for Children” with conventional after-school care programs, we carried out a questionnaire survey of parents and interviewed people living in municipalities that have adopted the integrated approach to “after-school care for all children”.(Results) 1) While the “After-School Plan for Children” provides significant financial benefits for the administrative operation, satisfactory levels of after-school care services are not available for parents and their children. 2) It is becoming increasingly important to develop an after-school care program from the viewpoint of children and parents who utilize the program.

著者

大野 隆造 近藤 美紀

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.461, pp.123-129, 1994

被引用文献数

10 5

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The Japanese circuit-style gardens have long been appreciated for their sequential scenes of beautiful landscapes. The aesthetic experience, however, has rarely been analyzed in a scientific manner. The present study attempts to analyze the sequential experience by measuring sensory stimulus information from the environment. A set of personal computer programs was developed and applied to the environmental data of three famous circuit-style gardens in order to measure the following three aspects of sensory stimulus information: (l) ambient visual information; (2) focal visual information; and (3) such non-visual information as tactile and kinesthetic information. In this paper, part 1 of the study, the profile of each aspect was obtained by assessing consecutive points every 0.5m (one step of a pedestrian) apart along the garden path. In the future study, changes in the profiles of sensory stimulus information can be used to examine the sequential experience as people moved through the garden.

著者

永瀬 智基 朝井 美樹 久野 紀光

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.704, pp.2323-2331, 2014

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This thesis aims to clarify the visual perceptional circuit by using several sorts of virtual indoor space model in simple rectangle shape. And the 29 virtual interior space models (9 models in the experiment-1 and 20 models in the experiment-2) which are created on the computer were shown on 40 subjects and had the experiment to make them select "an intelligible view" in each models with changing of width and height. As a result of scrutinizing the motion situation of an intention of 8 sorts obtained in this way in all the models, the hierarchical structure of each intention became clear. That is, the mechanism that the 5 types of intentions worked as a primary element in "the preference of an intelligible view", and the others worked as a secondary element was arranged.

著者

矢口 直道

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.511, pp.201-208, 1998

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study aims to clarify the relations of the deities enshrined and their locations in the Hoysala temples. While the main deity is usually located at the west side of the navaranga to face the entrance at the east and other deities are located symmetrically at the sides of the navaranga, the deities are enshrined asymmetrically in some temples. It is conceived that the temple plan and the locations of the deities tend to be symmetrically composed in the Jain and the Vaisnava temples. Among the Saiva and the syncretic temples with Siva and Visnu, the main deity is located to the west and the entrance to the south.

著者

池 浩三 大滝 泰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.504, pp.235-243, 1998

被引用文献数

1

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序:パルテノンの神室(cella)を囲む壁体には全く窓がないので、かつてその採光法に関する諸説が数多く提出されたが、今日ではいずれも根拠のない憶説としてしりぞけられ、採光は東の戸口からのみであったとするDopfeldの見解が定説となっている。ところが、採光法についてはもう一つの説があった。それはパルテノンの視覚補正について精密な調査を行ったPenroseによるもので、彼はパルテノンの屋根はParos島産の大理石で葺かれていたとし、その実測図を掲げるとともに、この大理石の透光性が神室の照明にも有効であったと指摘した。しかし、その後パルテノンの瓦は地元Penteli産の大理石であることがはっきりしてからは、この説も顧みられることがない。だが筆者はパルテノンの大理石瓦が野地板や葺き土の上ではなく、直接垂木の上に置かれていた事実にもっと注目すべきだと思う。Robertsonによれば、大理石瓦は紀元前6世紀に現れはじめ、5世紀以降には主要な神殿においてテラコッタ瓦に取って換えられたという。紀元2世紀のPausaniasは大理石瓦はNaxosのByzes(紀元前6世紀初めの人)が発明したと記しているが、このことは上記の考察と一致している。Naxos島の大理石はギリシア・アルカイソク期の彫像の素材としてよく知られている。Naxos・Paros・Penteliなどの白大理石は、石灰岩が変成作用を受けて、粗粒または微粒の方解石(カルサイト)の集合塊となった結晶質岩石であって、一定の透光性を有している。したがって、古代ギリシアの神殿の屋根瓦に使用されたとされるこれら3種の大理石の透光性をまず検証する必要があろう。そこで筆者は先行研究の調査結果をもとにパルテノンの大理石瓦の形状・寸法・構成を模型(縮尺:1/2)で復原するとともに、現地に赴いてNaxos・Paros・Penteliめ大理石試料を入手し、その受光面直下の照度から各試料の透過率を測定した。そしてこのデータをもとに神室内の照度を模型によって再現する実験を試みた。屋根瓦の形状・寸法:屋根の傾斜部分を構成する大部分の瓦はコリント型と呼ばれるもので、縁の部分に立ち上がりのある平瓦(flat tile)とその間を覆う角瓦(ridge tile)から成っている。垂木の上に直接置かれる平瓦は幅69cm、長さ77cm、平底部分の厚さ4cmで、表面は磨き仕上げ、裏面は瓦が垂木に固定するように瓦桟のかたちに合わせて整形されている。また上下の瓦が重なる部分には気圧差や毛細管現象による雨水の浸入を防ぐための微妙な水返しや水切りの加工も施されていた。角瓦の長さは平瓦とほぼ同寸であるが、Orlandosの復原によれば、幅は24cm(A型)と35.5cm(B型)とがあったようである(図1・2・3,写真1)。大理石試料の特性:M1(Naxos)・M2(Penteli)・M3(paros)はすべて98%以上カルサイトで構成されている。まずM1はVitruviusがいう結晶岩塩のような外観を呈し、5mm以上の粒子を含む粗粒塊であって、高い透光性が認められるが、劈開性が大きいために、角欠け・ポロっき・割れなどの加工上の欠点を伴う。M3は0.2mm〜0.3mmの微細粒の緻密な集合塊であって、精巧な彫刻的表現には適するが、吸水率はM3>Ml>M2と最も高いので、耐候性は劣る。M2は平均0.5mmの標準的な細粒から成り、その物理的・機械的性質は優れている。しかし、緑泥石や雲母系の鉱物をわずかに含むため、薄い銀緑色の縞模様が見られる(表1,写真2)。ギリシア彫刻におけるアルカイック期から古典期への表現形式の発展は、その素材としての大理石が、NaxosからParosへ、そしてPenteliへと移行するのと密接に関連しているが、それはまさに3種の大理石の各々の特性に基づく選択であったと考えられる。そしてこのことは建築についても同様であって、パルテノンでは、それまでの神殿の彫刻的部分にはParosが好んで用いられた伝統を改めて、敢えて彫刻を含むすべてのエレメントにPenteliが使用された。それは総監督Pheidiasが材料の耐久性を最優先したからであろう。特に屋根瓦についてはそうであって、その精巧なディテールには、素材の加工性・耐久性・透光性について幾多の改良と選択が重ねられたことが推測される。大理石試料の透光性:M1(Naxos)、M2(Penteli)、M3(Paros)の各種の大理石について、厚さ約1・2・3・4cmの試料(16cm角)を用意し、これを外光を遮断した暗箱の1面にセットし、外部の照度と内部の試料直下面の照度を同時に読み取り、その比(%)を各試料の透過率とした。このテストの結果は図4に示すとおりであるが、4cm厚の試料では、M1は0.40%、M2は0.23%、M3は0.02%で、これまでのParosは透光性が高いという、外見上からの判断を全く覆すものであった。しかし、これは結晶光学の現象として理解されることで、粒子が細かい集合塊ほど、光は多く拡散、吸収されるからである。また透過光の色はM1は白色に近く、M2は黄色、M3は暗褐色であるが、これも粒子が微細であるほど、波長の短い光線のエネルギーは減衰し、透過光は赤色ゾーンのスペクトルが相対的に強まるからであろう(写真3)。ともあれNaxosのきわめて高い透光性は、そもそも大理石瓦の使用が採光を目的とするものであったことを証明している。ところが、Naxosは加工性の劣る素材であったので、のちにオリンピアのゼウス神殿のように平瓦はほとんどPenteliに葺き替えられたのである。Parosは屋根のむしろ彫刻的な部分に多く使われたのではないかと思う。神室の採光の復原:パルテノンに使用されたPenteli大理石には縞模様の目立つものも含まれていたようなので、M2と同種の試料(51×16×4cm)について透光性を上記の方法で調べたところ、平均して透過率0.033%、裏面輝度10cd/m^2、色度はCIEのx・y表色系色度図においてx=0.57、y=0.4の値を示す橙色光であった(写真4)。またこの測定値をもとに、神室の屋根面の光源を水平な等輝度均等拡散面と仮定した場合、神室の身廊中央床面P点の照度E_p,を、E_p=π・C・L(C:立体角投射率、L:光源の輝度)の等式によって試算したところ、E_p≒2.9 lxを得た(図5,6)。そしてさらにCは光源の形状・大きさと受照点Pとの位置関係で決まる幾何学的数値(比率)であるという理論的根拠に基づいて、神室部分の精確な模型(縮尺1/40、写真.5)を作製し、これによって神室内の照度の分布および変動を観察した。模型の屋根面は採光に有効な平瓦の部分を塩化ビニール板(表白、裏榿色)とし、その透過光の色が上記CIEの色度に近似するようにした。実験はまず外光を調節して、屋根面直下の照度を約33 lx(輝度10cd/m^2に相当)に設定し、遮蔽された神室内の所定の位置P点に照度計の受光部を置いて測定した。その結果は、E_pと同位置で約8.25 lxとなり、計算値2.9 lxをかなり上回った。言うまでもなく、これは神室内全体の反射光の影響と、左右の側廊と後廊上部の屋根面からの採光が加わるためである。また屋根面直下の照度を33 lxから6 lxまで徐々に低下させた場合、同位置の照度の変動はほぼ直線的に下降することも確認された(図7)。結語:Pellteli産大理石表面の反射率は72%、模型(石膏)のそれは約90%であるから、神室中央床面の照度は、晴天時(100,000 lx)において約7 lxである。少なくともこれだけの照度が得られたとすれば、パルテノンの大理石瓦も採光のためであったことになる。つまりコロネードに囲まれた部分には天井はなかった蓋然性が高いのである。しかし最近遺構調査を行ったKorreg氏は神室の東の壁の左右に窓があったと報告している。筆者はその復原図に基づいて、プロナオスとそのポーチコ部分の模型を製作し、この窓からの採光の影響についても実験すべく作業を進めている。ともあれ、神室の天井の問題に関しては、これら一連の実験結果を考慮した議論がなされることを期待したい。

著者

田中 貴宏 三笠 友洋 内平 隆之 山崎 義人 重村 力

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.698, pp.933-938, 2014

被引用文献数

4

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“Yato” is a landscape unit that is horseshoe-shaped flatland surrounded by the hill in three directions. In the hilly cities, such as Yokohama, many Yatos can be seen. Some previous researches mention about the importance of Yato from the perspective of ecological, hydrological, thermal environmental and social aspects. This study aims to developing the method for making Yato map by using GIS and DEM, and also classifying all Yatos based on the land use in Yokohama. By comparing previous researches, it becomes clear that this method is suite for making Yato map. Actually, Yato map is made in Yokohama and 4657 Yatos are extracted. It was also found that about 50% of all Yatos are already developed as low-rise residential areas, and about 30% are still undeveloped, by overlaying Yato map and land use map. Evaluating each Yatos from the perspective of natural and social environments will be needed as a future work.

著者

宮本 征一 堀越 哲美 土川 忠浩

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.498, pp.45-49, 1997

被引用文献数

2 2 1

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The objective of this paper is to evaluate the thermal radiation environment using mean radiant temperature MRTr which takes configuration factors and equivalent black body temperatures the effect of the inter-reflection and blocking effect of the human body. Numerical analysis of inter-reflection radiant exchange were carried out using Net Radiation method. MRTr was calculated from radiation rate, emissivity and configuration factors on each surface. As a result, The difference between the MRT considering the effect of inter-reflection and the ordinary MRT stood within ±3℃ when the emissivity of a floor changed from 0.50 to 1.00 under the following floor heating condition : the floor surface temperature 37.5℃ and the other surface temperature 21℃. The MRT was influenced by emissivities of each surface in the non-uniform thermal radiation environments rather than uniform environment. It is necessary to evaluate the non-uniform thermal radiant environment using the MRT considering the effect of radiation inter-reflection and blocking effect of the human body.