著者

椎名 乾平

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.7-34, 2013 (Released:2018-08-18)

著者

小森 めぐみ

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.2, pp.191-213, 2016 (Released:2018-04-13)

参考文献数

109

被引用文献数

1

---

Quantitative studies and process models of narrative persuasion published since 2000 were reviewed in order to identify influences of narratives on readers’ attitudes that result from changes in thinking and affect. Firstly, characteristics of narrative persuasion research were briefly introduced by summarizing definitions of narratives and attitudes, and by illustrating typical methodologies of narrative persuasion research. Secondly, theories on the process of narrative persuasion and narrative experiences were reviewed. These models were then integrated and the process of narrative persuasion was categorized into thinking and affective routes, and each process was explained with reference to supportive studies. It was suggested that the affective route currently has stronger empirical support than the thinking route. Finally, topics for future research were suggested, which include closely examining each process, improving methodologies, and comprehensively investigating relationships between narrative persuasions and narrative experiences.

著者

下條 信輔

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.16-42, 1981 (Released:2019-07-24)

著者

浅井 智久

出版者

JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.1, pp.5-15, 2019 (Released:2019-11-22)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

---

A recent theoretical framework has formalized predictive mechanisms in the sensorimotor system. This “predictive coding,” also called the agent-centered approach, has revealed some dysfunctions of prediction in patients with mental disorders such as schizophrenia. The dynamic and hierarchical nature of prediction could be innately aberrant. Therefore, their representation as a generative model of the self and the world is unclear. The current paper discusses (1) the theoretical controversies in subjective probability in the Bayesian perspective and (2) its application for understanding psychotic symptoms or experiences such as delusions and hallucinations for future empirical work.

著者

渡邊 芳之

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.98-107, 2016 (Released:2018-04-13)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

10

---

Herein, I discuss some methodological aspects on the reproducibility of psychological data. Reduced reproducibility of psychological data can occur as a consequence of research misconduct, inadequate statistical methods, effects of uncontrolled latent variables, and low occurrence probability of the studied phenomena itself. As such, the validity of data and their analyses may be subject to these sources of irreproducibility, and the expected reproducibility level depends on theoretical and methodological characteristics of the studied phenomena and related variables. Until recently, psychologists’ historical reluctance for replication studies, derived from demonstrational and anecdotal usage of psychological data, has prevented psychologists from considering the issues related to reproducibility. Some possible alternatives for psychologists addressing reproducibility issues are also discussed.

著者

坂口 菊恵

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.105-110, 2017 (Released:2018-07-20)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1

---

The progress of brain-imaging research casts doubt on a theory that the degree of brain-lateralization defines sex differences in cognitive strength patterns, i.e., men excel at spatial ability and math, and women excel at verbal fluency and language abilities. Meta-analyses reported that previously believed anatomical brain sex-differences, including the thickness of the corpus callosum, were not replicated. However, findings did not completely exclude the existence of brain/cognitive sex differences. The author reviews recent trends in this debate and covers new evidence that bridges the biological and cultural approaches, including “stereotype threat” investigations for explaining the STEM gender gap. The importance of both defining the scope of interest and dissecting various elements that relate to manifestations of socio-behavioral patterns is stressed.

著者

村井 潤一郎 橋本 貴充

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.116-136, 2018 (Released:2019-07-11)

参考文献数

77

被引用文献数

4

---

Many problems have been reported concerning null hypothesis significance testing (NHST), although it is used in most psychological research. The authors believe that this situation will not change, at least not in the near future. Before shifting to a Bayesian approach, there are several things that must be done in psychological research that uses NHST. Among them, sample size planning (SSP) is especially important. In practice, whether significant results exist primarily depends on sample size, and many studies have indicated that SSP is vital. However, the use of SSP is rare in psychological research. Most psychological research basically depends on the significance of NHST; therefore, psychologists should conduct SSP before collecting data. We describe the present situation of SSP in psychological research, discuss related topics, argue for the importance of SSP, and present future directions for SSP in psychological research using NHST.

著者

木川 智美

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.4, pp.387-396, 2016 (Released:2018-03-21)

参考文献数

45

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The purpose of this study is to comprehensively review the trends in psychological research on manipulation of others and to consider the direction of future research in this area. Based on the studies in this review, a model is proposed that can order in terms of effectiveness or susceptibility the manipulations used in antisocial behaviors using combinations of “personality traits that seek to manipulate others or techniques for manipulating others” and “specificities of the object persons of the manipulation”, respectively. As for future issues and prospects, it is desirable to develop a comprehensive model that includes various underlying concepts by defining the common theoretical structure that encompasses various concepts in each area while repeatedly testing the validity of the model. The applicability of the model should be evaluated based on the many actual techniques of manipulating others and on the social cases of manipulating others.

著者

今福 理博

出版者

JAPANESE PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.166-178, 2019 (Released:2020-12-20)

参考文献数

80

---

Infancy is a sensitive period for language development. “When and how do humans acquire language?” is an important question for understanding developmental mechanisms and trajectories of language. However, this point remains poorly understood. In the current paper, I focused on the idea that social cognition is a key component of language acquisition, and reviewed the relationship between the audiovisual integration of speech (i.e., speech perception) and language development in infancy. I further discussed how factors such as parenting (i.e., adults’ speaking style) and preterm birth influence the development of speech perception and language. Based on these reviews, I proposed developmental mechanisms from speech perception to language acquisition and the future perspective of language development research.

著者

今田 寛

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.433-440, 2001 (Released:2019-04-12)

著者

水野 君平 唐 音啓

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.311-327, 2019 (Released:2021-03-31)

参考文献数

92

---

The purpose of this paper was to compare previous research with “school caste,” which is the phenomenon of status hierarchy between informal groups among Japanese classrooms, and to discuss the direction and perspective of research on school caste. In the current study, we reviewed studies on sociometric popularity, perceived popularity, and peer crowds as research knowledge on children’s social status in schools. We then reviewed literature reports on school caste and discussed how school caste would be positioned as studies on social status among schools. After indicating the problems of promoting research on school caste, we discussed the future direction of research. Finally, we discussed the implications and directions of future empirical studies on school caste or interpeer group status, based on the aforementioned review.

著者

岡田(有竹) 清夏

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.3, pp.216-229, 2017 (Released:2019-02-07)

参考文献数

74

---

Sleep plays a significant role in the developmental processes of infants. However, in modern society, our bedtimes tend to be delayed and our nocturnal sleep time shortened. This night-centered lifestyle or shortened nocturnal sleep time has not only affected the sleep-wake rhythm of infants, but also carries the risk of physical and mental dysfunctions, such as neurological development, behavioral problems (internalizing and externalizing problems), depression symptoms, and obesity. It is necessary for parents and caregivers to fully understand the importance of sufficient sleep for infants for development of the brain and physical and mental functions, as well as the importance of creating an environment that will be able to promote a healthy sleep-wake rhythm in infants.

著者

三宅 なほみ

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.3, pp.328-341, 2011 (Released:2018-08-18)

被引用文献数

15

著者

溝川 藍 子安 増生

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3, pp.360-371, 2015 (Released:2018-06-19)

被引用文献数

3

著者

守口 善也

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.1, pp.77-92, 2014 (Released:2018-07-13)

被引用文献数

2

著者

増井 啓太 浦 光博

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.3, pp.330-343, 2018 (Released:2020-01-18)

参考文献数

73

被引用文献数

1

---

The Dark Triad (DT) is a constellation of three dark personality dimensions, which includes Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism. It may be that these three personality traits are conceptually distinct; however, they have overlapping features such as callousness and interpersonal manipulation. The DT is characteristic of a maladaptive personality. Previous studies have revealed a positive relationship between DT and socially deviant behaviors and hostile interpersonal cognition. However, individuals with high DT scores are not always self-centered, but show altruistic and prosocial responses in certain situations. In this article, we have introduced the adaptive strategies of people with dark personalities. We then reviewed the associations between DT, social success, attractiveness, and building relationships with other people. Finally, we summarized the significance of adaptive strategies used by people with dark personalities.

著者

神尾 陽子

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.31-39, 2007 (Released:2019-04-12)

被引用文献数

1

著者

Ayumi Ikeda Haoqin Xu Naoto Fuji Siqi Zhu Yuki Yamada

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.3, pp.281-295, 2019 (Released:2021-02-28)

参考文献数

73

被引用文献数

4

---

The credibility of psychological findings can be undermined by a history of questionable research practices (QRPs) by researchers. One remedy for this problem is the pre-registration of a study in which a research protocol is registered before beginning an experiment. However, the current style of pre-registration can be negatively affected by other QRPs. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that researchers can engage in QRPs, even after a study has been preregistered. In this demonstration study, we used eight QRPs to obtain statistically meaningful results that supported an ad hoc hypothesis. Major system updates such as pre-registration, peer review, and evaluation are required to address these harmful practices. We hope that the present demonstration study provides momentum for further discussions on next-generation research practices.

著者

山田 祐樹

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.15-29, 2016 (Released:2018-04-13)

参考文献数

108

被引用文献数

8

---

Several studies on scientific replication and meta-analytic approaches have illustrated the issue of low reproducibility or low effect size in psychology and related fields. Herein, the author described not only the problems generally underlying fields (e.g., questionable research practices and misconduct) but also problems specific to cognitive psychology. Reproducibility or effect size of experimental studies has gathered little attention from researchers in cognitive psychology. In addition, the lack of cognitive studies on researchers in cognitive psychology is related to the disregard for motivational factors on the reproduction/replication problems. Based on the understanding of these issues, the author discusses how future cognitive psychology can overcome them.

著者

高橋 英之 宮﨑 美智子

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.6-24, 2011 (Released:2018-08-18)

被引用文献数

1