出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.6, pp.588, 2013 (Released:2013-12-15)

著者

豊岡 示朗 吉川 潔 足立 哲司

出版者

The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.419-430, 1995-08-01 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1 1

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朝の起床後におけるジョギングの問題点, その実施時間帯による代謝特性を明らかにすることを目的として, 男子長距離選手5名 (19~26歳) とジョガー (32~50歳) を対象に, 絶食, スナック, 夕方の3条件を設定して60分間のトレッドミルによるジョギングを課し, 血中基質と代謝反応を測定し, 次のような結果を得た.1) 絶食条件のジョギング前後の血液グルコースは, ジョガー群で100.8mg/dl: 93.0mg/dl, ランナー群で101.0mg/dl: 105.6mg/dlとなり, ジョガー群の低下が大きい傾向が見られた.しかしながら, 両群間に有意差は認められなかった.また, 夕食を摂らなかった被験者1名 (48歳) が, 走行後65mg/dlとなり, 低血糖レベルに近づいた.2) 同条件での遊離脂肪酸は, ジョガー群の安静で, 0.37mmol/l, 運動後, 0.57mmol/l, ランナー群の場合, 運動前0.25mmol/l, 運動後0.37mmol/lとなり, いづれも, 約50%の上昇がみられたものの, 安静値の2倍に達した被験者は1名であった.また, その最大値は, たかだか, 0.86mmol//lであった.3) 上述の結果から, 起床後の空腹状況において, 50~60%VO2maxで60分間のジョギングを実施した場合, 脱力感, 不快感や低血糖症状に陥る例は稀であり, 遊離脂肪酸が急上昇 (安静の3~4倍) することもほとんどないことが示唆された.しかしながら, 中高年ジョガーの場合, β-ヒドロキシ酪酸が, 運動前に比べ1.3~2.6倍も増加する例 (6名中5名) が見られた.4) 血中基質の動態からみた夕方ジョギングの特徴は, 朝の2条件 (絶食とスナック) と比べ, 運動前のインスリンレベルが2.7倍高く, 運動中のアドレナリン分泌の亢進, 血液グルコース取り込みの増加, 脂肪分解能の抑制であった.一方, 朝の2条件の動態は, ほぼ同様となり, インスリン, アドレナリン, ノルアドレナリン, 血液グルコースの変動が小さく, グリセロールの増加, FFA代謝回転レベルの高いことが認められた.5) 60分間のジョギングによる全消費エネルギーは, スナック条件が他の条件より4~5%高く (P<0.01) 654.4kcal, 以下, 夕方条件・627.5kcal, 絶食条件・619.2kcalとなった.この差異の要因は, スナック摂取からくる酸素摂取量の増加に依る.6) 呼吸商 (RQ) から60分間のジョギングによる炭水化物と脂肪の酸化比率をみると, 朝の2条件 (絶食とスナック) の場合, 約51~50%: 49~50%とほぼ同様になったのに比べ, 夕方条件の場合は, 67.4%: 32.6%となり, 朝のジョギングの方が約16~17%脂肪の酸化が多い (P<0.01) ことが認められた.7) 以上の結果から, 朝の2条件 (絶食とスナック) によるジョギングは, 夕方実施する場合に比べて脂質代謝が高いと示唆された.

著者

木内 敦詞 七五三木 聡 天貝 均 大野 敦也 勝田 茂

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.77-85, 1997

被引用文献数

1

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本研究は, 閉経後骨粗鬆症の実験モデルとしてOVXラットを用い, OVX後の骨の変化を皮質骨と海綿骨の量的変化および組織学的特徴から検討し, これらが運動負荷によりいかなる影響を受けるかを調べたものである.実験にはWistar系雌性ラットを用い, 偽手術・コントロール群 (Sham-C群) , 偽手術・トレーニング群 (Sham-T群) , 卵巣摘出・コントロール群 (OVX-C群) , 卵巣摘出・トレーニング群 (OVX-T群) の計4群を設けた.卵巣摘出および偽手術は14週齢時に行い, トレーニングは17週齢より10週間のトレッドミル走とした.トレーニング期間終了時に, 脛骨を摘出後, 脱脂乾燥骨重量, 骨塩量を測定し, さらに海綿骨の組織形態計測を行った.<BR>得られた結果は以下のとおりである.<BR>1.脱脂乾燥骨重量および骨幹部骨塩量において, OVX-C群とSham-C群の有意な差異は認められなかった.しかし体重あたりの骨塩量ではOVX-C群がSham-C群に対し有意な低値を示した.また, 海綿骨の単位骨量ではOVX-C群がSham-C群よりも有意な低値を, LS/BSをはじめとする骨形成パラメータでは逆に有意な高値を示した.<BR>2.海綿骨単位骨量および体重あたりの骨塩量は, OVX-T群がOVX-C群に対し有意な高値を示した.骨形成パラメータでは両群に有意な差は認められなかった.<BR>3.上記のすべての測定パラメータで, Sham-C群とSham-T群の間に有意な差異は観察されなかった.<BR>以上の結果から, 運動は卵巣摘出による骨量の減少に対し抑制的に作用することが示された.また, これは骨形成の促進よりはむしろ骨吸収の抑制に起因する可能性が示唆された.

著者

長谷川 博 中村 励 茶園 雄大 柳岡 拓磨 岩橋 眞南実

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.4, pp.307-316, 2020-08-01 (Released:2020-07-15)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

2

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Intermittent exercise performance in a hot environment is lower than in temperate conditions. Cooling strategies at rest are important; however, the appropriate cooling temperature is not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of temperature for cooling leg during half-time (HT) on intermittent exercise performance. Eleven men performed two pre-tests and three experimental trials of a 2 × 30 min intermittent exercise protocol in the heat (33°C; 50% relative humidity). During HT, three experimental conditions were set: no cooling (CON), cooling at the thigh using 12°C ice packs (COOL), and cooling at the thigh using 0°C ice packs (ICE) for 15 min. During the 2nd half, which consisted of 5 s maximal power pedaling every minute separated by 50 s of unloaded pedaling (80 rpm) and rest (5 s), the subjects repeated 2 × 15 sets of the intermittent exercise protocol. The peak power output under the COOL condition (694 ± 80 W) was significantly higher than that of the CON (653 ± 84 W). Thigh skin and deep temperatures showed a significant difference between each condition. In the COOL, thermal sensation was significantly lower, and thermal comfort was significantly higher. In a protocol that simulates intermittent athletic competitions such as soccer in a hot environment, using ice packs at 12°C to cool the thigh during HT lowered thigh skin and deep temperatures and improved heat perception and intermittent exercise performance. This cooling strategy is practical, suggesting that it would be effective for actual competitive situations.

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.6, pp.596-611, 2014 (Released:2014-12-05)

著者

矢野 博己

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.15-16, 2011 (Released:2011-03-30)

著者

長谷川 伸 小野 高志

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.227-235, 2012 (Released:2012-04-28)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

2 3

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The primary purpose of this study was to investigate whether the baseball pitchers have asymmetric characteristics of muscle thickness (MT) in upper extremities, trunk, and lower extremities because of repetitive pitching. The secondary purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between MT and ball speed. Twenty-six college baseball pitchers participated in this study. Twenty-six sites were selected to quantify the asymmetric characteristics of MT. The MT was measured by a B-mode ultrasound. The ball speed, measured by a radar gun, was used to quantify the pitching performance. The MT of forearm, subscapula, and chest in dominant side (pitching side) were significantly greater than those in nondominant side, and the MT of abdomen, lateral abdomen, and anterior thigh in nondominant side were significantly greater than those in dominant side. On the other hand, the MT of forearm in both sides and the MT of lateral abdomen in dominant side were significantly and positively correlated with ball speed. These results suggest that asymmetric muscle thickness in upper extremity, trunk, and lower extremity in baseball pitchers resulted from repetitive pitching, and the MT of forearm and lateral abdomen are related to the ball speed.

著者

田中 千晶 岡田 真平 高倉 実 橋本 圭司 目澤 秀俊 安藤 大輔 田中 茂穂 Okely Anthony D

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.4, pp.327-333, 2020

被引用文献数

4

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<p>This study examined the relationship between meeting the World Health Organization's (WHO) 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years and motor skills and cognitive function in preschool children. Participants were 4-year-old boys and girls in urban and rural areas (n=69). Physical activity was measured using a triaxial accelerometer (ActiGraph GT3X). Screen time and sleep duration were assessed via self-report by guardians. Meeting the 24-h movement guidelines was defined as: 10 to 13 h/night and nap of sleep, ≤1 h/day of sedentary screen time, and at least 180 min/day more than 1.5 METs. Motor skills were evaluated by the Ages & Stages Questionnaires, Third Edition (ASQ-3). Executive functions (shifting, visual-spatial working memory and inhibition) were evaluated by the Early Years Toolbox (Japanese translation). The prevalence of children meeting all three recommendations was 7.2% and 7.2% met none of the three recommendations. Children meeting physical activity recommendation had a better inhibition score compared to children meeting none of the recommendation (p=0.005). While, children not meeting the sleep recommendation had a better inhibition score compared to children meeting of the recommendation (p=0.042). In conclusion, meeting the physical activity or sleep recommendations were positively or negatively associated with the inhibition score. On the other hand, meeting none of the sedentary behaviour and the 3 recommendations was not associated with motor skills or cognitive function.</p>

著者

矢野 琢也 岡田 昌義

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.5, pp.461-468, 2006-10-01 (Released:2007-05-15)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect on the physiological response of fluid ingestion before walking in a swimming pool. Nine healthy students were candidates for this study. First of all, they were divided into two groups water ingestion (W(+))(300Ml) before pool walking group and no water drinking (W(-)) beforehand. Body temperature was measured in the tympanic space and venodilation was measured in the fingers. Walking conditions were 3 km/h for 1,750 m in an indoor pool with a water temperature of 29.7±0.5°C, at a room temperature of 25.4±1.4°C and relative humidity of 79.4±4.3%. The pool was 25 m in length and 1.0 m deep. The following results were obtained: The values for tympanic temperature in the W(-) group were significantly higher than that of pre-walking (p<0.05). Vasodilation of the veins in the fingers significantly expanded in the group of W(+)(p<0.05). The values of systolic blood pressure(SBP) in the W(-) group decreased significantly in comparison partially (p<0.05).We could conclude that fluid ingestion before walking in a swimming pool has a good effect on tympanic temperature, venous dilation and systolic blood pressure.

著者

上田 泰之 浦辺 幸夫 大林 弘宗 山口 織江

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.4, pp.485-490, 2008-08-01 (Released:2008-10-24)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

15 2

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A number of studies have described typical scapular kinematics during arm elevation in adults. However, spinal structure and function differ between normal and elderly adults. To our knowledge, trunk kinematics during arm elevation in the elderly has never been clarified. The purpose of this study was to describe and compare the kinematics patterns of the trunk during arm elevation between normal and elderly adults. Forty-one normal adults (14 male and 27 female, mean age 22.1±1.1 years) and twenty-eight elderly adults (8 male and 20 female, mean age 75.8±7.2 years) participated in this study. The kinematics data were collected using an analog digital measuring device to record the sagittal outline of the back by using the Spinal Mouse system (Idiag AG, Switzerland). Subjects were instructed to raise their arm in the scapular plane, and measurements were performed with the arm in the dependent position, at 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 degrees of abduction, and maximum abduction. The normal adult group demonstrated a significant decrease in thoracic kyphosis at 150 degrees and maximum abduction, and an increase in pelvic tilt at the maximum abduction ; while the elderly group showed no significant differences. This study demonstrates that there are significant differences in thoracic and pelvic kinematics patterns between normal adults and elderly adults. From a clinical prospective, these results can be applied to improve shoulder movements in the elderly.

著者

寺田 新

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.1, pp.9, 2017 (Released:2017-01-21)

著者

苅山 靖 林 陵平 吉田 拓矢 図子 あまね 図子 浩太佑 図子 浩二

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.187-197, 2018

被引用文献数

1

---

<p>Movement control and muscle function for pelvic movement in the frontal plane (pelvic elevation) are important for various single-leg sports activities. We aimed to clarify mechanical characteristics of pelvic squat (P-Sq: single-leg squat exercise with emphasis on pelvic elevation, developed by our research group) compared with the double-leg squat (D-Sq) and single-leg squat (S-Sq). Twelve male track and field athletes performed D-Sq, S-Sq, and P-Sq exercises at various loads (90%, 75%, and 60% of 1-repetition maximum [1RM]), using maximum effort. Kinematic and kinetic data were calculated using data recorded with a motion capture system and force platforms. We observed the highest values with P-Sq, followed by S-Sq and D-Sq under all load conditions as follows: peak vertical ground reaction force and rate of force development (RFD), range of pelvic elevation, peak pelvic elevation velocity, peak powers associated with hip abduction torque and trunk lateral flexion torque. In P-Sq, RFD at 90% 1RM was smaller than under the other load conditions, whereas peak vertical ground reaction force at 90% 1RM was larger than under the other load conditions. There were no differences among load conditions with regard to hip abduction and trunk lateral flexion torques and powers. Therefore, characteristics of P-Sq compared to those of D-Sq and S-Sq are 1) larger and faster pelvic elevation, using related muscles (hip abductors and trunk lateral flexors) under all load conditions, 2) larger peak ground reaction force with pelvic elevation under large load conditions, and larger RFD in pelvic elevation under low load conditions.</p>

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.3, pp.371-374, 2015 (Released:2015-05-28)

著者

小笠原 一生 宮永 豊 白木 仁 向井 直樹 竹村 雅裕 八十島 崇 宮川 俊平

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.4, pp.403-412, 2006-08-01 (Released:2007-05-15)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

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The higher anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury rate of females is one of the most sever athletic-related problems today. The purpose of this study is to compare the lower extremity kinematics between male and female during single leg landing.Six male and four female healthy subjects participated in this study. They jumped from a 32 cm high box and landed with the dominant leg. The landing action was filmed with three video cameras. The knee flexion, knee valgus/varus, and hip adduction/abduction angle and angle velocity were calculated.In female subjects, the knee flexion angle and hip adduction angle were greater compared to males. Also, the knee valgus velocity and hip adduction velocity were higher in females.Our results suggest that knee valgus kinematics may be related to hip adduction. It is important to evaluate hip kinematics when considering knee kinematics to prevent knee ligament injuries.

著者

石川 慎太郎 久保 哲也 村田 健三郎 池谷 洋一 中西 孝子 砂川 正隆 久光 正

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.5, pp.527-534, 2011 (Released:2011-11-15)

参考文献数

38

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[Objective] Perspiration is almost only heat radiation mechanism under high temperature environments. And sudoriferous water is supplied from blood. Blood flow is determined by blood fluidity, blood volume and the cardiovascular system. It was reported that strong stress decreased blood fluidity.In this experiment, we investigated the relation between blood fluidity and water supply in rats loaded with forced exercise in high temperature environment.[Methods] SPF male Wistar rats weighing 250g were used. All animals were put in high temperature environment (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature; WBGT: 28°C) through whole experimental period. The rats were divided into four groups randomly; Suitable temperature environment-Exercise-Non water intake (SEN), High temperature environment-Exercise-Non water intake (HEN), High temperature environment-Exercise-Water intake (HEW) and Baseline (BL). In a group of water supply, distilled water was served before and later exercise by sonde forcibly. The blood was collected before or later of exercise and blood and erythrocyte suspension fluidity were measured.[Results] In the HEN, hydroperoxides, blood sodium, lactic acid and adrenaline increased while blood and erythrocyte suspension fluidity were decreased significantly compared with the BL. In addition, the hematocrit did not increase even if water equivalent to 4% of body weight lost it.[Conclusion] We speculate that exercise in high temperature environment decreases blood fluidity. However, the water supply in exercise that might not be sufficiently improve blood fluidity.

著者

水田 博志

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.56, 2016 (Released:2016-01-24)

被引用文献数

1

著者

馬場 礼三

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.57, 2016 (Released:2016-01-24)

著者

紺野 義雄

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.5, pp.180-185, 1952-04-02 (Released:2010-09-30)

被引用文献数

3 1

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本調査の結果を摘要すると次の如くなる。(1) 11才より18才迄年令的に, 男子に於て著うしい変化をみない。(2) 男女の筋硬度の差は13, 14才頃より現れ, 漸次その差は大きくなる。即ち女子は13, 14才頃より硬度が低くなる.(3) 女子は男子に比して硬度差が稍々小さい。(4) 硬度差は, 身長, 体重, 周囲長, 皮下脂肪との関係はないと思あれる。(5) 走力, 跳躍力, 握力と相関があり硬度差の大なる者は運動能力が大であると言える。(6) 集団の相関より個人相関が大である。(7) 優秀選手は一般の者より硬度差が大きい, 又緊張硬度が高かつた。

著者

岡 浩一朗

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.105, 2006-02-01 (Released:2007-04-04)

著者

大垣 亮 竹村 雅裕 岩井 浩一 宮本 芳明 芋生 祥之 永井 智 宮川 俊平

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.189-196, 2014

被引用文献数

1

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To examine risk factors for shoulder injuries with or without history of the injuries using the stratification analysis for collegiate rugby players. 71 elite rugby players from one university rugby club joined in the preseason medical screening related to their shoulder joints, including basic demographics, history of injuries, and physical findings at that time. Subsequently, the occurrence of shoulder injuries was recorded during four playing seasons. Analysis was stratified with or without history of the injuries; player without the past history of injury, 47 players; player with the past history of injury, 24 players. As a result of all players with the past history, 13 players sustained the shoulder injuries. Internal rotational range of motion [IR ROM] (OR, 1.5; 95%CI, 1.13-1.96; p=0.004), external rotational range of motion [ER ROM] (OR, 1.9; 95%CI, 1.21-2.87; p=0.005), horizontal flexion range of motion [HF ROM] (OR, 1.3; 95%CI, 1.03-1.64; p=0.025), IR muscle strength (OR, 0.4; 95%CI, 0.20-0.65; p=0.001) and rugby experience (OR, 1.2; 95%CI, 1.02-1.46; p=0.032) were associated with the shoulder injuries. On the other hand, 10 players sustained injuries of the players without the past history of injury. IR muscle strength (OR, 0.3; 95%CI, 0.11-0.72; p=0.008) and rugby experience (OR, 1.4; 95%CI, 1.11-1.66; p=0.003) were associated with the shoulder injuries. This study clearly showed that IR, ER, HF ROM, IR muscle strength and rugby experience were important initial risk factors for shoulder injuries. Moreover, IR muscle strength and rugby experience were important recurrence risk factors for shoulder injuries.