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2 0 0 0 OA Coherent optical control of the ultrafast dephasing and mobility in a polar semiconductor

著者: Lee J. D. Gomi H. Hase Muneaki
出版者: American Institute of Physics
雑誌: Journal of applied physics (ISSN:00218979)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.106, no.8, pp.083501, 2009-10-16
被引用文献数: 1 3

Using the nonperturbative many-body time-dependent approach, we investigate the nonequilibrium dynamics of the coherent longitudinal optical phonon-plasmon coupled (LOPC) modes in a polar semiconductor and explore their coherent optical control and eventually the carrier mobility of the semiconductor. The basic idea for a control of the carrier mobility is to manipulate the ultrafast dephasing of the coherent carrier-relevant LOPC mode. We theoretically propose two possible options to realize the idea and reach the final goal. One is to optimize a semiconductor by finely balancing two kinds of carrier densities by chemical doping and optical doping (or photodoping), where the relaxation of the coherent carrier-relevant LOPC mode would respond in a (weak) singular way. It is found that, in this way, the carrier mobility could be enhanced by a few tens of percent. The other is to optimize the optical pumping laser. In this option, the pulse train creating pure virtual carriers through the below-band-gap excitation would be incorporated for an optical pumping, which can make possible the dephasing-free dynamics of the coherent carrier-relevant LOPC mode. The carrier mobility can then be efficiently controlled and dramatically enhanced by synchronizing the pulse train with its coherent oscillation. This might imply one of ultimate ways to control the carrier mobility of the semiconductor

2013-01-24 08:31:23
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2 0 0 0 OA Local detection of three-dimensional inclusions in electrical impedance tomography

著者: Ide T Isozaki H Nakata S Siltanen S
出版者: Institute of Physics
雑誌: Inverse problems (ISSN:02665611)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.26, no.3, pp.035001, 2010-03
被引用文献数: 12 12

Assume one is given a three-dimensional bounded domain with an unknown conductivity distribution inside. Further, suppose that the conductivity consists of a known background and unknown anomalous regions (inclusions) where conductivity values are unknown and different from the background. A method is introduced in Ide et al (2007 Commun. Pure Appl. Math. 60 1415–42) for locating inclusions approximately from noisy localized voltage-to-current measurements performed at the boundary of the body. The method is based on the use of complex geometrical optics solutions and hyperbolic geometry; numerical testing is presented in the aforementioned paper for the two-dimensional case. This work reports the results of computational implementation of the method in dimension three, where both the simulation of data and the computerized inversion algorithm are more complicated than in dimension two. Three new regularizing steps are added to the algorithm, resulting in significantly better robustness against noise. Numerical experiments are reported, suggesting that the approximate location of the inclusions can be reliably recovered from the data with a realistic level of measurement noise. Potential applications of the results include early diagnosis of breast cancer, underground contaminant detection and nondestructive testing.

2013-01-24 08:31:17
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2 0 0 0 OA Geographical distribution for malignant neoplasm of the pancreas in relation to selected climatic factors in Japan

著者: Kinoshita Setsuko Wagatsuma Yukiko Okada Masafumi
出版者: BioMed Central
雑誌: International journal of health geographics
巻号頁・発行日: vol.6, pp.34, 2007-07
被引用文献数: 28 30

BackgroundMalignant neoplasm of the pancreas has become one of the leading causes of death from malignant neoplasm in Japan (the 5th in 2003). Although smoking is believed to be a risk factor, other risk factors remain unclear. Mortality from malignant neoplasm of the pancreas tends to be higher in northern Japan and in northern European countries. A recent study reported that standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for malignant neoplasm of the pancreas were negatively correlated to global solar radiation level. People residing in regions with lower solar radiation and lower temperatures may be at higher risk of development of malignant neoplasm of the pancreas. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between SMRs for malignant neoplasm of the pancreas and climatic factors, such as the amount of global solar radiation and the daily maximum temperature in Japan.ResultsThe study used multiple linear regression models. Number of deaths and demographic data from 1998 to 2002 were used for the calculation of SMR. We employed mesh climatic data for Japan published in 2006 by the Japan Meteorological Agency. Regression coefficients for the amount of global solar radiation and the daily maximum temperature in males were -4.35 (p = 0.00034) and -2.81 (p < 0.0001) respectively, and those in females were -5.02 (p < 0.0001) and -1.87 (p < 0.0001) respectively. Increased amount of global solar radiation or daily maximum temperature was significantly related to the decreased SMRs for malignant neoplasm of the pancreas in both males and females.ConclusionThis study suggested that low solar radiation and low temperature might relate to the increasing risk of malignant neoplasm of the pancreas. Use of group data has a limitation in the case of evaluating environmental factors affecting health, since the impact of climatic factors on the human body varies according to individual lifestyles and occupations. Use of geographical mesh climatic data, however, proved useful as an index of risk or beneficial factors in a small study area. Further research using individual data is necessary to elucidate the relationship between climatic factors and the development of malignant neoplasm of the pancreas.

2013-01-24 08:31:06
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2 0 0 0 OA Phase control of magnetic state of graphite thin films by electric field

著者: Otani Minoru Takagi Yoshiteru Koshino Mikito Okada Susumu
出版者: American Institute of Physics
雑誌: Applied physics letters (ISSN:00036951)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.96, no.24, pp.242504, 2010-06
被引用文献数: 25

Based on first-principle total-energy calculations, we have found that by applying an external electric field it is possible to control the magnetic state of graphite thin film with the rhombohedral stacking arrangement. When exposed to a moderate electric field normal to the film, the surface of a thin film of rhombohedral graphite undergoes a magnetic phase transition from the antiferromagnetic state to the ferromagnetic state. The polarized electron spin is primarily distributed in the bottommost layer of the film, which forms the interface with the negative electrode. The amount of polarized electron spin is calculated to be 0.067 μB/nm2. The ferromagnetic ordering with the characteristic distribution of the polarized electron spin opens the possibility of using graphite thin films in electronic devices with spin degree of freedom.

2013-01-24 08:30:44
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2 0 0 0 OA 下北半島地域における重力異常と浅部地殻構造

著者: 山本明彦
出版者: 北海道大学大学院理学研究科地球惑星科学専攻(地球物理学)
雑誌: 北海道大学地球物理学研究報告 (ISSN:04393503)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.68, pp.91-107, 2005-03-15

2013-01-23 20:49:23
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2 0 0 0 OA 『対話』試論 : ジャン・ジャック迫害の陰謀組織というルソーのイメージについての考察

著者: 竹内成明
出版者: 京都大学フランス文学研究室
雑誌: Francia
巻号頁・発行日: vol.5, pp.9-25, 1961-12-15

2013-01-23 16:28:08
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http://hdl.handle.net/2433/137476

2 0 0 0 OA 地震計記録から決定した1987年9月11日の大火球の径路

著者: 長沢工三浦勝美
出版者: 東京大学地震研究所
雑誌: 東京大学地震研究所彙報 (ISSN:00408972)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.62, no.4, pp.579-588, 1988-03-31

1987年9月11日に西日本上空に出現した大火球は,進行中に強い衝撃波を発生させた.その衝撃波が地表に達したときの震動は,東京大学地震研究所,白木微小地震観測所の6ケ所の地震計,高知大学地震観測点の2ケ所の地震計に記録された.これらの地震記録から計算した結果,火球は,東経133°,北緯34°.28の地点を68.6kmの高さで通過し,北から37°.7西に向いた方向へ,水平と34°.3の角をなして通過したことがわかった.したがってこの火球は四国を越えて広島県北部に達したと見られる.地震計の記録だけから火球径路が決定できたのはこれが初めてのことである.これだけはっきりと径路を決めることができれば,隕石捜索の場合には非常に有力な資料となる.

2013-01-22 10:42:49
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http://hdl.handle.net/2261/13006

2 0 0 0 OA Arthritogenic T cell epitope in glucose-6-phosphate isomerase-induced arthritis

著者: Iwanami Keiichi Matsumoto Isao Tanaka Yoko Inoue Asuka Goto Daisuke Ito Satoshi Tsutsumi Akito Sumida Takayuki
出版者: BioMed Central
雑誌: Arthritis research & therapy (ISSN:14786354)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.10, no.6, pp.R130, 2008-11
被引用文献数: 31 21

IntroductionArthritis induced by immunisation with glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) in DBA/1 mice was proven to be T helper (Th) 17 dependent. We undertook this study to identify GPI-specific T cell epitopes in DBA/1 mice (H-2q) and investigate the mechanisms of arthritis generation.MethodsFor epitope mapping, the binding motif of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II (I-Aq) from DBA/1 mice was identified from the amino acid sequence of T cell epitopes and candidate peptides of T cell epitopes in GPI-induced arthritis were synthesised. Human GPI-primed CD4+ T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs) were co-cultured with each synthetic peptide and the cytokine production was measured by ELISA to identify the major epitopes. Synthetic peptides were immunised in DBA/1 mice to investigate whether arthritis could be induced by peptides. After immunisation with the major epitope, anti-interleukin (IL) 17 monoclonal antibody (mAb) was injected to monitor arthritis score. To investigate the mechanisms of arthritis induced by a major epitope, cross-reactivity to mouse GPI peptide was analysed by flow cytometry and anti-GPI antibodies were measured by ELISA. Deposition of anti-GPI antibodies on the cartilage surface was detected by immunohistology.ResultsWe selected 32 types of peptides as core sequences from the human GPI 558 amino acid sequence, which binds the binding motif, and synthesised 25 kinds of 20-mer peptides for screening, each containing the core sequence at its centre. By epitope mapping, human GPI325–339 was found to induce interferon (IFN) γ and IL-17 production most prominently. Immunisation with human GPI325–339 could induce polyarthritis similar to arthritis induced by human GPI protein, and administration of anti-IL-17 mAb significantly ameliorated arthritis (p < 0.01). Th17 cells primed with human GPI325–339 cross-reacted with mouse GPI325–339, and led B cells to produce anti-mouse GPI antibodies, which were deposited on cartilage surface.ConclusionsHuman GPI325–339 was identified as a major epitope in GPI-induced arthritis, and proved to have the potential to induce polyarthritis. Understanding the pathological mechanism of arthritis induced by an immune reaction to a single short peptide could help elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of autoimmune arthritis.

2013-01-22 08:31:56
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2 0 0 0 OA 色彩と香りの感情次元と調和性 : 博士(人間科学)学位論文

著者: 三浦久美子
出版者: [出版者不明]
巻号頁・発行日: 2008-01

制度:新 ; 文部省報告番号:甲2525号 ; 学位の種類:博士(人間科学) ; 授与年月日:2008/3/15 ; 早大学位記番号:新4658

http://hdl.handle.net/2065/28818

2 0 0 0 OA 浄瑠璃太夫たちの〈ウタイ〉考 -近松作品における謡曲関係文字譜と作者・作曲者の意図をめぐって

著者: 田草川みずき
雑誌: 早稲田大学大学院文学研究科紀要. 第3分冊, 日本文学演劇映像美術史日本語日本文化 = Bulletin of the Graduate Division of Letters, Arts and Sciences of Waseda University. III, Japanese literature, theatre and film arts, history of fine arts, Japanese language and culture (ISSN:13417533)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.52, pp.75-87, 2007-02-28

2013-01-20 21:20:15
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http://hdl.handle.net/2065/27651

2 0 0 0 OA 淸代の胥吏と幕友 : 特に雍正朝を中心として

著者: 宮崎市定
出版者: 東洋史研究会
雑誌: 東洋史研究 (ISSN:03869059)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.16, no.4, pp.347-374, 1958-03-31

2013-01-19 18:22:40
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2 0 0 0 OA 近代社会教育政策の成立過程に関する研究

著者: 佐藤智子荻野亮吾中村由香
出版者: 東京大学大学院教育学研究科生涯学習基盤経営コース内『生涯学習基盤経営研究』編集委員会
雑誌: 生涯学習基盤経営研究 (ISSN:1342193X)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.34, pp.71-86, 2010-03-30

論文/Thesis

2013-01-17 19:34:58
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http://hdl.handle.net/2261/35628

2 0 0 0 OA 宗教学的生命倫理研究のための素描(上) : 私論

著者: 池澤優
出版者: 東京大学文学部宗教学研究室
雑誌: 東京大学宗教学年報 (ISSN:2896400)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.24, pp.13-29, 2007-03-31

本稿は,一般に生命倫理(学)と呼ばれている分野に対し,宗教学の側からどのようなアプローチが可能なのか,あるいは宗教学的な(宗教学らしい)生命倫理学というのは可能なのかを論じることを目的にする。現に宗教学の分野から生命倫理に対する言及が数多くなされている中で,改めてこのような設問をすること自体,奇異に感じられるであろう。実際,本稿は著者が生命倫理に対してどのようなスタンスを取るのかという極めて個人的な思索を綴ったものであり,根本的に論文と呼べるものではない。もう一つ断っておかなければならないのは,本稿の関心は"ものの考え方"に集中しているために,特に具体的な問題を扱わないということである。生命倫理上の特定の課題について何らかの主張を行うつもりはないし,明確な結論を出すつもりもない。これも奇異に感じられるかもしれないが,明確な主張や結論を出さない生命倫理へのかかわりが可能か,というのが本稿で追求したい試みである。分量上の問題から上下二篇に分け,上篇では各国における生命倫理の言説を類型化し,それを通して文化比較を行う可能性について論じる。下篇では,生命倫理が文化を反映するという現象がなぜ起き,それが何を意味するのかを論じたい。