著者

荻窪 哲也 日高 宗明 奥村 学 藤田 健一 山崎 啓之 浅生 将英 岩切 智美 佐々木 裕美 児玉 裕文 有森 和彦

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.5, pp.392-399, 2006-05-10

被引用文献数

2 2

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In view of the lack of information on the extent to which tea beverages inhibit the activity of human cytochrome P 450 3A (CYP 3A), we investigated their effect on the midazolam 1' -hydroxylation activity of CYP 3A contained in human liver microsomes. "Grapefruit (white)" was used as a positive control, and "Valencia Orange", as a negative control. All the tea beverages tested significantly inhibited the midazolam 1' -hydroxylation activity of CYP 3A in a concentration-dependent manner and inhibition was particularly marked for Katekin 600^[○!R] and Banso-reicha^[○!R] (5.0%, v/v). The potency of the inhibitory effects was similar to that of grapefruit. The inhibitory effects on the activity of CYP 3A were enhanced by preincubation of tea samples (2.5%, v/v) with microsomal fractions for 5 to 30min in a preincubation period-dependent manner. These results suggest that Katekin 600^[○!R] and Banso-reicha^[○!R] contain mechanism-based inhibiting agents. Further, the inhibitory effects on CYP 3A of green tea beverages seemed to be enhanced by catechins with the enhancement depending on the catechin concentration indicated on the label. In conclusion, we found that there were ingredients that inhibited CYP 3A activity in all of the tea beverages, and they were probably catechins.

著者

早川 裕二 大津 史子 矢野 玲子 三輪 一智 後藤 伸之

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.6, pp.488-495, 2007 (Released:2009-02-02)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2 1

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The purpose of this study was to identify drugs with a risk of causing Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS),toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) and the risk factors involved.From the CARPIS (Case Reports of Adverse Drug Reactions and Poisoning Information System) database,which contains 40,000 case reports of adverse drug reactions,we determined 258 cases (case group) matching the criteria for SJS/TEN/DIHS stated by the Japanese Ministry of Health,Labour and Welfare.We also selected 774 control cases (control group) which were sex- and age- matched (±1)with the case group.Next,various data were compared between the case group and the control group and the results analyzed statistically.In this regard,logistic regression analysis identified 2 drugs - carbamazepine (odds ratio : OR=5.21,95% confidence interval : 95% CI=2.68-10.06)and acetaminophen (OR=3.41,95% CI=1.12-10.51)that were associated with a significant elevation of the risk of SJS and TEN.Further,mexiletine hydrochloride (OR=205.48,95% CI=28.04-2330.89)and diaminodiphenylsulfone (OR=981.56,95% CI=94.84-25212.82),were found to be associated with a significant elevation of the risk of DIHS.By identifying certain risk factors for SJS,TEN and DIHS,the results of the present study would be useful in preventing severe drug reactions.

著者

加藤 博史 倉田 洋子 岸 里奈 近藤 純代 吉見 陽 川村 由季子 福島 久理子 水野 智博 脇 由香里 伊藤 達雄 山田 清文 鍋島 俊隆 野田 幸裕

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.24-30, 2009 (Released:2010-02-07)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

3 3

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In February 2005,Meijo and Nagoya Universities concluded an agreement with Nagoya University Hospital under which a resident faculty is stationed at the hospital.Nine graduate students are assigned to the resident faculty under whose guidance they engage in a variety of activities which include inpatient and outpatient pharmaceutical services under pharmacists and clinical research in collaboration with doctors at Nagoya University Hospital.In addition,our universities conduct practical training for fourth-year students for four-week periods each year from May to July.In 2007,a total of 41 students participated in the practical training at Nagoya University Hospital.Under the guidance of the resident faculty,graduate students instructed the students in activities conducted in hospital wards and the outpatient asthma clinic (we call this“age-mixing”).After the four-week training programs,a questionnaire survey was conducted to determine the participants’views concerning the training schedule,content of the training and the“Age-mixing Method”.The trainees had a favorable impression of the training with many selecting the responses“Our training went very well thanks to the support of the resident faculty”,“We learned a lot form graduate students”,“The Age-mixing Method is very useful for trainees”and“We realized that‘teaching is learning’”.The introduction of the Age-mixing Method not only allowed trainees to learn from graduate students,it also enabled graduate students to review and reinforce their knowledge and skills through teaching.We therefore believe that the Age-mixing Method is useful for both student trainees and graduate students.

著者

木村 康浩 大浜 修 土井 穂波 柴田 ゆうか 木平 健治

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.6, pp.573-577, 2008-06-10

被引用文献数

4

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Very little information is available on the quality of generic products and it has recently been reported that anaphylaxy shock occurred when a generic formulation of an injectable cefazolin sodium product was used in a patient before surgery. This suggests that the generic product contained impurities that caused such an adverse reaction. It is therefore important to determine the constituents of generic products and compare them with those of the original products. We analyzed the original cefazolin sodium product and 4 generics of it by means of high performance liquid chromatography in order to determine differences in quality between them. Three impurities were found in the original product and 4 in the generic products, respectively. However, the impurity content of all of the generic products was significantly higher than that of the original product and on analyzing synthetic samples of impurities which could possibly be contained in the cefazolin sodium products, the chromatographic peaks of three of them overlapped with the peaks observed in the chromatograms of the original and generic products. These results suggest that there can be great differences in quality between the original and generic products, and that the impurities might be cefazolin-related substances. We must therefore select generics based on an appraisal of the quality information available for them in order to minimize unexpected adverse reactions and achieve more cost effective and safe therapy.

著者

高橋 悠子 中村 任 守屋 友加 白木 孝 林 伸英 熊谷 俊一 岡村 昇 八木 麻理子 竹島 泰弘 松尾 雅文 栄田 敏之 奥村 勝彦

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.11, pp.1111-1116, 2006-11-10

参考文献数

23

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Recently, high dose gentamicin (GM) has started to be used for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Previously, since the intravenous infusion of GM for 1h once a week at a dose of 7.5mg/kg/day had caused no significant adverse events in a course of therapy lasting 6 months, we decided to try conducting such therapy for four courses in the present study. We continuously assessed renal function by monitoring serum creatinine, serum cystatin C (Cys-C), serum urea nitrogen (BUN), urinary β_2-microglobulin and urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity. Serum creatinine levels were found to be much lower than the normal range, while, at 0.65 to 0.78μg/mL, serum Cys-C levels, were within the normal range and so was BUN, suggesting that the glomerular filtration rate in the DMD patients receiving GM therapy was being maintained in the normal range. Therapeutic drug monitoring of GM indicated that it was being rapidly eliminated from the systemic circulation though a slight elevation of urinary NAG activity in 1 patient indicated the possibility of impaired renal proximal tubules. It will thus be necessary to optimize our patient management strategy.

著者

本田 義輝 齋藤 秀之

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.5, pp.391-398, 2005-05-10

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

8 11

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Very little quality information is available for generic pharmaceutical preparations and this is particularly so for injectable preparations for which few quality studies have been conducted. With this in mind, we conducted an inter-lot quality variation investigation on nafamostat mesilate preparations for both the original and generic products and compared the results. The investigation involved measuring amounts of impurities other than those of the active ingredient by high performance liquid chromatography. For the nine generic products investigated, impurity amounts were about 2.4 times that of the original (min. 2.0 times-max. 3.1 times). We determined that these differences were not due to hydrolysates of the active ingredient but to unknown substances since the amounts of these unknown substances in the generic products were about 5.7 times (min. 4.7 times-max. 8.0 times) their amount in the original product. Concerning inter-lot variation (maximum value-minimum value), we found that the variation in total impurity amounts for the generic products was 1.8 times (min. 0.7 times-max. 2.8 times) that of the original product, while the variation in unknown substance amounts for the generics was 3.1 times (min. 1.0 times-max. 4.6 times) that for the original. The results of the present study suggest that it is necessary to take inter-lot variation into account in evaluating the quality of generic products. They also suggest that the higher contents of unknown impurities in the generics could be a cause of the in-circuit precipitation which has been reported with generic versions of nafamostat mesilate during blood purification in the clinical setting.

著者

細見 光一 室井 延之 東 和夫 池田 りき子 魚本 智子 大川 恭子 三宅 圭一 中川 素子 河本 由紀子 清原 義史 金 啓二 沢崎 高志 小野 達也 西田 英之 大野 真理子 緒方 園子 福島 昭二 徳山 尚吾 大西 憲明 平井 みどり 松山 賢治

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.64-72, 2006-01-10

被引用文献数

6 7

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We conducted a survey on the practical training of pharmacy students in 47 community pharmacies and 76 hospital pharmacies in Hyogo Prefecture. Items surveyed included the acceptance system for pharmacy students, practical training curriculum, problems and difficulties. In many community pharmacies and hospital pharmacies, instruction in practical training was recognized as worthwhile despite the workload involved. Though the content of the practical training varied, dispensing and medication instruction were the most common items in the practical training for both community pharmacies and hospital pharmacies. Communication with patients and management of medication history were the focus of training in community pharmacies, while the major aspects of training in hospital pharmacies were dispensing of injections and TDM (therapeutic drug monitoring). Many pharmacists were of the opinion that the content and goals of the training should be reviewed and that it needed to be further evaluated. Revision of the practical training in universities was also recommended. Further, in order to achieve an efficient practical training curriculum it was felt that the training should be more linked to the special characteristics of community pharmacies and hospital pharmacies.

著者

佐藤 美佳 古川 裕之 松嶋 由紀子 横井 祐子 宮本 謙一

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.3, pp.245-250, 2007-03-10

被引用文献数

2 1

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In clinical trials,patient name,date of birth,and sex are items of medical information used to refer to patients.Generally speaking,patient names are indicated by their initials.However,there are doubts as to whether patients may remain completely unidentified when initials are used.In this study,we investigated the identification levels of patients through the combination of the above three patient data items in post marketing surveillance data.We also investigated the necessity of items recorded in case registration forms for pharmaceutical companies and medical institutions.We investigated combinations of"K.K"and"Jan.2,1947"which were assumed to relate to the largest populations in the database of patient medical information at Kanazawa University Hospital.The total number of patients in the database with combinations of the above was 358,251.The number of patients with the initials"K.K."was 7,892(1/45),that with the initials"K.K"and"1947"was 173(1/2000),and that with the initials"K.K","1947" and"Jan"was 23,while there were only 4 patients(1/8500)with the initials"K.K.""1947","Jan"and "2".These results indicate that it would be possible to identify patients from the combination of their initials and their date of birth(DD/MM/YY).However,the size of the patient population in each medical institution's database would be an important factor since it would determine the extent to which this could be done.From the point of view of protecting personal information,it is thus necessary to consider whether it is appropriate to use patients' initials and dates of birth based on the size of patient population.

著者

遠原 大地 後藤 玲子 伊東 弘樹 森 一生 鳥越 繁治 中川 辰二 因泥 栄一郎 武山 正治

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.255-260, 2004-04-10

被引用文献数

2 2

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We developed a support system for pharmaceutical counseling services using a handheld computer loaded with HS-WIN. HS-WIN is standard software for pharmaceutical counseling services that is compatible with Windows X-P, 2000 and 98. Our support system is linked to the pharmacy network system of Oita University Hospital. It enables various kinds of information to be retrieved from the pharmacy network system and shown on the display of a handheld computer. This includes drug information, names, sex, birth dates, heights and weights of patients as well as clinical department and ward-related information. The handheld computers are the VAIO PCG-U 1 and PCG-U 3 (SONY, Inc.) and they are used at the bedside. To evaluate the effectiveness of our system,we measured the time required for the management of medication histories and patient counseling records for three wards.The system was able to reduce the time required per patient by an average of 34 minutes.

著者

吉山 友二 尾鳥 勝也 厚田 幸一郎 矢後 和夫 藤金 治雄 緒方 憲太郎 二神 幸次郎

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.4, pp.365-369, 2007-04-10

被引用文献数

2

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Elcatonin injection is used for the treatment of osteoporosis in Japan. In order to compare the original product with generic versions, we measured the elcatonin content and amounts of impurities in both using high performance liquid chromatography, and observed changes in content with time under the conditions of light exposure and shaking. We found that elcatonin content and amounts of impurities varied among the generics and that changes in content with time under the above conditions for some generics were greater than the changes for the original product. These results suggest that some generic products should not be considered to be equivalent to the original product.