著者
Takai Nobuo Shigefuji Michiko Rajaure Sudhir Bijukchhen Subeg Ichiyanagi Masayoshi Dhital Megh Raj Sasatani Tsutomu
出版者
Springer
雑誌
Earth, Planets and Space (ISSN:13438832)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, no.1, pp.1-8, 2016-01-26
被引用文献数
97 2

On 25 April 2015, a large earthquake of Mw 7.8 occurred along the Main Himalayan Thrust fault in central Nepal. It was caused by a collision of the Indian Plate beneath the Eurasian Plate. The epicenter was near the Gorkha region, 80 km northwest of Kathmandu, and the rupture propagated toward east from the epicentral region passing through the sediment-filled Kathmandu Valley. This event resulted in over 8000 fatalities, mostly in Kathmandu and the adjacent districts. We succeeded in observing strong ground motions at our four observation sites (one rock site and three sedimentary sites) in the Kathmandu Valley during this devastating earthquake. While the observed peak ground acceleration values were smaller than the predicted ones that were derived from the use of a ground motion prediction equation, the observed peak ground velocity values were slightly larger than the predicted ones. The ground velocities observed at the rock site (KTP) showed a simple velocity pulse, resulting in monotonic-step displacements associated with the permanent tectonic offset. The vertical ground velocities observed at the sedimentary sites had the same pulse motions that were observed at the rock site. In contrast, the horizontal ground velocities as well as accelerations observed at three sedimentary sites showed long duration with conspicuous long-period oscillations, due to the valley response. The horizontal valley response was characterized by large amplification (about 10) and prolonged oscillations. However, the predominant period and envelope shape of their oscillations differed from site to site, indicating a complicated basin structure. Finally, on the basis of the velocity response spectra, we show that the horizontal long-period oscillations on the sedimentary sites had enough destructive power to damage high-rise buildings with natural periods of 3 to 5 s.
著者
藤田 翔 フジタ ショウ Fujita Sho
出版者
大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科 社会学・人間学・人類学研究室
雑誌
年報人間科学 (ISSN:02865149)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.37, pp.123-141, 2016-03-31

時間と空間とは何か?この問い掛けに関しては、紀元前より多くの議論が交わされてきた。近年ではこの問い掛けは、科学の最先端である物理学によって大いに解明されてきた。20世紀初頭にアインシュタインによって提唱された一般相対性理論によれば、時間も空間の一種であり、時空間そのものは構造を持っていて、その構造は存在している物体によって影響を受ける。時間の流れるスピードは一定ではなく、時空間は曲がっているという、当時の常識を越えた発想は、時空の哲学を益々飛躍させた。さらにその後も物理理論は休むことなく進展し、現代宇宙論や量子重力でも時空は4次元を超えて、物理の最も根本的な系(パラメータ)として扱われている。本論文は、その最も根本的とされる時空間の存在を、改めて哲学的にカテゴライズし、一般相対性理論の枠組みにおいて、時空の実在性にある種の答えを提供することを目的としている。時空に関してその存在を主張する実体説 (substantivalism) と、時空をあくまでモノの性質と見なす関係説 (ralationism) の長い対立を背景に、構造実在論(structural realism) という考え方を介入することによって、結局はいずれの相反する立場も突き詰めれば共通して、「時空の本質はその構造全体にある」ということに着眼していることを示す。
著者
平井 耕太郎 喜多 かおる 三賢 訓久 藤川 直也 北見 一夫
出版者
泌尿器科紀要刊行会
雑誌
泌尿器科紀要 (ISSN:00181994)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.4, pp.283-286, 2005-04

14歳.学校の健診で膿尿を指摘され受診した.1日15~20回程度の頻尿および1日に2~3個のパッド使用を要する尿失禁を自覚していた.排尿性尿路造影で骨盤内に6cm程度の円筒形と考えられる異物を認めた.問診では1年前にスプレー缶を自分で腟に挿入し,抜去しようとしたところキャップが腟内に残ったまま抜けてしまい,そのまま放置していたとのことであった.膀胱造影で膀胱後方への造影剤溢流を認め,膀胱腟瘻が示唆された.用手的に異物の除去を試みたが不可能であったため,全身麻酔下に腟内異物除去および経腟的膀胱腟瘻閉鎖術を施行した.腟内を膀胱鏡で観察すると腟口から約2cmのところに異物が認められ,非観血的に摘出できた.膀胱腟瘻は閉鎖術後3ヵ月で再発したため経腹的閉鎖術を施行し,以後再発はない
著者
Chiba Shigeru
出版者
東京大学大学院理学系研究科情報科学専攻
巻号頁・発行日
1996-12-16

報告番号: 甲12269 ; 学位授与年月日: 1996-12-16 ; 学位の種別: 課程博士 ; 学位の種類: 博士(理学) ; 学位記番号: 博理第3128号 ; 研究科・専攻: 理学系研究科情報科学専攻
著者
Araki Shôrô
出版者
Kinokuniya
雑誌
Lectures in Mathematics
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, 1973

Errata slip inserted ; Bibliography: p. 100-101
著者
松沢 哲郎
出版者
京都大学ヒマラヤ研究会; 京都大学ブータン友好プログラム; 京都大学霊長類学・ワイルドライフサイエンス・リーディング大学院
雑誌
ヒマラヤ学誌 : Himalayan Study Monographs (ISSN:09148620)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, pp.13-22, 2014-03-28

Within the space of just 16 months, May 1973 to September 1974, members of the Kyoto University Mountaineering club both accomplished two first ascents and underwent four tragedies in Himalaya and in Japan. The aim of this paper is threefold. First, to set down the events of that period as accurately as possible. Second, to reflect on why the expeditions were launched and the accidents happened, within the broader historical context of the 60 year-span between the mid 60's and 2013. Third, to look to the future, taking account of lessons learned from the 1973-74 tragedies. As a 22 year-old undergraduate, in February 1973, I joined the expedition to Kangchenjunga to climb the West peak named Yalungkang (8505m) in Nepal. At that time, it was the highest virgin peak in the world. Two team members succeeded in reaching the summit, but one did not make it back down. After the expedition, the two youngest members, Shinichi Takagi and I, travelled to Pakistan to identify the next target peak in the Karakorum Himalaya. On returning to Japan in August, we learned that a young member of our club had fallen to his death in the Japanese Alps. This was followed by further fatalities caused by an avalanche on Mt. Yari, also in the Japanese Alps, in late November. This single incident resulted in the loss of five of our members. In spite of this, at the critical moment, we were either unwilling or unable to stop the next Himalayan expedition to K12 (7428 m) in Karakorum in 1974. Takagi and his partner accomplished the first ascent of K12, but failed to return to base camp. In sum, we carried out two first ascents and experienced four accidents, losing nine dear friends within 1 year and 4 months. After a long hiatus, we recommenced climbing mountains with a completely different mind-set. Our aim shifted from the traditional focus of achieving first ascents to the new goal of academic niche construction in the Himalayas. The current journal title "Himalayan Study Monograph"(ISSN 0914-8620) was founded on 10th March 1990. Together, Kozo Matsubayashi and me started this journal. We were also jointly responsible for founding the Association of the Study of Himalaya (ASH). Members of ASH have organized Himalayan expeditions, called KUMREH, since 1989; resulting in the creation of entirely new academic disciplines such as 'Field Medicine', and in the production of a young disciplines such as Wildlife Science. Next year, 2014, is the 25th anniversary of this new initiative in the Himalayas. The 15 volumes of this journal are representative of our collective effort. This paper explains both the rationale behind ASH and the reason for its creation; the 1973-74 tragedies having prompted a paradigm shift of mountaineering in Himalaya in terms of aim and focus.
著者
池内 紀
出版者
早稲田ドイツ語学・文学会編集委員会
雑誌
Waseda Blätter (ISSN:13403710)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, pp.75-83, 2001-03-25
著者
平山 晃司
出版者
京都大学西洋古典研究会
雑誌
西洋古典論集 (ISSN:02897113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, pp.37-71, 1998-08-10

この論文は国立情報学研究所の学術雑誌公開支援事業により電子化されました。
著者
古壕 典洋
出版者
東京大学大学院教育学研究科
雑誌
東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, pp.135-144, 2012-03-10

The purpose of this paper is to consider the nature of university correspondence education in the establishment of the period. I think if we consider the nature of university correspondence education, and it is inconsistent with freedom of teaching and learning this "schooling" we need to ask the principle and the relationship. However, in former research, the reason why "schooling" exists in the public education system of a university correspondence education is not clarified. I would like to consider how a university correspondence education and "schooling" had caught by the policymaker and a correspondence education actor. As a result of the study, university correspondence education institutions founded in the establishment of the period, the teaching and learning is a form of non-contiguously assumption that teaching and learning activities. Therefore, it is always "fatal weaknesses" and "intrinsic flaws" of structural problems, would more constantly summon new allegations. Therefore, I clarified that the university correspondence education has the nature for which what is contradictory to the free nature of its teaching and learning must be taken in.