著者

村上 航 對馬 聖菜 伊藤 滉彩 田辺 新一

出版者

公益社団法人 空気調和・衛生工学会

雑誌

空気調和・衛生工学会大会 学術講演論文集 令和元年度大会(札幌)学術講演論文集 第7巻 空気質 編 (ISSN:18803806)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1-4, 2019 (Released:2020-10-31)

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ヒト皮膚から放散される化学物質の総称「皮膚ガス」は知覚空気質に影響を与えるほか人体が曝露される環境や身体活動レベルに応じて放散量が変動する。したがって、皮膚ガスの放散メカニズムを明らかにすることは様々な室内環境に応じた換気指針を検討し省エネルギー化を図る上で重要である。本研究では、人体が曝露された環境温度が皮膚ガス放散量に与える影響に関する知見を得ることを目的に、皮膚から直接皮膚ガスを捕集するプローブを用いた被験者実験を行った。

著者

井上 莉沙 高橋 好斗 尾方 壮行 都築 和代 田辺 新一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.764, pp.919-926, 2019 (Released:2019-10-30)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1 6

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In this study, field surveys in actual bedrooms in summer and winter were conducted with the purpose of verifying that the evaluation of the thermal environment in bedrooms by calculating the human heat load on the human body is effective in different seasons. The measurements were undertaken in two seasons; the summer period was July, August and September of 2017 and 2018, the winter period was December of 2017, and January and February of 2018. In the calculation of the human heat load, the actual basal metabolic rate of the subjects was substituted for the metabolic rate in formula proposed by Akiyama et al. during sleep. The quality of sleep was evaluated based on the physiological parameter during the sleeping period, including sleep stage, by measuring the electroencephalogram, electrooculogram, and electromyogram and the subjective sleeping feeling at the time of waking up. We evaluated that sleep quality was good as there were more appearances of deep sleep and less appearances of wake time. Also, OSA sleep inventory was used for subjective evaluation of the sleeping feeling. Since the relation between human heat load and percentage of sleep stages in winter was similar to that in summer, it was shown that the evaluation of the thermal environment in bedrooms due to human heat load may be effective even in different seasons. In both seasons, the colder environment when the human body thermal load is smaller than 0 W / m2 decreased the quality of sleeping, but it tended to be different in warm environments when the human heat load was greater than 0 W / m2 ; especially around 45 minutes after turning over, there was a tendency that the percentages of stage wake, REM sleep, and shallow sleep are the smallest and the percentage of deeper sleep is the largest in the vicinity of the steady state where the heat loss to the bedding from the human body is nearly 0 W / m2. The value after sleep onset immediately was taken as the initial value, and the heat radiation amount or endotherm amount added every 30 seconds was calculated as ΣLm. The closer the ΣLm is to 0 kJ/m2 the higher the percentage of deep sleep. That is, the quality of sleep tended to be improved in the state where the heat radiation amount and the endotherm amount were about the same. It is known that deep sleep appears longer during the initial part of 90 minutes after sleep onset, and the sleep becomes shallow in the latter part of sleep. In this study, the deep sleep time overnight tended to be longer when a longer deep sleep time was obtained within 90 minutes after sleep onset. In addition, the longer the deep sleeping time in one night, the more the subjective feeling of sleep when waking up tended to be improved. Therefore, in this study, it was shown that, in order to improve the quality of sleep, it is important to keep the body posture in the bed long in a low-humidity and warm environment because the heat flow to the bedding from the human body continues in the steady state quantitatively. Finally, it was shown that it is important to get a longer deep sleeping time from both viewpoints of physiological evaluation and psychological evaluation for sleep.

著者

田辺 新一 中野 淳太 森井 健志 宇留野 恵 後藤 悠 坂本 圭司

出版者

公益社団法人 空気調和・衛生工学会

雑誌

空気調和・衛生工学会大会 学術講演論文集 平成17年 (ISSN:18803806)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.901-904, 2005-07-25 (Released:2017-08-31)

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Field survey on thermal environment and questionnaire survey were conducted over three seasons at three train stations, and thermal comfort was quantitatively evaluated. Moreover, usage patterns and passengers' attitude towards the station environment were investigated in order to comprehensively identify the thermal environment required for train stations. Environmental control of the entire station by air-conditioning would not be energy efficient due to its open structure, and task-ambient air-conditioning strategy is proposed.

著者

徳村 朋子 高橋 祐樹 桑山 絹子 和田 一樹 黒木 友裕 高橋 幹雄 秋山 幸穂 高橋 秀介 篠田 純 中川 純 田辺 新一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.783, pp.441-450, 2021-05-30 (Released:2021-05-30)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

6

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As a measure to prevent the spread of COVID-19, telecommuting has been recommended by many companies since March 2020 in Japan. Even after the COVID-19 pandemic is over, the telecommuting implementation rate, including working from home, may continue to increase.The purpose of this study is to clarify the impact of working from home on the individual satisfaction and productivity of workers in companies that introduced the telecommuting system from April 2020 as a countermeasure against COVID-19.Questionnaire surveys of workers who normally work at an activity-based working office were conducted in order to compare the effects of working from home and at the office. The survey targets were workers of a research and development institute located in Chiba Prefecture, Japan. Approximately 210 employees work in the facility, of which 85% are researchers and 15% are in clerical positions. In this study, the results of three questionnaire surveys are described. We conducted a survey of “conventional office work period” in February 2020, a survey of “recommended work from home period” in April 2020, and a survey of “combined work from home and at the office period” in July 2020 where workers could choose to go to work or work from home.From the survey results, it was found that the working environment at home had large individual differences, and the illuminance and CO2 concentration levels often deviated from the standards of the “Ordinance on Health Standards in the Office”. Despite the environment with large differences, the satisfaction level of the thermal environment, air quality and sound was significantly higher at home. It was also found that when working from home, self-efficacy regarding control of the indoor environment increases. This is considered to be one of the reasons for the increase in satisfaction of environmental qualities at home.As an advantage of working from home, most office workers chose “reduction of coronavirus infection risk”. Next, more than half of the respondents chose “having no commuting stress” and “having a reduced dress code” as advantages. On the other hand, “lack of face-to-face communication” became the highest disadvantage of working from home. The degree of satisfaction with interpersonal communication was significantly lower at home than at work. In particular, the decrease in the satisfaction of informal communication was large.Compared to the period when workers could only work at the office or at home, the period with relative freedom to choose between both options showed a great increase in the satisfaction with the work environment and a decrease in the difficulty of performing office activities.In addition, a high correlation was found between the frequency of working from home and commuting time. Workers with longer commuting hours tended to work at home more frequently. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the higher the frequency of working from home, the higher the degree of satisfaction with the working environment at home.The most common response to the ideal rate of working from home was two times a week, but the actual rate was only 25% in the survey conducted in July. It is presumed that there were many situations in which employees chose to come to the office in order to proceed with their work duties more efficiently.

著者

海野 賢 三宅 絵美香 田辺 新一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.716, pp.917-923, 2015 (Released:2015-11-11)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

4 3

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Different kinds of adaptive opportunities are selected in bedrooms, such as air conditioning and natural ventilation; however, the thermal environment created by these measures is not necessarily good for sleep. In this research, a field survey was carried out to investigate the effect of the total thermal environment and its variation on sleep. First, we investigated the effect of airflow and found that an increase in air turbulence causes an increase in the duration of wakefulness. Next, we adjusted the comfort equation for sleep and calculated the thermal load on the body and its variation. We found that both negative and positive increase in the heat load on the body causes an increase in the probability of awakening. An increase in its variation also resulted in an increase in the probability of awakening. We concluded that when planning a pleasant thermal environment for sleep, it is important to consider the total thermal environment and to take into account the effect of its variation as potential cause of sleep disruption.

著者

凌 薇 市川 真帆 尾方 壮行 堤 仁美 田辺 新一 堀 賢 橋本 果歩 森本 正一

出版者

公益社団法人 空気調和・衛生工学会

雑誌

空気調和・衛生工学会大会 学術講演論文集 平成30年度大会(名古屋)学術講演論文集 第7巻 空気質 編 (ISSN:18803806)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.65-68, 2018 (Released:2019-10-30)

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本研究の目的は、近距離における飛沫核濃度と相対湿度の関係を実験的に把握することである。実験として、模擬咳発生装置(咳マシン)により飛沫を含んだ模擬咳を発生させ、被感染者が感染者の近傍で咳に曝露された場合に吸引しうる飛沫核個数を測定した。実験結果を基に感染リスク評価を行い、近距離曝露における相対湿度、距離および遠距離曝露における換気回数が飛沫核濃度に与える影響について考察した。更に、異なる距離における飛沫核濃度を比較した。

著者

金 ヒョン兌 田辺 新一 岡田 厚太郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.654, pp.713-720, 2010-08-30 (Released:2010-10-08)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

5 5

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Phthalates are used as plasticizers and flame retardants in building materials and phthalates emitted in indoor environment tend to adhere to house dust. According to Wensing, infants take dust 10times as adults, so an investigation on the concentration of phthalates in house dust is important. This study examined the concentration of phthalate in house dust in Japan and Korea. Specially, Korea house much used polyvinyl flooring as floor product and also used floor heating system during the winter. As a result, the amount of the collected dust per square meter in Japan house was more than the one in Korea house. In addition, the amount of house dust in Japan was more than the one in Korea house, even in under dust 63μm. And the concentration of DEHP in the houses investigated in Korea was higher than 50 percentile in Germany and some Korea houses were higher than 95 percentile in Germany. Japan houses investigated had lower concentration of DEHP in house dust than 95 percentile in Germany, and some house in Japan were lower than 50 percentile in Germany.

著者

金 政秀 川口 知真 田辺 新一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.643, pp.1075-1082, 2009-09-30 (Released:2010-01-22)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

4 4

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Field survey and questionnaire survey was made to a building with manually operated natural ventilation system, to investigate the optimum way to operate the system. From the field survey, amount of ventilation air volume was measured, and it was known that in day time, air was getting out of the noon, and in night air was getting in to the noon from bottom of the window, and getting out from the top. It was known that the frequency of the window operation was low. Although, from the questionnaire survey, it was known that the office workers were well willing the way of manually operating. Furthermore, it was indicated that the factor of the window opening is related to outdoor temperature and time. Also by factor analyzing the reason of opening and closing the window, it was known that the psychological reasons are similarly important as physiological reasons.

著者

伊藤 安里 楊 鎮浩 松永 知大 田辺 新一

出版者

公益社団法人 空気調和・衛生工学会

雑誌

空気調和・衛生工学会大会 学術講演論文集 平成26年度大会(秋田)学術講演論文集 第8巻 性能検証・実態調査 編 (ISSN:18803806)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.41-44, 2014 (Released:2017-11-15)

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本研究では4つのビルにおいて物理環境測定、昼休みに関するアンケート調査、目視測定を行った。昼休み中の執務室の室内環境について温度、CO2濃度が低い執務室程利用空間満足度が高くなる傾向が見られた。また、昼休みの疲労回復に対する期待度により午前と午後の作業能力の変化幅に差が見られ、仮眠をした執務者、利用空間として食堂や休憩スペースを利用した執務者、昼休みの疲労回復に対する期待度が高い執務者は作業能力が向上していると申告する傾向にあった。

著者

西原 直枝 田辺 新一 丹羽 勝巳 久保木 真俊

出版者

公益社団法人 空気調和・衛生工学会

雑誌

空気調和・衛生工学会大会 学術講演論文集 平成26年度大会(秋田)学術講演論文集 第8巻 性能検証・実態調査 編 (ISSN:18803806)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.29-32, 2014 (Released:2017-11-15)

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本研究では、温熱環境が作業効率に与える影響について、コールセンターを対象とした測定を行い、2004年と2012年の比較分析を行った。震災後の節電状況下の節電意識が高く、省エネルギーが図られた状態において、温熱環境と作業効率の関係を調べたところ、節電意識が高い2012年は、2004年に比べ、中程度の高温環境への許容範囲が広がり作業効率を高く維持した。しかし、空気温度が26.5〜27.0℃を超えると、節電意識にかかわらず作業効率が低下することがわかった。

著者

羽田 正沖 西原 直枝 中村 駿介 内田 智志 田辺 新一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.637, pp.389-396, 2009-03-30 (Released:2009-11-24)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

8 16

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A field measurement was conducted to investigate the thermal environment of an office with preset temperature of 28°C in summer. A questionnaire survey on the workers was also conducted during the measurement to evaluate the effect of the thermal environment on productivity. The air temperature tended to be higher in the area with high density of heat sources. The air temperature could reach over 30°C at the time when the air-conditioning system started its operation in the mornings. Fluctuation of the supply air temperature was observed after the room temperature reached to the setting. To elevate the preset temperature in the existing buildings, systematic and operational adjustments of HVAC systems may be necessary for proper thermal environmental control. From the questionnaire, over 70% of the workers were thermally dissatisfied in July and August. The correlations were obtained that when the workers are thermally satisfied, the self-estimated performance is higher and the level of fatigue is lower.

著者

北川 晃一 早野 ひろ子 斎藤 俊彦 菰田 紀子 田辺 新一

出版者

人間-生活環境系学会

雑誌

人間と生活環境 (ISSN:13407694)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.42-51, 1996-12

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放射冷暖房方式は,従来の対流による空調方式よりも快適で省エネルギー性が期待できるといわれている。床暖房やラジエータを用いた放射暖房方式は数多く実用化されており,研究例も多い。一方,放射冷房は,研究はよく行われているが,日本では結露の問題等から一般に普及していないのが現状である。本研究では,日本の住宅においても使用可能な放射冷暖房システム開発のための基礎研究として,天井放射冷房時における,湿度,微弱気流の体感に及ぼす影響を調べることを目的とし,被験者実験を行い,全身および身体各部位の熱的快適性を分析した。実験は,湿度,気流について数種類の条件に設定した人工気候室において,種々の表面温度にコントロールした放射冷却パネルの下に被験者を座らせ,温熱環境を計測し,温冷感と快不快感に関する申告をさせた。本研究の主な結果として,放射冷房時の全身の温冷感に対する湿度(45%rh, 65%rh, 85%rh)及び気流(0.1m/s: constant, on/off; 0.1〜0.3 m/s: random)の影響を新標準有効温度SET^*を用いると全身の温冷感スケールで±℃1程度の誤差を生じること,微弱気流を放射冷房と併用することにより,全身及び局所的な温冷感が全体的にSET^*の評価より温冷感スケールで1程度涼しい方向にシフトするとともに,快適感が向上する傾向があることを明らかとした。

著者

入江 正之 小松 幸夫 長谷見 雄二 田辺 新一 輿石 直幸 小松 幸夫 長谷見 雄二 田辺 新一 輿石 直幸 田中 彌壽雄 山森 誠 島田 斉 宗田 進史

出版者

早稲田大学

雑誌

基盤研究(A)

巻号頁・発行日

2007

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スペイン、カタルニャ州のファッチェス離村集落にある18世紀末建設の伝統的石造民家マジア残存遺構の修復・再生の第二段階の完成、建築材料・工法分析、および温熱環境および室内空気質等の環境工学的計測のまとめ、建築作品「実験装置/masia2008」として紹介し、更にひとつを建築デザインワークショップ棟に、もうひとつをマジア農民資料館棟とした。この研究対象のある当該市庁を介した日本とスペインの国際的学術文化交流の実現を果たした。

著者

田辺 新一 長谷部 ヤエ 田中 辰明

出版者

人間-生活環境系学会

雑誌

人間と生活環境 (ISSN:13407694)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.1, pp.64-67, 1994-06

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標準夏服,セー夕一組合わせ衣服,ウインドブレーカー組合せ衣服の気流速度増加による着衣熱抵抗の減少に関する実験結果に関して述べている。熱的に19分割された椅座位のサーマルマネキンを0.1, 0.22, 0.32, 0.48, 0.69, 1.0, 1.4m/sの気流速度下に曝露した。標準夏服の場合,作用温度は27℃とした。また,セーターとウインドブレーカー組合せの場合,作用温度23.3℃とした。静穏気流時05.cloの標準夏服の基礎着衣熱抵抗は風速1.0m/sで25%減少した。セーター組合せの基礎着衣熱抵抗は,気流速度増加によりウインドブレーカ組合せ衣服より大きく減少した。着衣熱抵抗の減少を考慮に入れた等価温度がサーマルマネキンの熱損失に基づき導き出された。気流を透過する衣服では,従来の等価温度より気流の冷却効果があることが示された。

著者

田辺 新一 中野 淳太 小林 弘造

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.541, pp.9-16, 2001

被引用文献数

16 12

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The 65-Node Thermoregulation-Model was developed, based on Stolwijk model. The model has 16 body parts. Each body part consists of core, muscle, fat and skin. In addition, the model has a central blood compartment. Convective and radiative heat transfer coefficients were derived from the thermal manikin experiments. Under steady state condition, mean skin temperature; skin wet tedness and SET^* agreed well with those by 2 node-model. This model can predict fairly well for. skin temperature distribution under thermal neutrality. Under transient condition, trends of mean skin temperature and evaporative heat loss were similar to the subject experiment by Stolwijk.

著者

木村 建一 田辺 新一 川原井 大 伊藤 昭 桑沢 保夫

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集. D, 環境工学 (ISSN:09150145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1987, pp.343-344, 1987-08-25

被引用文献数

1

著者

田辺 新一

出版者

一般社団法人日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理學會誌 (ISSN:00290181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.6, pp.440-448, 1999-06-05

被引用文献数

1

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現代社会にすむ我々はその90%くらいの時間を室内で過ごしている. 寒さ暑さを感じれば, 暖房したり冷房したりして快適になるように行動する. あるいは, 膝掛けを使用したり, セータを着込んだりして寒さに対応するかもしれない. そういった人間と温熱環境の関係を評価する研究に関して御紹介したいと考えている.

著者

羽田 正沖 西原 直枝 田辺 新一

出版者

一般社団法人日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集. D-2, 環境工学II, 熱, 湿気, 温熱感, 自然エネルギー, 気流・換気・排煙, 数値流体, 空気清浄, 暖冷房・空調, 熱源設備, 設備応用 (ISSN:1341450X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, pp.455-458, 2006-07-31

被引用文献数

2