著者
今泉 和彦 立屋敷 かおる 滝澤 裕治 村上 晴久 直原 幹
出版者
The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.2, pp.161-177, 1997-04-01 (Released:2010-09-30)
参考文献数
29
被引用文献数
5

The difference between the dominant hand and the non-dominant hand in overarm throwing motions and ball-throwing distances were studied in student women. The subjects were divided into a trained group and an untrained group. A switch thrower, categorized in the training group, was also examined. The throwing time, moving distance and mean velocity of the ball in the overall throwing phase, back-swing phase and acceleration phase were determined by a high-speed video analysis system. Seven empirical parameters estimated from the overall throwing motion were also introduced. These physical quantities and parameters were compared between the dominant and non-dominant hands. The ball-throwing distances in the trained and untrained groups were 2.58 and 1.73 times higher for the dominant hand than for the non-dominant hand, respectively. The difference in these values for both the hands of the switch thrower, however, were very small. The throwing time, moving time, and mean ball velocity in the back-swing phase in the trained group were 1.16, 1.65 and 1.35 times higher for the dominant hand than for the non-dominant hand, respectively. These phenomena were not observed in the untrained group and the switch thrower. The mean ball velocities in the acceleration phase for the trained and untrained groups were 2.0 and 1.5 times higher for the dominant hand than for the non-dominant hand, respectively. These values were more highly correlated with the ball-throwing distance in the trained group than in the untrained group. Significant correlations between seven parameters and ball-throwing distance were all observed for the dominant hand. However, only three of these parameters showed significant correlations for the non-dominant hand. These results show that the relationship between ball-throwing distance and throwing motion is closer for the dominant hand than for the non-dominant hand. In the present paper, possible roles of the dominant and non-dominant hands in the relationship between throwing motion and ball-throwing distance are also discussed.
著者
松竹 貴大 夏原 隆之 小井土 正亮 鈴木 健介 田部井 祐介 中山 雅雄 浅井 武
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.67, no.1, pp.107-123, 2018-02-01 (Released:2018-01-19)
参考文献数
62
被引用文献数
2

In this study, observing football players under simulated playing conditions to measure event-related potentials (ERPs, i.e. P300), electromyography reaction time (EMG-RT), and reaction time (RT), we investigated neural correlates of information processing during selective reaction challenges. A high performance group included 13 collegiate football players who had previously won the All Japan University Championships. A low performance group included 13 collegiate football players who never competed at the national level or played in prefectural or regional competitions. We conducted a 4 vs. 2 ball possession task (i.e. a Go/NoGo task) under simulated playing conditions that required situational assessment. Our results showed that the high-performance group had a significantly higher correct response rate than did the low-performance group in 4 vs. 2 ball possession tasks. Moreover, the EMG-RT and RT of the high-performance group were significantly shorter than that of the low-performance group. Furthermore, the P100 and P300 latencies of the high-performance group was significantly shorter than those of the low-performance group. These findings indicated that high-performance football players could perform the task-relevant stages of information processing (such as visual information processing, stimulus evaluation, and motor response output) in a short time. There was no correlation between EMG-RT and P100 (Go, NoGo stimulation), indicating that initial visual information processing did not contribute to the execution of the final motor response. There was no correlation between EMG-RT and Go P300 latency, whereas a significant correlation with NoGo P300 latency was shown. This suggested that the stimulus evaluation system by NoGo stimuli (response inhibition) is strongly involved in the final motor output reaction.
著者
金久 博昭
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.1, pp.43-43, 2016
被引用文献数
2
著者
白山 正人
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.45, no.3, pp.395-398, 1996-06-01 (Released:2010-09-30)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
1 1
著者
佐藤 靖丈 丹羽 健市
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.1, pp.113-121, 1997-02-01 (Released:2010-09-30)
参考文献数
24
被引用文献数
1

運動時の飲水が発汗量に及ぼす影響を検討するために, 脱水状態及び種々の量の水分を補給しながら一定強度の運動を負荷し, その際の発汗量の相違ならびに体重減少率と体温上昇との関係及び飲水による体冷却効果から検討した.1.運動時の発汗量は運動開始前の脱水状態時, 運動時水分非補給時, 水分補給時にかかわらずほぼ一定値 (968~996g/hr) を示した.2.体重減少率は飲水量の増大に伴って有意に少ないが, 発汗量との間に有意な関係は認められなかった.3.運動時の直腸温は体重減少率の増大に伴って有意に上昇した.4.飲水による体冷却熱量は飲水量の増大に伴って増大し, 水分非補給時の貯熱量のほぼ13~45%の相当した.
著者
佐藤 佑 石河 利寛 青木 純一郎 清水 達雄 前嶋 孝
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.4, pp.165-176, 1977-12-01 (Released:2010-09-30)
参考文献数
35
被引用文献数
2

思春期前期, 思春期, 青年期, 壮年期の男女126名に, 体重あたり負荷が等しい3種類のbicycle ergometer運動を行なわせ, その時の心拍数, 血圧, 呼吸数の変化から運動に対する循環機能の年齢別, 性別反応の特徴を検討し次の結果を得た。1) 心拍数は中等度以上の運動では指数関数的に増加した。また運動強度と心拍数は直線関係にあった。年齢的特徴として, 男子の運動時心拍数は加齢とともに減少する安静時心拍数に比例して, 若年で高く青年・壮年で低くなったが, 強い運動時における壮年の心拍数は一段と高くなった。女子の安静時心拍数は, 男子と同様に年齢とともに減少したが, 同一運動による心拍数は, 男子に比較して大きく増加した。2) 心拍数の立ち上がりは若年で早く, 壮年で遅延する傾向にあった。これは運動終末心拍数を140拍/分に統一した時のtime courseである推定心拍数曲線からも明瞭に認められた。3) 収縮期血圧や脈圧は, いずれの年齢層においても運動強度とともに増加した。とくに壮年男子の運動時の血圧反応は, 若年に比較して大きかった。すなわち安静時の収縮期血圧, 脈圧は加齢とともに増加したが, 運動による反応も若年は小さく, 年齢とともに大きくなり, 壮年は最も大きかった。脈圧の増大は弛緩期血圧の低下より収縮期血圧の増加にもとつくものであった。女子も同様にいずれの年齢層でも運動強度とともに収縮期血圧, 脈圧は増加したが, とくに男子と異なり壮年の増加は小さく, また最強度の運動時血圧はあまり増加しなかった。4) 呼吸数は運動により急激に増加し, 運動後も速やかに安静値に戻った。またいずれの年層においても運動強度の増加とともに呼吸数は増加した。安静時呼吸数は, 男女ともに若年から壮年にかけて加齢とともに減少しているが, 運動による呼吸数の増加も若年で多く, 壮年で少なかった。運動時呼吸数の性差について, 女子は軽運動で男子の中等度運動に相当する増加を示し, 最強度の運動時呼吸数は一段と増加した。5) 心拍数, 血圧, 呼吸数の3指標間で, とくに若年において心拍数と血圧の間に高い相関が認められ, 運動時の循環機能における心拍数の重要性が強く認識された。
著者
清木 宏徳 森下 元賀 弘中 一誠 上田 亮輔 原田 幹彦
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.4, pp.301-309, 2017-08-01 (Released:2017-07-12)
参考文献数
24

The purpose of this study was to clarify the effects of external and internal factors (EF and IF, respectively) on attention during exercise on a cross test in elderly inpatients with respect to physical and attention functions. The subjects were 27 elderly inpatients with orthopedic diseases, cerebrovascular diseases, or disuse syndrome (mean age, 77.8±8.8 years). They were randomly divided into two groups, and instructed to pay attention in different directions for a cross test. Measurement was conducted in a pretest, during a 14-day period of practice, during a 7-day period of discontinuation, and in a post-test. In the EF group, the subjects were instructed to place their body weight on the floor while paying attention to the floor. In the IF group, they were instructed to tilt their whole body while paying attention to the body. The physical function was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale and Timed Up and Go Test, attention using the Trail Making Test Part-A. In the EF and IF groups, the physical and attention functions were lower than the reference ranges, and a cross test showed a significant improvement in the EF group both 7 days and post-test. On the other hand, there were no correlations between the improvement rating for the cross test in pre- and post-tests in the EF and IF groups and physical and attention functions. These results suggest that the use of EF improves the cross test in patients with mild physical, attention hypofunction, promoting exercise learning.

1 0 0 0 OA 生活,健康

出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.6, pp.773-817, 2011 (Released:2012-01-11)