著者
氏家 良博 谷口 貴康 蝦名 正輝
出版者
日本地質学会
雑誌
地質學雜誌 (ISSN:00167630)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.112, no.10, pp.581-593, 2006-10-15
被引用文献数
2 2

青森県東津軽郡外ヶ浜町蟹田において津軽断層近傍に分布する中新統小泊層と鮮新-更新統蟹田層の地質調査を行い,堆積岩に含まれる有機物の熟成度をビトリナイトの反射率(Ro)と、花粉の明度に基づく統計的熱変質指標(stTAI)から測定した.次に,津軽断層で接する小泊層と蟹田層の有機熟成度の差,および小泊層と蟹田層中でのそれぞれの有機熟成速度から津軽断層の変位量を推定するためのモデルを考えた.地質調査と露頭観察結果から,津軽断層の断層面は鉛直で,その走向は周辺の地層の走向と一致し,地層の傾斜は30°とした.これらの値と,津軽断層の両側での統計的熱変質指標の値の差をモデルに外挿すると,津軽断層の変位量(落差;走向スリップ成分は無視)は901〜1389mの間と推定される.この値は,地質学的に推定された断層の層位学的隔離は最大1000m以上との見積り(三村,1979)、重力異常からの断層の落差は約1500mとの見積もり(松橋ほか,1989)とも,よく一致する.有機熟成度は,続成作用,不整合,接触変成作用の研究に役立つが,断層の研究にも有効な指標である.
著者
青木 正和 片山 透 山岸 文雄 横田 総一郎 亀田 和彦 斎藤 肇 原 耕平 江崎 孝行 河合 忠 四元 秀毅 関口 進
出版者
一般社団法人 日本結核病学会
雑誌
結核 (ISSN:00229776)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.10, pp.593-605, 1994-10-15 (Released:2011-05-24)
参考文献数
8
被引用文献数
8

Recently, a new kit to detect and indentify mycobacteria in clinical specimens was developed by Japan Roche Co. Limited. The new method is based on amplification of DNA of mycobacteria in clinical specimens by PCR and hybridization of amplified DNA b. microwell plate hybridization method, which is the “AmplicorTM Mycobacteria, Roche. (AMP-M) ”. Cooperative study was organized with 15 tuberculosis hospitals and institu tions throughout Japan, and 349 clinical specimens from newly admitted tuberculosis patients and/or suspects were collected during July and August, 1993. All the specimens were examined by smear microscopy (Ziehl-Neelsen's staining), culture on Ogawa egg media, culture on variant 7H9 liquid media and by AMP-M. Excluding 25 specimens which had failed to identify the species of mycobacteria because of contamination, disability to multiply on the transplanted solid media and so on, the results of the examinations in 324 specimens consisting of 167 specimens from previously untreated cases and those of 157 specimens from previously treated cases were analysed. Main results obtained were as follows;1. Of 70 smear positive specimens from previously untreated cases, culture positive on Ogawa media and 7H9 media, and by AMP-M positive were 59 (84.3%), 61 (87.1%) and 66 (94.3%), respectively. Of 97 smear negative specimens, culture positive were 20 (20.6%), 22 (22.7%) and 27 (27.8%), respectively. The AMP-M showed the highest positive rate in both groups.2. The sensitivity and the specificity of AMP-M in previously untreated cases were calculated by assuming that positive on Ogawa and/or variant 7H9 media is “positive”. The sensitivity was 95.8% (68/71) and the specificity was 94.8% (91/96) for M. tuberculosis in previously untreated cases. The sensitivity and the specificity for M. avium and M. intracellulare were all 100%, although the numbers observed were small.3. So-called false positive of the AMP-M were observed in 5 cases out of 96 culture negatives on both Ogawa and variant 7H9 media. However, all 5 cases were positive by repeated AMP-M, 3 become culture positive later, and another 2 showed clinical findings consistent with tuberculosis. Hence, the authors considered that the false positive rate of the AMP-M method is to be very low in previously untreated cases.4. Of 86 smear positive cases with history of previous chemotherapy, the positive culture on Ogawa media, variant 7H9 media and that by AMP-M method were 64 (74.4%), 77 (89.5%) and 85 (98.8%), respectively. In the smear negative cases, culture positive was 10 out of 71 (14.1%), 13 (18.3%) and 24 (33.8%), respectively.5. The sensitivity and the specificity of the AMP-M were 98.7% (77/78) and 81.0% (64/79) for M. tuberculosis in previously treated cases calculated by the same method as in previously untreated cases. They were 77.8% (7/9) and 100% (148/148) for M. avium, and 100% (4/4) and 100% (153/153) for M. intracellulare.Based on these results, the authors concluded that the AMP-M is a very efficient and rapid method to detect and identify M. tuberculosis, M. avium and/or M. intracellulare in clinical specimens. This method will be useful to diagnose tuberculosis and diseases caused by mycobacteria other than M. tuberculosis rapidly.
著者
芳司 俊郎 杉本 旭
出版者
独立行政法人 労働安全衛生総合研究所
雑誌
労働安全衛生研究 (ISSN:18826822)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, no.2, pp.35-41, 2013 (Released:2013-12-05)
参考文献数
8

労働現場では様々な自動生産機械が用いられ,重筋労働や有害環境下での労働から労働者を解放している.一方,自動生産機械による労働災害も数多く発生しているところである.本論文では,自動生産機械の操作について災害防止の観点から考察し,機械の操作には迅速に行うことが求められる操作(遅れることが許されない操作)と,落ち着いて行うことが求められる操作(早まることが許されない操作)があり,操作ボタンにはこれらの操作に適した色や形状があるが,この特性は「時間軸上の非対称性」として評価されることを示した.また,労働者が生産機械のリスクを受け入れるためには危害の大きさが十分に小さいか,又は危険からの回避行動が容易であることが求められるが,時間軸上の非対称性を高めることにより,自動生産機械が持つ危険の受容を容易にする可能性について示した.