著者

Jean Le Rond d'Alembert établie par Irène Passeron avec la collaboration de Anne-Marie Chouillet et Jean-Daniel Candaux

出版者

CNRS Éditions

巻号頁・発行日

2009

著者

Uchida Eriko Mizuguchi Hiroyuki Ishii-Watabe Akiko HAYAKAWA Takao

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.7, pp.891-897, 2002-07-01

被引用文献数

3 96

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Non-viral gene transfer into a wide range of human cells was examined in order to clarify the factors that affect the efficiency and safety of non-viral vectors and to optimize the conditions so that high efficiency and low toxicity could be achieved. Six non-viral vectors (Lipofectin, LipofectAMINE PLUS, SuperFect, Effectene, DMRIE-C and DOTAP) were used to transfect a mammalian expression plasmid pCMVβ into 16 types of human primary cells and cultured cell lines. Transfection efficiency was quantified using a galactosidase assay. Cytotoxic effects were measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay and WST-8 assay. In serum-free conditions, LipofectAMINE PLUS, Effectene and SuperFect, on average, transfected DNA more successfully than Lipofectin, DMRIE-C, and DOTAP, although the levels of gene expression with these vectors varied remarkably in different cells. The most effective vector also differed depending on the cell type. Serum was found to inhibit gene transfer and reduce the cytotoxicity of all of these vectors except Effectene. The efficiency and toxicity of the non-viral vectors used depended on the type of vector, the DNA/vector ratio, the type of cell, and the presence of serum. These results provided useful information for the optimization of transfer conditions of these non-viral vectors.

著者

Elias Gebru AWJI Dereje DAMTE Seung-Jin LEE Joong-Su LEE Young-Hoan KIM Seung-Chun PARK

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.8, pp.1091-1094, 2012 (Released:2012-09-03)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

8 15

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The in vitro activity of 15 antimicrobial agents against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pasteurella spp. and Streptococcus canis from dogs was investigated. For Staphylococcus spp., the highest frequency of resistance was observed for penicillin, followed by ampicillin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. The highest frequency of resistance in E. coli isolates was recorded for tetracycline and streptomycin. Pasteurella spp. and S. canis had the highest resistance rate for tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Most isolates showed full susceptibility to low-level resistance to colistin, florfenicol and fluoroquinolones. Further studies using larger number of isolates from both healthy and diseased dogs would provide a broader picture of antimicrobial resistance at a national level and promote prudent use of antimicrobial agents in companion animals.

著者

réunis par Jean-Claude Beaune ... [et al.] sous la direction de Jean Gayon préface d'Ernst Mayr postface de Georges Canguilhem

出版者

Institut interdisciplinaire d'études épistémologiques

巻号頁・発行日

1992

著者

澤井 里枝 塚本 昌彦 寺田 努 LOH Yin-Huei 西尾 章治郎

出版者

一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会論文誌. D-I, 情報・システム, I-情報処理 (ISSN:09151915)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.10, pp.939-950, 2002-10-01

被引用文献数

14

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近年,衛星放送やデータ放送の普及により,放送されるコンテンツの種類や量が加速度的に増加している.大量のデータが受信される環境では,ユーザが必要とするデータを探し出すことは非常に困難であるため,自動的に必要なデータのみを抽出するフィルタリング技術に対する要求が高まっている.このような要求に対し,これまで多数のフィルタリング手法が提案されている.しかし,それらの手法を定性的に表現する数学的基盤がいまだ確立されていないため,各手法の定性的な評価や最適化,フィルタリングのための宣言的言語の設計などができなかった.そこで本論文では,フィルタリングを関数として定義し,様々なフィルタリング手法の性質を関数が満たす条件として表現することで,情報フィルタリングの数学的基盤を確立する.また,各性質を表現する制約条件の包含関係を示すことで,フィルタリングがもつ性質間の関係を明らかにする.本論文で論じる数学的基盤をもとに,実際のフィルタリングを分類し,性質に応じた処理方法を選択することで,より効率的なフィルタリングを実現できる.

著者

Sugisaki Mitsuru Ren Hong-Wen Nair Selvakumar V. Nishi Kenichi Masumoto Yasuaki

出版者

American Physical Society

雑誌

Physical review B (ISSN:10980121)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.23, pp.235309, 2002-12

被引用文献数

56 47

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The effects of external electric and magnetic fields on InP self-assembled quantum dots (QDs) were investigated by means of single dot spectroscopy. By systematically changing a bias applied to the sample, successive energy shifts of the photoluminescence (PL) peaks from excitons and biexcitons due to the quantum confined Stark effect were clearly observed. The quadratic Stark coefficient was evaluated to be of the order of 10-31 Fcm2. The energy separation of the PL peaks arising from the excitons and biexcitons changed with the applied electric field, reflecting a slight difference of the Stark coefficient between the exciton and biexciton states. The existence of permanent dipole moments was also revealed in both the exciton and biexciton states. The spatial separations between the electrons and holes along the growth direction in a QD were estimated to be 7 Å for the exciton state, and 8 Å for the biexciton state. Further, the diamagnetic shift and the Zeeman splitting of the exciton states were clearly observed in a magnetic field. It was found that the diamagnetic coefficient gradually decreases on decreasing the QD size. A simple qualitative model can explain that this result is due to competition between quantum confinement and magnetic confinement.

著者

Sakai Tomoko Matsui Mie Mikami Akichika Malkova Ludise Hamada Yuzuru Tomonaga Masaki Suzuki Juri Tanaka Masayuki Miyabe-Nishiwaki Takako Makishima Haruyuki Nakatsukasa Masato Matsuzawa Tetsuro

出版者

Royal Society Publishing

雑誌

Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences (ISSN:09628452)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.280, no.1753, 2013-02-22

被引用文献数

41

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世界で初めてチンパンジーの大脳の成長様式の解明に成功 : チンパンジーの脳成長からヒト知性の誕生の秘密に迫る. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2012-12-21.

著者

Sakata-Yanagimoto Mamiko Nakagami-Yamaguchi Etsuko Saito Toshiki Kumano Keiki Yasutomo Koji Ogawa Seishi Kurokawa Mineo Chiba Shigeru

出版者

The National Academy of Sciences of the USA

雑誌

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (ISSN:00278424)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.105, no.22, pp.7839-7844, 2008-06

被引用文献数

52 33

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Mast cells are thought to participate in a wide variety of pathophysiological conditions. Mechanisms of regulation, however, of mast cell production and maturation are still to be elucidated. Mast cell developmental process is likely to be profoundly affected by cell-autonomous transcriptional regulators such as the GATA family and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP) family members. Extracellular regulators such as stem cell factor and IL-3 have essential roles in basal and inducible mast cell generation, respectively. The relationship, however, between the extracellular signaling and cellular transcriptional control is unclear, and the trigger of the mast cell development remains elusive. Notch signaling plays a fundamental role in the lymphopoietic compartment, but its role in myeloid differentiation is less clear. Here, we demonstrate that Notch signaling connects environmental cues and transcriptional control for mast cell fate decision. Delta1, an established Notch ligand, instructs bone marrow common myeloid progenitors and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors toward mast cell lineage at the expense of other granulocyte-macrophage lineages, depending on the function of the Notch2 gene. Notch2 signaling results in the up-regulation of Hes-1 and GATA3, whereas simultaneous overexpression of these transcription factors remarkably biases the progenitor fate toward the mast cell-containing colony-forming cells. C/EBPα mRNA was down-regulated in myeloid progenitors as a consequence of Hes-1 overexpression, in agreement with the recent proposal that the down-regulation of C/EBPα is necessary for mast cell fate determination. Taken together, signaling through Notch2 determines the fate of myeloid progenitors toward mast cell-producing progenitors, via coordinately up-regulating Hes-1 and GATA3.

著者

Wen-Jun Tu Hui Chen Jian He

出版者

日本酸化ストレス学会

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.3, pp.248-249, 2012 (Released:2012-10-31)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

4 22

著者

Avsar E Hatta Y Flensburg C Ollitrault J-Y Ueda T

出版者

IOP

雑誌

Journal of physics. G, Nuclear and particle physics (ISSN:09543899)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.12, pp.124053, 2011-11

被引用文献数

9 16

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High-multiplicity proton–proton collisions at the LHC may exhibit collective phenomena such as elliptic flow. We study this issue using DIPSY, a brand-new Monte Carlo event generator which features almost-NLO BFKL dynamics and describes the transverse shape of the proton including all fluctuations. We predict the eccentricity of the collision as a function of the multiplicity and estimate the magnitude of elliptic flow. We suggest that flow can be signaled by a sign change in the four-particle azimuthal correlation.

著者

Seishiro CHIKAZAWA Yasutomo HORI Fumio HOSHI Kazutaka KANAI Naoyuki ITO Jun SATO Koichi ORINO Kiyotaka WATANABE Sei-ichi HIGUCHI

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0324, (Released:2012-11-13)

被引用文献数

4 7

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We established a homologous sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure serum levels of canine ferritin. Our assay uses a rabbit anti-canine heart ferritin polyclonal antibody, and canine heart ferritin as a standard. Serum ferritin concentration in healthy dogs (n=163) was 789 ± 284 ng/ml (mean ± standard deviation), a value higher than reported previously. Confidence levels relating to repeatability, dilution, and recovery for this method were high. Therefore, we believe our developed sandwich ELISA will be effective in evaluating serum levels of canine ferritin.

著者

高 偉建 Gao Wei-jian

出版者

大阪大学文学部日本学科(言語系)

雑誌

阪大日本語研究 (ISSN:09162135)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.73-93, 1991-03

著者

箱嶋 敏雄 平野 良憲 村瀬 浩司 Sun Tai-ping

出版者

一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会

雑誌

生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.200-201, 2009 (Released:2009-07-25)

参考文献数

10

著者

Grabowski Robert Navarro-Serment Luis E. Khosla Pradeep K.

出版者

日経サイエンス

雑誌

日経サイエンス (ISSN:0917009X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.62-68, 2004-03

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テロリストたちがオフィスビルを襲撃して人質を取って立てこもった。入口や窓はテロリストによってふさがれ,外からはテロリストの人数や所持している武器,人質の監禁場所などは見えない。

著者

Jacek Becla Kian-Tat Lim Daniel Liwei Wang

出版者

CODATA

雑誌

Data Science Journal (ISSN:16831470)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.MR1-MR16, 2010-02-24 (Released:2010-02-24)

被引用文献数

3

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Academic and industrial users are increasingly facing the challenge of petabytes of data, but managing and analyzing such large data sets still remains a daunting task. Both the database and the map/reduce communities worldwide are working on addressing these issues. The 3rd Extremely Large Databases workshop was organized to examine the needs of scientific communities beginning to face these issues, to reach out to European communities working on extremely large scale data challenges, and to brainstorm possible solutions. The science benchmark that emerged from the 2nd workshop in this series was also debated. This paper is the final report of the discussions and activities at this workshop.

著者

黄 順姫 Soon-Hee WHANG

出版者

筑波大学社会学研究室

雑誌

社会学ジャーナル = Tsukuba journal of sociology (ISSN:03865983)

巻号頁・発行日

no.37, pp.1-20, 2012-03-31

著者

-

雑誌

Cures newsletter (ISSN:09137181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, 1994-06-10

著者

李 志暎 LEE Ji-Young い じよん

出版者

日本言語文化学研究会

雑誌

言語文化と日本語教育. 増刊特集号, 第二言語習得・教育の研究最前線 (ISSN:09174206)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2002, pp.245-260, 2002-05-24

著者

Li-Qiang QIN Jia-Ying XU Pei-Yu WANG Kazuhiko HOSHI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.6, pp.428-436, 2006 (Released:2007-06-15)

参考文献数

61

被引用文献数

37 76 77

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Many studies have suggested that the intake of soy products may protect against the occurrence of breast cancer because of the considerable amount of isoflavones they contain. To review the results of the observational studies, we performed this meta-analysis of the relevant literature. We searched Medline for reports that examined the association between soyfood consumption (or isoflavone intake) and breast cancer risk from January 1966 to April 2006. The random-effects model was used to estimate the pooled relative risk (RR). Twenty-one independent studies (14 case-control studies and 7 cohort studies) were included in the final analysis. The pooled RR of breast cancer for soyfood intake was 0.75 with a 95% CI of 0.59-0.95. As the main types of soyfood in Japan and China, tofu and miso showed clear protective effects. Isoflavone intake resulted in a 20% decrease in risk (RR=0.81, 95% CI 0.67-0.99). The pooled RR varied little according to study stratification. When the studies published in Japanese and Chinese were added, the inverse associations between soyfood, tofu and breast cancer risk became slightly stronger. The weak association of miso was possibly due to the high concentration of salt in miso soup. In the present analysis, we did not find strong evidence for publication bias in the combination of the studies. This meta-analysis supported the hypotheses that soyfood intake may be associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer due to the isoflavones. Further epidemiological studies need to be conducted with more comprehensive information about the soyfood, and more accurate assessment of the isoflavones.

著者

Hak-Hyun RYU Byung-Jae KANG Sung-Su PARK Yongsun KIM Gyu-Jin SUNG Heung-Myong WOO Wan Hee KIM Oh-Kyeong KWEON

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0065, (Released:2012-08-09)

被引用文献数

21 99 32

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Previous animal studies have shown that transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into spinal cord lesions enhances axonal regeneration and promotes functional recovery. We isolated the MSCs derived from fat, bone marrow, Wharton’s jelly and umbilical cord blood (UCB) positive for MSC markers and negative for hematopoietic cell markers. Their effects on the regeneration of injured canine spinal cords were compared. Spinal cord injury was induced by balloon catheter compression. Dogs with injured spinal cords were treated with only matrigel or matrigel mixed with each type of MSCs. Olby and modified Tarlov scores, immunohistochemistry, ELISA and Western blot analysis were used to evaluate the therapeutic effects. The different MSC groups showed significant improvements in locomotion at 8 weeks after transplantation (P<0.05). This recovery was accompanied by increased numbers of surviving neuron and neurofilament-positive fibers in the lesion site. Compared to the control, the lesion sizes were smaller, and fewer microglia and reactive astrocytes were found in the spinal cord epicenter of all MSC groups. Although there were no significant differences in functional recovery among the MSCs groups, UCB-derived MSCs (UCSCs) induced more nerve regeneration and anti-inflammation activity (P<0.05). Transplanted MSCs survived for 8 weeks and reduced IL-6 and COX-2 levels, which may have promoted neuronal regeneration in the spinal cord. Our data suggest that transplantation of MSCs promotes functional recovery after SCI. Furthermore, application of UCSCs led to more nerve regeneration, neuroprotection and less inflammation compared to other MSCs.