著者

Jun SATO Yasuhito YAMAMOTO Tsuneaki NAKAMURA Shigeru ISHIDA Yutaka TAKAGI

出版者

The Japanese Society of Toxicology

雑誌

The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.339-347, 2005 (Released:2006-01-11)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3 3

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We evaluated the toxicity of tetradecanoic acid methyl ester sodium salt (C14-MES), a major component of fabric detergents, following the test guidelines of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. The rat acute oral LD50 was 1,000 mg/kg in males and 500 mg/kg in females. Applying the combined repeated dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test (ReproTox), we exposed groups of Crj:CD (SD) IGS rats to C14-MES in the diet at concentrations of 0, 0.3, 0.6, or 1.2%. We observed decreases in fibrinogen levels and longer prothrombin time at the 1.2% treated level in females and decreases in serum triglyceride levels in both sexes at the 0.6% and 1.2% treatment levels, but the effects were not clinically significant. The no-observed-effect-level (NOEL) for repeated dose toxicity was 0.3% (175 mg/kg body weight/day for males, 249 for females). The NOEL for reproduction/developmental toxicity was 1.2% (740 mg/kg for males, 1039 for females). C14-MES was negative in the reverse gene mutation assay and the chromosomal aberration test and did not induce skin sensitization in the guinea pig maximization test. These data confirm that C14-MES is of low hazard potential.

著者

Toshiharu TAKEI Hiroshi ODAKE Kazuaki MIURA Yutaka TAKAGI

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.121-126, 2006 (Released:2006-02-11)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3 4

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This paper reports the ecotoxicological study of “tetradecanoic acid, 2-sulfo-, 1-methylester, sodium salt (C14MES)”. This salt was synthesized by sulfonating 1-methyl tetradecanoic acid derived from palm oil and coconut oil with sulfur trioxide. The tests were attempted in accordance with the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals. The 72 h ErC50 exceeded 100 mg/L in the alga growth inhibition test. In the daphnia acute immobilization and reproduction tests, 17.2 mg/L of 48 h EC50 and 4.10 mg/L of NOEC were derived, respectively. These ecotoxicities of C14MES were equivalent to or lower than that of other similar anionic surfactants, such as LAS (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate) or AOS (alpha olefin sulfonate).

出版者

女子高等師範学校

巻号頁・発行日

vol.明治26年12月現在, 1894

出版者

東京人事興信所

巻号頁・発行日

vol.明治44年後期, 1911

著者

Kim Young-ho Zhao Jianwei Uosaki Kohei

出版者

American Institute of Physics

雑誌

Journal of Applied Physics (ISSN:00218979)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.94, no.12, pp.7733-7738, 2003-12-15

被引用文献数

8

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Nanosized patterns of tantalum oxide were fabricated on a tantalum substrate by applying a potential pulse utilizing current sensing atomic force microscopy (CSAFM). The dimensions of the dots were strongly dependent on the bias applied, scan rate, and potential pulse duration. By controlling these variables, the minimum size nanodots with full width at half maximum of 35 nm was achieved. Immediately after pattern formation, the electrical properties of the Ta oxide nanodots were measured using CSAFM. The charge transport at the CSAFM tip and the nanosized Ta oxide dot can be described by Poole–Frenkel type conduction. The relative dielectric constant of the nanosized Ta2O5 dots was calculated to be 17.8–24.3, showing that the quality of the oxide was high. In addition, by controlling the substrate bias applied, pulse duration, and tip scan speed, nanosized Ta oxide lines with the desired dimensions were prepared.

著者

Khondkar Ehteshamul KABIR Daizo HIROWATARI Katsuhiro WATANABE Daizo KOGA

出版者

Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Agrochemistry

雑誌

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry (ISSN:09168451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1, pp.252-262, 2006 (Released:2006-01-23)

参考文献数

60

被引用文献数

17

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75-kDa chitinase, which showed potential as a biocontrol agent against Japanese pine sawyer, was characterized after purification from the integument of the fifth instar larvae of Bombyx mori by chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (DEAE)-Toyoperal 650 (M), hydroxylapatite, and Fractogel EMD DEAE 650 (M) columns. The optimum pH was 6.0 toward N-acetylchitopentaose (GlcNAc5) and 10 toward glycolchitin. The optimum temperature was 60 °C toward GlcNAc5 and 25 °C toward glycolchitn. The enzyme was stable at pH 7–10 and below 40 °C. Kinetic analysis and reaction-pattern analysis using glycolchitin and N-acetylchitooligosacchraides as substrates indicated that 75-kDa chitinase is an endo- or random-type hydrolytic enzyme to produce the β anomeric product and that it prefers the longer N-acetylchitooligosaccharides, suggesting, together with the N-terminal amino acid sequence, that the 75-kDa chitinase belongs to family 18 of glycosyl hydrolases.

著者

土屋良遵 編

出版者

六盟館

巻号頁・発行日

vol.上, 1905

著者

保田 明夫

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌) (ISSN:03854221)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.125, no.5, pp.682-689, 2005 (Released:2005-08-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2 2

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The objective of this paper is to give overviews of text mining or textual data mining in Japan from the practical aspects. Text mining is the technology utilized for analyzing large volumes of textual data applying various parameters for purpose of withdrawing useful knowledge and information. The essence of “Mining” is "the discovery of knowledge or information." And target of text mining is to objectively discover and extract knowledge, facts, and meaningful relationships from the text documents. This paper summarizes the related disciplines and application fields which are applied in text mining, and introduces features and application examples of text mining tools.

著者

濱田 康行

出版者

社団法人 全国信用組合中央協会

雑誌

信用組合

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.5, pp.10-13, 2005-05

著者

岡本 真

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.86-88, 2006 (Released:2006-05-01)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

近藤元粋 編

出版者

青木嵩山堂

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, 1911

著者

榊原 正幸 上原 誠一郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉱物科学会

雑誌

岩石鉱物科学 (ISSN:1345630X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.3-10, 2006 (Released:2006-03-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

2 1

---

The term asbestos is a generic designation given to six types of naturally occurring mineral fibers that are or have been used in commercial products. These fibers belong to two mineral groups: serpentines and amphiboles. The serpentine group contains a single asbestiform variety: chrysotile. The amphibole group contains five asbestiform amphibole varieties: anthophyllite, grunerite (amosite), riebeckite (crocidolite), tremolite and actinolite.     These fibrous minerals share several properties which qualify them as asbestiform fibers. They are bundles of fibers which can be easily cleaved into thinner fibers. Several properties that make asbestos so versatile and cost effective are high tensile strength, chemical and thermal stability, high flexibility, and low electrical conductivity.     Asbestos fibers have been used in a broad variety of industrial application; some 3000 applications such as roofing products, gaskets, and friction products. 80% of imported asbestos is used for cement products such as asbestos boards and slates which are used for building materials, 7% for friction materials, and less than 3% for asbestos textile. Nearly all of the asbestos produced worldwide is chrysotile. Historically, chrysotile has accounted for more than 90% of the world’s asbestos production, and it presently accounts for over 99% of the world production. Two types of amphiboles, commonly designated as amosite and crocidolite are no longer mined. With the onset of the health issues concerning asbestos in the late 1960s and early 1970s, world production and consumption began to decline during the 1980s. Japan used approximately 6.7 million tons between 1974 and 2004. About 67% of this amount was used since 1930.     The relationship between workplace exposure to airborne asbestos fibers and respiratory diseases is one of the most widely studied subjects of modern epidemiology. The research efforts resulted in significant consensus that asbestos fibers can be associated with diseases of asbestosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma. Its carcinogenic nature, an overall lack of knowledge of minimum safe exposure levels, and the long latency for the development of lung cancer and mesothelioma are the main contributing factors to these controversies.

著者

逸見 勝亮

出版者

教育史学会

雑誌

日本の教育史学:教育史学紀要 (ISSN:03868982)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, pp.112-132, 1990-10-27

著者

佐野藤右衛門著

出版者

誠文堂新光社

巻号頁・発行日

1970

著者

田邊 稔

出版者

慶応義塾大学メディアセンター本部

雑誌

慶應義塾大学 MediaNet (ISSN:09198474)

巻号頁・発行日

no.11, pp.42-46, 2004

被引用文献数

1

著者

堤 洋樹

出版者

Waseda University

巻号頁・発行日

2003-03

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制度:新 ; 文部省報告番号:甲1768号 ; 学位の種類:博士(工学) ; 授与年月日:2003/3/6 ; 早大学位記番号:新3531

出版者

Berkeley Linguistics Society

巻号頁・発行日

1975

出版者

The Berkeley Linguistics Society. University of California

著者

武山 洋士 瀬野尾 和隆 大槻 隆 木村 光照

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌E(センサ・マイクロマシン部門誌) (ISSN:13418939)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.122, no.5, pp.280-284, 2002 (Released:2003-03-28)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1

---

Semiconductor magnetodiode with very small size, which has similar operation-principle to the SMD (Sony magnetodiode), has been fabricated on a thin Si film of SOI substrate and its fundamental characteristics are evaluated. This magnetodiode is able to fabricate together with ICs such as amplifier, driving circuits, compensation circuits, etc. using the update semiconductor IC technologies on a Si chip. Double injection in this magnetodiode is confirmed, and the magnetic sensitivity of ΔI/I0∼=10% at H=1kOe is obtained in this double injection regime even under non-optimized conditions.

著者

原田 実 水野 高宏

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.85-93, 2001 (Released:2002-02-28)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

3 6

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Up to now, the research on the automation of object-oriented analysis, especially extracting objectoriented design elements from the problem specification written in Japanese, has been continued in the Harada laboratory since 1993. As this first process, we have developed the semantic analysis system SAGE which could be practically useable both in the performance and in the accuracy. Given a dependency tree, where clauses constituting a sentence are related by dependency arcs, SAGE searches the EDR electronic dictionary, retrieves for any two clauses connected by a dependency arc the meaning of the principal word in each clause and the deep case between such two words, and assigns the probability of such meaning-case tuple. Then, SAGE constructs an interpretation tree by allocating such meaning-case tuple and its probability to each arc in the dependency tree. Next, SAGE searches for the allocation having the maximum of the overall evaluation value given by the sum of the probability of the allocated meaning and cases. Finally, SAGE converts the resulting interpretation tree into the set of semantic frames containing the information of each word and relations with other words. In developing the system, we achieved speed-up of the construction of the interpretation tree by reducing the search space with pruning useless meaning-case tuples and by using the branch and bound method. Moreover the accuracy improvement of the analysis was achieved by applying the following four methods: (A)in constructing the interpretation tree, assigning 0 probability to all the combination of word meanings with which there are no “case” information in the concept description dictionary, (B)using the experimental rules to presume the deep cases from the surface cases to each dependency between verb clauses, (C)improving the fitness of the sentences retrieved from corpus by using part of speech, and (D)decreasing the number of meaning candidates by using reading information. As a result, the average interpretation construction time of one sentence with nine clauses or less was 2 seconds on a PC with the Pentium III processor using 320MB memory. The correct answer rate of the meaning was 82.1%, and that of the case was 77.8%.