著者

永松 俊哉

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.18-19, 2011 (Released:2011-03-30)

著者

出村 慎一 春日 晃章 松沢 勘三郎 郷司 文男

出版者

日本体力医学会 = Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.231-244, 1998-04-01

被引用文献数

11

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60歳~89歳の女性高齢者338名を対象に, 基礎体力と生活諸状況の複合的関連について検討するため, 高齢者の体力に関与すると考えられる健康状態, 日常生活活動, 運動実施状況, 食生活の各領域から計30項目を選択し生活状況調査を実施した.また, 高齢者の体力を捉えるために安全性, 信頼性および実用性を考慮し, 筋機能, 肺機能, 関節機能, 神経機能の各体力領域から14変量を選択した.これら変量間の相関行列に主成分分析法を適用し, 第一主成分を基礎体力因子と解釈し, 高齢者の体力の指標とした.基礎体力と各生活状況の関連を検討した結果, 基礎体力は就寝時間, 飲酒習慣, 現在の運動実施頻度, 好き嫌いの有無, 魚・肉・卵・大豆製品等の摂取と有意に関連することを認めた.また, 基礎体力に対する生活諸状況の複合的関連を検討するために, 連関係数を考慮して選択した生活状況8項目と年齢を説明変数, 基礎体力得点を目的変数とし, 数量化理論第I類を実施した.その結果, 基礎体力と生活諸状況の間に0.643の有意な重相関係数が認められ, 基礎体力と年代, 現在の運動実施頻度, 過去の病気や怪我による生活活動への支障, 就寝時間の4項目に有意な偏相関係数が認められた.これらの項目のカテゴリー数量から, 運動実施頻度, 病気や怪我による生活活動への支障が体力に影響を及ぼすことが明らかにされた.また, 60歳代と70歳代では, 体力に及ぼす生活諸状況の関与が異なると推測された. he purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of fundamental physical fitness(FPF) and health-conditions, activities of daily living, and food habits in elderly women.A total of 338 women aged 60 to 89 years were the subjects for this study. Fourteen tests wereselected from 4 physical fitness domains of muscle function, joint function (flexibility), neuromuscularfunction and lung function, considering the validity, safety and convenience of tests. To measure theabove-stated living conditions, a questionnaire consisting of 30 items was constructed. Principalcomponent analysis was applied to the correlation matrix, which was calculated from physical fitnessvariables. The first principal component could be interpreted as the FPF factor, since it correlatedsignificantly with all physical fitness variables and showed the greatest contribution (about 36%) tototal variance. Statistical techniques of contingency coefficient and theory of quantification I wereused to determine the influence of the above-stated living conditions to FPF.It was inferred that each living condition influences FPF as a composite factor, and the elementsof exercise habit, the existence of the trouble caused by past disease and injury, bedtime and agehave greater influence on the decline of FPF. Fundamental physical fitness showed a decreasingtrend with age, but the continuous exercise enforcement on one day or more a week, seemed to beeffective in postponing the decline of FPF related to age. Further, it was inferred that influence ofeach living condition to FPF differs in the 60 and 70 age levels.

著者

濱田 和明 浦辺 幸夫 山中 悠紀

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.89-93, 2012 (Released:2012-03-14)

参考文献数

20

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The aim of the present study was to investigate whether personal hamstring muscular activation increased by landing with the trunk bent forward. First, 14 healthy female university students were instructed to perform normal drop landing from a 40 cm-high box on both legs. Second, subjects were directed to perform drop landing with the trunk bent forward. Using images obtained from a high-speed video camera, the upper center of mass was calculated in the sagittal plane for determining the differences in these landings. For 0.1 second after toe contact, the muscular activation of quadriceps femoris and hamstring muscles was analyzed using an electromyogram (EMG), and these findings were compared between the 2 types of landings. There was no significant difference in the activation of quadriceps femoris, but the activation tended to decrease during landing with the trunk bent forward. However, the activation of hamstring muscles increased significantly during landing with the trunk bent forward compared with that during normal landing. During landing with the trunk bent forward, the activation of hamstring muscles increased, and the activation of quadriceps femoris tended to decrease. Because contraction of hamstring muscles decreases tension in the anterior cruciate ligament, the findings of this study may help in the prevention of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.

著者

田原 靖昭 綱分 憲明 西澤 昭 湯川 幸一 森 俊介 千住 秀昭

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.198-206, 1990

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全国サッカー優勝チーム (1988.1) , 準優勝チーム (1987.1) を含む46名を4期に分けて, 体格, 身体組成, Vo<SUB>2</SUB>max, Max O<SUB>2</SUB>debtを測定した.得られた結果の概要は次の通りである.<BR>A.身長の平均値は, GK17&9±5.7cm, FW172.5±3.6cm, MF171.9±6.2cm, DF172.5±5.3cmであった.体重はそれぞれGK72.5±4.0kg, FW66.8±6.1kg, MF64.4±6.3kg, DF64.3±3.8kgであった.<BR>3.皮脂厚和 (8部位) の平均値は, 63.5±14.3mmであった.GKは7&5±12.6mmであった.<BR>C.%Fatは, GKが14.3±3.9%, 他のポジションは8.2~10.4%であった.LBM/Ht (kg/m) は, 全員 (N=46) の平均値で34.2±2.5kg/mであった.<BR>D.Vo<SUB>2</SUB>maxの全員の平均値は, 60.0±5.6m<I>l</I>/kg・minで, MF62.7±4.6m<I>l</I>, DF60.5±5.3m<I>l</I>, FW58.7±5.3m<I>l</I>, GK54.3±5.7m<I>l</I>であり, MFが最も高かった.<BR>E.Max O<SUB>2</SUB>debtは, 平均値で124.8±19.2m<I>l</I>/kgであった.中でもFW133.1±14.5m<I>l</I>, GK126.1±8.1m<I>l</I>で高かった.<BR>F.国見高校選手のVo<SUB>2</SUB>max, Max O<SUB>2</SUB>debt, LBM/Htが高かったのは, その年間を通して競技の特性を踏まえた体力トレーニング・練習内容と多い試合数 (年間130試合前後) に負うところが大であった.また, 資質の優れた選手が多く入部することも高い競技力に貢献している.

著者

田中 宏暁

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.39-41, 2005 (Released:2006-12-01)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2 1 1

著者

金 憲経 松浦 義行 田中 喜代次 稲垣 敦

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.5, pp.548-558, 1992

被引用文献数

4 1

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Excess body fat has generally been considered to influence physical fitness and motor ability in obese boys. However, very few studies have been done on the relationships of percent body fat (%fat), body fat and fat-free mass with physical fitness and motor ability. The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationships between body composition and selected physical fitness and motor ability elements in obese boys. The subjects were three hundreds and five boys aged 12-14 years. Eighteen physical fitness and motor ability elements were tested and skinfold thickness was measured at six sites using an Eiken-type caliper. Impedance (Z) was measured using a tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance plethysmograph (Selco SIF-891) . Body density was calculated from the formula of Kim et al. Variables which represented muscular power and endurance were negatively affected by %fat, while muscular strength was positively related to %fat. Flexibility variables were found not to be affected by %fat. In order to further examine the effects of %fat on physical fitness and motor ability, the subjects were categorized into three groups according to %fat: lean= less than 12% (n=64), average=12-20% (n=192), and obese=greater than 20% (n=49) . The results of comparison among groups clearly indicated that the obese group was significantly poorer in muscular power and endurance but was better in muscular strength than the other groups. To analyze the factorial structure in obese boys, principal factor analysis was applied to the correlation matrix which was calculated with 18 variables, and then six factors were extracted. The differentiation and integration of factorial structure was investigated from the hierarchical factor model. Two factors (muscular power and speed, and flexibility) were extracted at a lower level of rotation. The body fat was found to be one important factor that affects many physical fitness and motor ability elements. The relationships between physical fitness, motor ability and degree of fatness seem to be rather complicated, and a great deal of data should be accumulated for analysis of influence of body fatness in the obese.

著者

川合 悟 生田 香明 山本 高司

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.4, pp.513-520, 2001-08-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

18

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拇指および指示指で小物体を摘み上げる運動において, 視覚から得られる物体の大きさ情報が摘み力および持ち上げ力の発揮プログラムにおよぼす影響について検討した.(1) 視覚から得られる物体の大きさに応じて, 持ち上げ時に発揮されるGrip ForceおよびLoad Forceはスケールされた.このことは力発揮プログラムの予測的制御変数として物体の大きさ情報が利用されていると推察された.(2) 大きさ情報が遮断されると, いずれの大きさの箱に対しても発揮される力は大きな箱を持ち上げる際に発揮される力の方へ変化した.このことは大きさ情報が, 最も大きな箱に対して発揮される力を基準として, それより小さな箱に対してより小さな力を発揮するように作用した結果と推察された.本研究の一部は, 帝塚山学術研究助成金および文部省科学研究費 (基礎研究 (C) 11680067) により行われた.

著者

篠原 稔

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.10, 2012 (Released:2012-03-14)

参考文献数

3

著者

琉子 友男 福永 哲夫

出版者

日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.168-174, 1986

被引用文献数

3 2

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トレーニング経験のない16名の健康成人男子を用いて, 脚伸展筋の等尺性最大筋力に対する筋断面積の影響, および, 筋断面積あたりの等尺性最大筋力に対する外側広筋の筋線維組成の影響について検討し, 次の結果を得た.<BR>1.等尺性最大筋力と筋断面積との間には, 先行研究と同様, 有意な正の相関係数 (r=0.61, p<0.05) が得られた.<BR>2.筋断面積あたりの等尺性最大筋力と外側広筋の筋線維組成との間には, 統計的に有意な相関係数は得られなかった.<BR>以上の結果から, 静的な最大筋力を発揮することに対しては, 筋線維組成よりも筋断面積の方がより重要な影響を及ぼしていること, さらに, 筋断面積あたりの等尺性最大筋力の大きな個人差の生ずる原因は, 筋線維組成以外の要因に依るものであることが示唆された.

著者

石道 峰典

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.26, 2010 (Released:2010-04-16)

著者

長島 未央子

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.3, pp.279-286, 2011 (Released:2011-07-12)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 3

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Relation between oxidative stress and antioxidant status during long-lasted endurance exercise at moderate intensity is not clear. The purpose of the study was to examine changes of oxidative stress and antioxidant status during 3 hours endurance exercise at intensity of 70% heart rate reserve (70%HRR) in well-trained cyclists. Eight college cyclists participated in this study after giving the informed consent. They performed a steady-state exercise that corresponded to HR of approximately 145 bpm for 3 hours on a cycle ergometer in a laboratory. Blood samples were taken at 5 time points: before exercise (Pre), at 1 hour (Ex 1h), 2 hours (Ex 2h), 3 hours (Ex 3h) during exercise and 1 hour after exercise ( Post 1h), to analyze the oxidative stress, the antioxidant status, plasma vitamin C (VC) and vitamin E (VE) concentrations. The oxidative stress and antioxidant status were determined by using the FRAS4 analyzer. The oxidative stress (d-ROM) did not change during and after exercise. However, the antioxidant status (BAP) and the plasma VC concentration were significantly higher in Ex 1h, Ex 2h, Ex 3h and Post 1h compared with Pre. On the other hand, no changes were found in the plasma VE concentration during and after exercise. In conclusion, endurance exercise for 3 hours at the intensity of 70%HRR increased the plasma antioxidant level, and this increase may contribute to inhibit exercise-induced oxidative stress in well-trained cyclists. We suggest that regular endurance training might improve the antioxidant status in trained athletes.

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.6, pp.853-859, 2009-12-01 (Released:2010-01-18)

著者

小林 茂夫

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.18-19, 2007-02-01 (Released:2007-05-15)

参考文献数

5

著者

中路 重之

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.11, 2009-02-01 (Released:2009-05-01)

著者

浅沼 義英

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.151-158, 2005 (Released:2006-12-01)

参考文献数

21

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Aim of the present study is to clarify energy expenditure of gymnastic exercise during water immersion. Method : 13 males participated to the test. Oxygen consumption (VO2) and ventilation were continuously measured by open circuit. Heart rate (HR) was automatically obtained by telemetoring. Six kinds of repeating movement of extremities were performed on land and in water in the same manner. Immersing depth was to the xyphoid level. Rhythms of the movement were adjusted so as to continue for several minutes. Result : Their OPW were 14∼20 ml/kg/min, MV were 38∼53 l/min. OPW increased remarkably by swings of both arms crossing in front of chest or alternant back-and-forth, and swings of a hemi-leg in water, compared to that on land. OPW was as half as on land by jump in situ, and equivalent by steps like marching. Notably, oxygen pulse increased by arm and leg exercise more than that on land, accompanied by increase of ventilation. Gymnastic exercise in water showed different effect on oxygen consumption and cardiac response from that on land. Manner of the movements in water also affect the difference. Those kinds of exercise in water can be utilized clinically for training and promotion of fitness.