著者

加來 洋子 枝並 宏治 福本 雅文 山口 雅巳 渋谷 鉱

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ORAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.116-124, 2008-08-01 (Released:2010-06-08)

参考文献数

27

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We conducted a study of judicial decisions on medical accidents covered between 1994 and 2000 by the Japanese press and Hanrei Times, a Japanese magazine specializing in judicial precedents, to obtain information on drug package inserts, and the extent to which these inserts are used as criteria for the judicial decisions.During the period studied, judicial decisions were issued regarding 514 cases of medical accidents, and a total of 1, 238 articles covering the decisions were published in the media referred to above. Looking at the changes in the number of cases by year, there were between 51 and 81 cases yearly from 1994 through 1999, while this number significantly increased in 2000, to 121.Out of the 514 cases, 34 (6.6%) were associated with drugs; drug package inserts were used as criteria for the decisions in four of the 34 cases, and 19 articles covering these four cases were carried in the media. Meanwhile, in 374 of the 514 cases (72.8%), it was judged that medical care personnel were to blame for the accidents, and these cases were covered in 1, 010 of the 1, 238 articles (81.6%) in the media.Common cases of malpractice pointed out to doctors and other medical personnel included violation of due care in terms of drug package inserts. Furthermore, a link between medical practice and the level of medical care was also indicated, as well as a link between package inserts and the level of medical care. The level of medical care varies due both to differences in medical services and the individual circumstances surrounding medical care providers, and negligence in collecting the latest information for medical findings is also included among the various types of malpractice.Other cases of malpractice included violations of accountability, in which medical care personnel neglected to inform patients of items mentioned in drug package inserts.Doctors, dentists, and other medical personnel must fully understand the descriptious given in drug package inserts.

著者

川辺 良一

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.40-48, 2016 (Released:2016-05-10)

参考文献数

4

著者

郡司 敦子 郡司 明彦 田村 幸彦 平尾 功治 町田 光 秋田 季子 小林 奈緒美 藤井 彰

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.109-116, 2009-12-01 (Released:2010-04-16)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

1

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Acetaminophen is an antipyretic and analgesic drug that has a long history of 100 years or more and has been adopted in the WHO Model List of Essential Drugs in the category of non-opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines. In Japan, the analgesic effects of acetaminophen have not been sufficiently recognized, and NSAIDs have been used in the treatment of pain, even though acetaminophen is the first-choice analgesic worldwide.Since acetaminophen, which is different from NSAIDs, does not inhibit the activity of COX-1 and COX-2, the risk of developing the 3 well-known adverse reactions of NSAIDs, peptic ulcer and gastrointestinal hemorrhage, renal dysfunction, and hemorrhage and platelet dysfunction, is very low. Aspirin is known to induce asthma and Reye's syndrome, however, acetaminophen is scarcely associated with these adverse reactions and can be used for treatment of viral diseases such as chicken pox and influenza. The safety of acetaminophen in pregnant women and elderly patients has been confirmed, and the position of acetaminophen as the first-choice analgesic drug has been established worldwide. In Japan, on the other hand, the effect of acetaminophen has not been sufficiently recognized due to the small doses (single dose, 300-500 mg; daily dose, 900-1500 mg/day) compared to other nations (single dose, 1,000 mg; daily dose, 4000-6000 mg/day). Further, the precautions for use indicated in the package insert of acetaminophen are the same as that indicated for NSAIDs; this may be a possible reason why acetaminophen has been misunderstood to be a kind of anti-inflammatory medication (NSAIDs) in Japan.From above-mentioned viewpoint, the dosage of acetaminophen and expression of the precautions in packaging insertion should be reconsidered. The dosage of acetaminophen as a nonprescription drug should also be reconsidered because the dosage in OTC is further lower than that of the prescription drug. It is expected that when a more reliable analgesic effect is obtained by the administration of a higher dosage of acetaminophen and a more accurate profile of its safety is recognized, this drug will become the first-choice analgesic in Japan.

著者

長嶋 友美 東海 林徹 中村 郁子 遠藤 泰 米澤 裕司 竹野 敏彦 小松﨑 康文 山﨑 浩 鬼頭 健二 田中 秀弥 山根 理恵子 村井 久美 池田 幸 斎藤 義夫 遠山 邦子 花岡 平司 鵜飼 孝子 外尾 典子 上中 清隆

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.1, pp.16-26, 2016 (Released:2016-05-10)

参考文献数

18

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The purpose of the present study was to survey the use of antibacterial agents at 18 private dental college or university hospitals in Japan, as performed approximately every 10 years since 1983, and to identify the diseases treated with these medicines for longer than eight days at these dental hospitals. We first calculated the amount of antibacterial agents prescribed in October 2013. For internal and external preparations, almost all antibiotics comprised cephems (68%, 64%), penicillins (23%, 25%) and macrolides (7%, 8%), with values expressed in terms of percentage for outpatient and inpatient treatments, respectively, and these values were similar to previous surveys. The ratio of internal and external preparations was nearly six-fold higher when compared with injections. About 70% of oral cephems administrated to both outpatients and inpatients was cefcapene pivoxil hydrochloride. In contrast, the antibacterial injection administered to inpatients was primarily cefazolin sodium and that to outpatients was primarily ceftriaxone sodium hydrate. The ratio of carbapenems was less than 1%. Among the antibacterial agents administered for longer than eight days, clarithromycin was mainly used for the treatment of odontogenic chronic sinusitis. Our study suggested that clarithromycin was used appropriately in long-term treatment for chronic diseases. However, we found that a limited variety of oral cephems were heavily used for short-time administration, which might lead to the emergence of resistant bacteria. Pharmacist information and advice may be helpful for dentists to avoid it because proper pharmaceutical management of antibacterial agents is essential for the prevention of resistant bacteria.

著者

石塚 恭子 田中 健二郎 竹内 俊充 長澤 恒保 戸苅 彰史

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.3, pp.81-88, 2017 (Released:2017-12-27)

参考文献数

75

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Fracture risk increases substantially with age due to decreased bone density and muscle mass, and also problems with vision and balance. In the elderly, medication used to treat non-skeletal disorders is one of the causes of bone fracture accompanying decreased QOL. Increased fracture risk by medication is based on either adverse drug reactions on bone metabolism or adverse drug events such as falls. The use of fall risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs), such as opioids, dopaminergic agents, anxiolytics, antidepressants and hypnotics/sedatives, have been demonstrated to increase risk of fracture. Furthermore, in addition to FRIDs, many drugs have been found to affect bone mass and fracture risk as a result of the side effects on bone metabolism. The present article reviews the current understanding of several drugs influencing fracture risk. In particular, drugs affecting fracture risk through sympathetic neuronal activity are also discussed.

著者

金坂 伊須萌 金山 明子 中西 康大 鈴木 崇嗣 金子 明寛 小林 寅喆

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.100-105, 2015 (Released:2015-12-25)

参考文献数

18

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We conducted a study about the antimicrobial susceptibility to ceftriaxone(CTRX)and prevalence of the genes cfxA/cfxA2 of clinical isolated Prevotella strains. Furthermore, we performed in vitro study for effects on the antibiotic treatment by mixed culture of β-lactamase producing Prevotella and Streptococcus mitis. All Prevotella isolates resistant to CTRX(MIC ≧32μg/mL)were found possess the cfxA/cfxA2. Prevalence of cfxA/cfxA2 of Prevotella isolates classified as susceptible by CLSI guidelines showing a MIC of ≦0.5μg/mL were less than 25% and a MIC of 1-16μg/mL were more than 73%. Viable cells of S. mitis showed more than 99% decrease in culture broth with CTRX at a concentration of 5μg/mL for up to 8 hours. In mixed culture of ESBL producing Prevotella oralis and S. mitis, viable cells of S. mitis was increased slightly in the presence of CTRX. The decrease of viable counts in S. mitis was not seen in the case of mixed culture of ESBL-producing P. oralis and S. mitis in the presence of CTRX at a concentration of 5μg/mL for up to 8 hours.   In conclusion, the cases of mixed infection with Prevotella and Oral Streptococci, it was suggested that the Prevotella producing ESBL caused an indirect pathogen for odontogenic infection.

著者

木村 陽介 山本 共夫 草塩 英治 前田 伸子

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ORAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.9-14, 2017 (Released:2017-04-20)

参考文献数

18

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Changes in the amount and physical properties of dental plaques were investigated in the oral cavity in which the oral fungal population was maintained at a low level by the long-term use of an antifungal agent as a mouthwash. For the antifungal agent used as a mouthwash, amphotericin B (AMPH-B), which specifically acts on fungi without influencing bacteria and is unlikely to be absorbed from the oral cavity or gastrointestinal mucosa, was selected. For the index of the fungal level in the oral cavity, Candida indigenous to the oral cavity was selected. We paid attention to time-course changes in the Candida count and the amount of dental plaques and its physical properties observed by palpation using a dental probe and macroscopically.The long-term use of the AMPH-B-containing mouthwash for 4 months or longer reduced the oral Candida count with time, confirming that the count can be maintained at a low level by continued use of the mouthwash. In addition, dental plaques macroscopically decreased as the Candida count decreased, and the physical properties the dental plaques also changed. Although the quantitative and qualitative influences of fungi in the oral cavity on dental plaques have not been investigated, it was clarified that long-term gargling with AMPH-B reduced the oral fungal level, which may have quantitatively and qualitatively changed dental plaques, i.e., microorganisms constituting the indigenous microbial flora in the oral cavity.Dental plaques show latent pathogenicity. In addition to the fact that causative microorganisms of the 2 major oral diseases, dental caries and periodontal disease, are present in dental plaques, the causative microorganisms of aspiration pneumonia, which is a major issue in the elderly, are also present. Thus, reduction of the amount of dental plaques may be beneficial for the health of the oral cavity as well as the whole body.

著者

小野 眞紀子 大野 奈穂子 長谷川 一弘 田中 茂男 小宮 正道 松本 裕子 藤井 彰 秋元 芳明

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ORAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.79-85, 2008-08-01 (Released:2010-06-08)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

4

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15種類のカルシウム拮抗薬による歯肉増殖症発生頻度を検討した.歯肉増殖症はamlodipine, diltiazem, manidipine, nicardipine, nifedipineおよびnisoldipine服用者に認められたが, azelnipine, barnidipine, benidipine, efonidipine, felodipine, flunarizine, nilvadipine, nitrendipineおよびverapamil服用者にはみられなった.最も高い発生頻度はnifedipine (7.6%) であり, diltiazem (4.1%) , manidipine (1.8%) , amlodipine (1.1%) , nisoldipine (1.1%) , nicardipine (0.5%) の順であった.Nifedipineによる歯肉増殖症発生頻度は, amlodipine, manidipine, nicardipine, nisoldipineの発生頻度と比較して有意に高かった.

著者

荻原 和孝 小川 智久 浅木 信安 沼部 幸博 鴨井 久一

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ORAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.3, pp.130-136, 1996-12-01 (Released:2010-06-08)

参考文献数

19

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Aqua oxidized water (AOW) and Aqua alkalic water (AAW) are made by acidic electrolyzed water making equipment; OXILIZER (OXILIZER Co., Tokyo, Japan) . AOW is acidic water with a pH under 2.7 and is processed by electrolysis through a small NaCl mediated specific membrane. It was over 1, 100mV of oxidation-reduction potential and includes Cl2, OH⋅, O3, ClO. AAW is alkalic water with pH 11.AOW has a strong bactericidal effect on bacteria and virus but the effect is reduced by the large number of organisms. It has a metallic corrosive function as well as an organic matter action. There are few reports about AAW sterilizing without a metallic corrosive action. The bactericidal effect of AAW to periodontopathic bacteria [Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) ] and Staphylococcus aureus (Sa) and Escherichia coli (Ec) was investigated. The bactericidal effect of AOW and AAW were compared.Bacterial strain Sa : 209-P, Ec : B, Aa : Y4 and ATCC 29522, Pg : 381 and ATCC 33277, Pi : 25611, Fn : 25586 were grown at 3TC in BHI (aerobic and anaerobic condition), GAM contained hemin, menadion and yeast (anaerobic condition), and GAM broth (anaerobic condition), respectively. After washing by centrifugation, each bacteria was suspended in PBS.Serum and saliva were obtained from one healthy volunteer.Bactericidal activity was measured by colony count seeding and grown on BHI or Anaero columbia blood agar or GAM medium after treatment with AAW or AOW.The results were as follows:1. Bactericidal effect and effective concentration of AAWAa, Pg, Pi were killed in one minute (Aa; 108 to 104 CFU/ml, Pg; 108 to 103 CFU/ml, Pi ; less than 108 to 103 CFU/ml) from original 100% AAW, while it took more than one minute to kill Fn, and Sa and Ec had survived after ten minutes. Further, sterilizing activity decreased with AAW' s dilution. AOW shows that a 25% concentration is most effective against periodontopathic bacteria.2. The effect of saliva and serum on bactericidal activity of AAWAs for Aa, Pg and Pi, the addition of saliva or serum in a concentration of 1% of AAW had decreased bactericidal activity slightly. However, the bactericidal activity was completely negated by the addition of 10% serum of AAW. As for Fn, the bactericidal activity was negated in 1% of serumor salivery addition.

著者

渡邉 京子 東 泰孝 白数 慎也 大東 道治 大浦 清

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ORAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.105-110, 2003-12-01 (Released:2010-06-08)

参考文献数

35

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マクロファージは感染制御に必要不可欠であり, 自然免疫機構において重要な役割を担っている.感染が惹起されるとlipopolysaccharide (LPS) がマクロファージを刺激し, 炎症性サイトカインが産生される.一方, adenosineおよびATPは免疫刺激によっても細胞外へと放出された後, 様々な免疫機能を調節することが知られている.そこでわれわれは炎症やTh1/Th2バランスに関与するサイトカイン産生に対するadenosineおよびATPの免疫学的影響を検討した.AdenosineおよびATPはそれぞれマクロファージによるIL-10産生能を増強させたが, IL-1βおよびIL-12の産生能には影響を与えなかった.さらに, adenosineおよびATPはLPSで刺激したマクロファージによるIL.1βおよびIL-12に産生能を抑制した.これに対して, adenosineはLPSで刺激したマクロファージによるIL-10産生能を抑制したが, ATPは同IL-10産生能を増強した.以上の結果より, adenosineおよびATPが増加するような条件下においては, Th1やTh2免疫応答を含む広範囲な免疫反応に, なんらかの重要な役割を担っている可能性が示唆される.

著者

王 宝禮

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ORAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.37-40, 2017 (Released:2017-04-20)

参考文献数

24

著者

山近 重生

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ORAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.33-36, 2017 (Released:2017-04-20)

参考文献数

36

著者

筒井 健機

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.61-68, 2001-08-01 (Released:2010-06-08)

参考文献数

86

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.101-107, 2013-05-25 (Released:2013-10-10)

著者

川越 弘就 吉位 尚 大塚 芳基 竹野々 巌 寺延 治 古森 孝英

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ORAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.139-143, 1999-12-01 (Released:2010-06-08)

参考文献数

22

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Death due to gas gangrene following tooth extraction of mandibular third molar was reported. The patient was a 53-year-old female. Her mandibular left third molar was extracted 8 days before she was referred to our clinic. She did not receive any prophylactic antibiotics. After tooth extraction she developed swelling and pain of the left oral floor and the neck with severe sore throat and trismus. She had been treated with intravenous antibiotics and surgical drainage at a local hospital, however, the symptoms did not improve. The CT findings of the neck were abundant gas in the soft tissue of the neck. The diagnosis was cervical gas gangrene. The hematological tests revealed increase of white blood cells (13600/mm3), CRP (25.9mg/dl), blood sugar (332mg/dl), hypoalbuminemia (Alb ; 2.5g/dl), and liver dysfunction (GOT ; 42IU/l, GPT ; 63IU/l) .She seemed to be getting better due to drainage on Day 4 after admission, however, the neck skin became necrotic widely. On Day 8, rapid swelling and severe pain from the neck to chest were observed. The general conditions began to worsen, and she died of multi-organ failure on Day 12 (19 days after tooth extraction) . Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus milleri, Gemella haemolysan and Peptostreptococcus micros were isolated from the pus.It was considered that the necrotic tissues of the neck, which might cause residual infection, should have been removed completely, and the management for hyperglycemia and hypoalbuminemia was also very important to treat severe infectious gas gangrene.

著者

土屋 博紀 加藤 博詞 林 英明

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ORAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3, pp.138-146, 1998-12-01 (Released:2010-06-08)

参考文献数

26

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Green tea catechins have been widely used as an anticariogenic or antiplaque additive to mouthrinses, toothpastes, etc. Since their retention in the oral cavity is the determinant for thecaries preventive effects, the oral pharmacokinetic study was performed by assessing salivary concentrations of catechins with time after oral application using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection. The optimized method enabled to simultaneously quantify eight catechins in the concentration range of 0.05-25.0μg/ml in saliva and mouthrinses with high resolution, recovery, and precision. Mouthrinsing experiments with the aqueous solutions of green tea extract (5.0mg/ml) revealed that each catechin maintained the salivary concentration at μg/ml levels for 1-60 min after mouthrinsing, especially (-) -epigal-locatechin gallate and (-) -gallocatechin gallate showed concentrations over 10μg/ml even after 60 min. When using the commercially available mouthrinses containing green tea extract, catechins were found in saliva up to 60 min after mouthrinsing, although their salivary concentrations were much lower. The retentive degree of catechins depended on their concentrations in mouthrinses and the number of times of mouthrinsing. Mouthrinsing with the green tea extract solution under optimal conditions would retain catechins in the oral cavity at least for 60 min after oral application, maintaining their salivary concentrations to show the potential caries preventive effects.

著者

坂元 亮一 上川 善昭 永山 知宏 杉原 一正

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.21-24, 2010-04-01 (Released:2010-08-20)

参考文献数

18

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We report a case of angioedema in the tongue and oral floor potentially induced by angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB).A 77-year-old woman with a history of hypertension was treated with an ARB, and edematous lesions in the tongue and oral floor suddenly occurred about one week after the start of the treatment. She visited an emergency hospital, and was prescribed serrapeptase, a complex of betamethasone and chlorpheniramine maleate, and epinastine hydrochloride. But since the edema was poorly controlled, she was referred to our department. The ARB was strongly suspected to have caused the angioedema, so we stopped the ARB that she was taking. Edema disappeared one day after the onset of symptoms, and there has been no recurrence of symptoms after the termination of ARB treatment.

著者

佐伯 万騎男

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.191-194, 2019 (Released:2020-03-31)

参考文献数

13

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Neuropathic pain is now defined by the International Association for the Study of Pain as pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. The guidelines recommend tricyclic antidepressants, gabapentin or pregabalin, and duloxetine, a serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, as first line. Mirogabalin, which is a novel ligand for the α2δ subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels, is being developed for treating neuropathic pain including diabetic peripheral neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia. In this review, serendipitous discovery of pregabarin by Richard Silverman is discussed.

著者

角田 衣理加 大島 朋子 前田 伸子

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.1-10, 2009-04-01 (Released:2009-12-22)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1

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Aromatherapy has been widely used in Europe as a phytotherapy for promoting general health or as a beauty treatment, however, the effectiveness of aromatherapy in the field of dentistry has not yet been determined.The purposes of this study were to estimate the anti-microbiological and anti-biofilm forming effects of essential oils against mutans streptococci, periodontal pathogens and oral indigenous true fungi. Seven essential oils, a blended essential oil with tea tree, peppermint, and lemon oils (TPL oils) which is known as a recommended blend for preventing halitosis, and one of the TPL oils replaced by another essential oil were used in this study. All tested essential oils showed anti-microbiological, anti-biofilm forming effects against the tested microorganisms. Specifically, lemongrass and peppermint oils had strong anti-microbiological effects. In addition, the anti-halitosis effect of a mouthwash containing 0.3% TPL oils was examined in ten periodontal patients. Volatile sulfur compounds, including hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, which are the main malodorous substances, tended to decrease after gargling with a mouthwash containing 0.3% TPL oils.The results of this study showed that essential oils indeed play a role in the treatment and prevention of oral diseases, especially periodontitis, candidiasis and halitosis, thereby suggesting the effectiveness of such essential oils.

著者

渋川 直也 五味 一博 飯野 史明 金指 幹元 鈴木 丈一郎 大島 朋子 前田 伸子 新井 高

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF ORAL THERAPEUTICS AND PHARMACOLOGY

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.83-90, 2003-08-01 (Released:2010-06-08)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

3

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Azithromycin is an azalide antibiotic, which has a strong effect on a wide variety of oral bacteria. It is taken up by phagocytes and is released over a long period in the inflamed tissue. This study investigated the clinical and microbiological effects, and measured the drug concentration in gingival of periodontal patients systemically administered azithromycin. The subjects were 26 adults diagnosed with periodontitis and given azithromycin (zithromac®) 500 mg once daily for 3 days. Clinical parameters such as PD, GI, BOP and GCF were examined at days 0, 7, and 14, and subgingival plaque was collected by paper points at days 0, 4, 7 and 14. The total number of cultivable bacteria was counted and six of the periodontopathic bacteria —Porphyromonas gingivalis, Actinobacillus actinomysetemcomitans, Bacteroides forsythus, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella nigresence, and Toreponema denticola—were assessed by the PCR method. The lining gingiva of periodontal pocket was collected by pocket curettage at days 4 and 7. The azithromycin concentration was measured by agar diffusion bioassay.The total number of bacteria was significantly decreased at days 4 and 7, but was slightly increased at day 14. Continuous reduction of the six bacteria was recognized until day 14 by PCR. These bacteria were not detected at day 14 without Porphyromonas gingivalis. This result might be due to improvement of anaerobic condition caused by pocket reduction. The azithromycin concentration in the lining gingival tissues of periodontal pocket was 2.92±1.97μg/g at day 4 and 1.27±0.95μg/g at day 7. Half the drug concentration was still detected at 7 days after the first administration in inflamed gingiva.These results indicate that azithromycin may be a useful adjunct agent for adult periodontitis. In the future, we will consider a new periodontal therapy using this behavior of azithromycin.