著者

アカミネ ロジェリオ 舟橋 國男 鈴木 毅 木多 道宏 李 斌

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.566, pp.71-79, 2003

被引用文献数

6

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1. 序 1990年代以降、世界各地の大都市における都市再開発プロジェクトが勢いを増してきた。この過程における重要な特徴の一つは、密集市街地の居住者に、高密に由来する社会的な諸問題やストレスを軽減し得るオープンスペース(以下OS)を確保することである。 地方自治体は、民間セクターを計画に惹きつける手段として「インセンティヴゾーニング」を採ってきた。Kaydenはニューヨークにおける「私有公的空間privately owned public spaces (pops)」事例を法的側面・空間的配置から分析した。Whyteはプラザの利用実態研究に基づいてプラザのデザインに関する法の改良に寄与した。日本の大阪アメニティパーク(OAP)は都市再開発プロジェクトに含まれる私有公的空間の一事例である。 日本の都市におけるpopsの着想は建築基準法に基づく総合設計制度による公開空地に見られ、1980年代以来多くの研究者がその研究に従事した。それらの成果は主に、利用状況・心理的側面・物理的側面・維持管理的条件・手法の適用方法、の5テーマにまとめられる。2.目的と方法 本研究では、一つの空間事例に絞ったり適用された手法の詳細に限定せず、いくつかのOSが併存する一定の地区におけるOSとしてのOAPのpopsを様々な視点から分析する。空間的配置状況に基づく各場所利用の特徴を明らかにすると共に、公的利用に対するOAP-OSの役割を評価する。特定の場所に即しながら、有意義な評価が今後の計画のデザインコンセプトに参照され得るものと期待される。調査は、OAPを校区に含む公立小学校と隣接校区の小学校児童の保護者を対象とする。良く行くOS・行為内容・同伴者・時刻・頻度・滞在時間等、オープンスペース利用に関する質問紙調査を行うと共に(回収率約70%)、面接調査に応じた者に対するインタビューを行い(質問紙回答者の約10%)、さらに詳細な利用状況を把握した。3.回答者属性(図1) 質問紙調査回答者は各家庭1名としたので、30才乃至40才代女性、主婦もしくは有業者が多く、男性は全体の17%であった。 4.OAPとその近隣におけるOS 調査対象2校区にある15箇所の各OSについて、インタビューによって得られた特徴づけは、雰囲気・魅力・利用・問題点・改善への示唆、という5つの側面に整理された(表2,図3)。雰囲気は場所のイメージに関連し、魅力は利用に対する固有の誘因、利用は各場所に於ける人々の行為である。各場所に対する不満は問題点と示唆として、また全般的な問題点も記述された(表3)。主として、公園に住むホームレスの人々に関するもの、周辺との関連の欠如、管理、施設利用の葛藤などである。5.OAP開設後の変化(表4)インタビューによると、OAPは近隣を活性化し、人口増加をもたらし、その結果として交通量・商業業務の増加という3点で周辺を変化させた。 6. OSと利用の特徴 質問紙調査結果から、OSの利用者数順位が得られた(図、4)。OAPのOSは第1位である。回答者の半数以上が、24ヵ所のOSを利用している(図5)。質問紙調査で得られた各種の結果(利用行為・同伴者・時刻・頻度・滞在時間)は表5に示されている。 扇町・滝川・東天満公園は子どもとの遊びに最も好まれている。他の共通の活動は川沿い公園における散歩である。OSの利用は通常昼間帯である。多くの回答者は週2回乃至月1回利用し、滞在時間は扇町公園と大阪城公園で最も長く天満宮境内では最も短い。OAP-OSと他の場所との利用順位比較は明確な結果を示すが、他の変数を同時に観察すると明確な関係は少なくなる。 7. OSへの距離 OAP利用者と非利用者別に、住居からOAPへの距離ならびに住居から最もよく利用するOSへの距離がそれぞれ測定された。それらの関連が図6に示されている。OAP非利用者の大多数がOAPから500M以上の範囲に住んでいる。 8. 0APのOS空間的配置とまとまりとに基づいてOAPのOSが更に細分化された(表6,図7)。それぞれが、雰囲気・魅力・利用・問題点・改善への示唆の観点から特微づけられ他のOSと比較された(表6,図7-1)。 桜広場と河畔までの延伸部分が最も好まれる場所であり、北端のプレイグランドが最も嫌われている。歩行者の流れは、好まれる場所の連結を示し(図8)、桜広場はOAP-OSの核であると言われ、OAPタワー周囲のOSはOAPのOSであると良く認識されている(図9)。 9. 結論 OAPのOSは、不潔物・ホームレスの人々に関する問題等は無い一方利用が制限され、静かな活動のみが適している。少なくともより多くの施設設備、例えば座れる場所、がここには確保されるべきである。OAPのOSは都市構成体との妥当な統合を与えているが、アクセシビリティの改善が、例えば源八橋下の息詰まるような通路の如く、近隣のOSへのアクセシビリティに対して悪影響を与えている場合も生じている。近隣におけるOSの利用に関するあらゆる要求を把握し、それらが私有公的空間プロジェクトにおいて満足されるように、検討条件として設定されるべきである。それにより、公的利用に対するより効果的な施設であり得るであろう。

著者

酒谷 粋将 岡本 賢吾 門内 輝行

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.685, pp.527-536, 2013-03-30 (Released:2013-06-03)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

4 1

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This study aims to develop the roles of metaphors in architectural designs. We chose 210 architectural works of art containing metaphors in “SHlNKENCHIKU" magazines, then construct the database for metaphors based on structure mapping theory. We analyze the types and the metaphorical structures of these architectural designs and try to describe how these metaphors work. The results are as follows; 1) Various metaphors are generated from the experience of natural and artificial objects. 2) There are three levels of metaphors; “attributive”, “relative” and “semantic” metaphors. 3) We can describe the mechanism of creative architectural design process based on the metaphors.

著者

村田 敬一 初田 亨

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.538, pp.243-249, 2000-12-30 (Released:2017-02-03)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

2 2

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This research studies the wooden 3-storied hot spring inn architecture in Gunma Pref. As a result, the following became with obvious. 1. The description of the most ancient times that is related to 3-storied is 1818 years in Kusatsu hot spring. 2. 3-storied was occupying 50% of hot spring inn architecture in Minakami in Showa early period. 3. There was not the law that 3-storied prohibits in the Kusatsu hot spring in the Edo period. 3-storied was able to build even if it becomes around 1960. 4. 3-storied is built the 39 ridges in 1999 year present Gunma Pref. 5. Beside the era falls the 3-storied appearance becomes the designs that were taken up and the independence of the guest room rises.

著者

神原 康介 窪田 亜矢 黒瀬 武史 萩原 拓也 福士 薫 田中 暁子

出版者

Architectural Institute of Japan

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.701, pp.1593-1602, 2014

被引用文献数

4

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Many elderly people were killed by Tsunami during Great East Japan Earthquake in Akahama, Otsuchi town, Iwate prefecture. The purpose of this paper is to describe the evacuation behaviors by interviews with residents in Akahama which is along the rias Coast and clarify how the built environment influence on the evacuation behaviors of the elderly. It is found that 1) geographical features such as nearness of a rising ground, sloping road to the sea and a narrow plain land are good for evacuation, 2) the towns background such as past tsunami, seawall construction and elementary school which has never been damaged in a few hundred years influence on evacuation behaviors and 3) family network and local community led to an influence on a turning point of an evacuation behavior, but there were younger people who tried to help the elderly and damaged or killed.

著者

鈴木 美央 アルマザン ホルヘ

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.722, pp.869-878, 2016

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This paper constitutes the second part of an on-going research on street markets in Greater London. While the first part is literature-based and focuses on the management and effects of markets, this paper comprises an extensive fieldwork of the spatial configuration of all active street markets run by local councils in Inner London. The survey has been conducted at the scales of the stall, the street, and the overall market. At the street scale we classify the configuration of markets into 10 types according to three criteria: number of traffic lanes, the application or not of road closure to traffic, and the number of the stall rows. Finally we discuss several noteworthy aspects in relation with the street markets in Japan, such as the flexibility of the setting, the narrowness of the market passages, the pedestrianization or the role of markets as a reinforcement of existing retail areas.

著者

永井 聡子 清水 裕之

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.487, pp.79-86, 1996

参考文献数

17

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This study is an attempt to clarify the relation between stage and auditorium in Adolphe Appia's theory of "LA MISE EN SCENE". Appia aimed at an unity between them. His idea cleared through Bayreuth festspielhaus and developped into the new step by experiencing Dalcroze method, eurhythmies in 1906. From the architectual point of view, there are two point about the unity; 1) proscenium arch 2) the side wall of the auditoium At the bottom, there are his concideration of the living body; actor and audience. New space appeared by the connection among body,lighting and space baced on the rhythm.

著者

西野 辰哉 岡河 貢

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.682, pp.2729-2738, 2012-12-30 (Released:2013-05-29)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

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The purpose of this paper is to clarify changes within an area along Old Sanyo Street in Saijo, in terms of the usage of the closed shop-houses and the sites and buildings established for Japanese brewing companies. Literature documentation, a measuring survey, and interviews were conducted. The findings are as follows. The area flourished as a place for rest and relaxation in the Edo era. However, now it is inactive because the number of shops has decreased and some sites were converted into parking lots in the late 20th century. Activity along the street has fallen considerably, because the closed shop-houses have been used only for storage or have become vacant, while the living areas are located at the back. The Japanese brewing companies were established in the early 20th century, yet moved to enlarged sites nearby and out of the area. They converted surplus spaces along the street for public use. After that, a touring network of public spaces inside the companies'sites along the street was established. These changes shifted the active area of Old Sanyo Street from the street itself to the insides of the companies'sites.

著者

李 明 石丸 紀興

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.703, pp.2077-2084, 2014-09-30 (Released:2014-09-30)

被引用文献数

3

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In this paper, as well as clarification about the relation between architect Benji TOYODA a global presence prewar Kure, Hiroshima Prefecture and former Hiroshima Joint Savings Bank head office building, which aims to consider the various building activity and career of Benji TOYODA to. 1. I will elucidate career of TOYODA. 2. To clarify about the relation between the former Hiroshima Joint Savings Bank head office building and TOYODA. 3. By considering, including the comparison with the architectural works of a series of TOYODA design and features of the former Hiroshima Joint Savings Bank head office building, we discuss architectural design of his activities.

著者

一志 哲夫 渡邊 朗子 小幡 亜希子 碓井 晋平

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.720, pp.293-301, 2016 (Released:2016-02-28)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

3

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This paper aims to clarify what kinds of design elements in environments stimulate mental activity. This study examined the effects on the brain activity when wearable optical topography was worn in different color environments. The subjects' mental activity in the prefrontal cortex was measured during working memory tasks in four colored booths: red, yellow, blue, and white. By performing physiological and psychological analyses, this study obtained the following results. 1. The yellow booth can activate mental activity the most. 2. Fatigue increases due to the stimulation of brain activity. 3. "Stimulating" environmental factors can be assumed to affect elements in mental activity, especially information processing.

著者

石井 良次 八木澤 壯一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.618, pp.33-40, 2007

参考文献数

3

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This study aims to clarify the transformation of crematoria and cremators. Below are the findings. 1) The Cremation Society of Great Britain was founded in 1874 and it promoted the cremation movement. consequently, the cremation became common. The cremation rate has remained stagnant at the 70% level since the 1990's. Religious and ethnic cultures may cause this phenomenon. 2) While the basic structure of the cremation institution has not changed, the Chapel of Remembrance was added and the design of crematorium changed. Also, the Book of Remembrance was introduced. 3) The basic structure of cremators has not changed, but the improvement was found in regard to economy, combustion efficiency, and environmental preservation.

著者

坪井 善道 北野 幸樹

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.648, pp.367-376, 2010-02-28 (Released:2010-06-07)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

3

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The purpose of this study is to show the possibility of preservation and revitalization method of the shopping side alley which located in the old town Tokyo. 17 neighborhood shopping streets were selected in the Tokyo wards areas which have above 20% of share for aged residents in the population. 17 streets were categorized into 6 pattern of shopping street space structure systems. Inherent characteristics are showed that shopping side alleys which called Yokochou-shoutengai are served daily necessaries to residents especially aged peoples who live in the convenient walking distance to the alleys. It is necessary to maintain the inherent characteristics of the Yokochou side alley that residents cultivate the alley space as their communication space for the community.

著者

水上 聡子 桜井 康宏

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.685, pp.735-744, 2013-03-30 (Released:2013-06-03)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

3

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To facilitate the workshop as a place for cooperative learning is a technique to support dialogues among participants of the workshop.The results of research and analysis on participants' intrinsic motivation are as follows.1. Participants' intrinsic motivations are grown and their consciousness and ability to act are changed by supporting their dialogues with emphasis on their competency and autonomy.2. Nine learning activities are developed with respect to each of three layers in the learning steps. The more participants achieve learning activities, the more they grow and change in their consciousness and activities.

著者

小野 啓子 安藤 徹哉

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.671, pp.207-215, 2012-01-30 (Released:2012-03-05)

参考文献数

25

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Natsujima (Tonoas) in the Truk (Chuuk) Islands was the geographical center of Japanese Micronesia (Nan'yo Gunto) where the original administrative headquarters was established in 1914. Without any large-scale industries, Japanese population in Truk remained small for years. However, conditions drastically changed after the mid-1930s when the Navy began to fortify the islands as the chief naval base in the Pacific for World War Two. This paper examines the Japanese settlement process in Truk and the urban morphology of Natsujima as well as the life of Japanese and Trukese in Natsujima-cho, during prewar and early wartime years. It also discusses the features of bonito fishery bases operated by Okinawans in small and dispersed settlements in Truk.

著者

佐藤 正彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.476, pp.167-174, 1995

参考文献数

9

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Since 'munafuda's (dedication boards) are usually written at the time of putting up the ridge-beam of holy buildings. 'joto tatematsuru' (we dedicate this building in deep reverence) might be the most appropriate description. In actuality, however, this description constitutes only few percentage. According to these munafudas, these percentages show that the peak of the constructions was under way March and Spring, and August and September. But since the dates were written at the time of dedicating the building, we must assume that the construction works were already under way in spring, or further back in winter and summer, sometime during the off-season on the farm; that is, after the harvest and before the rice-planting time. In this conection, 'Daisho-tekagami' mentions, "January, July, October, November, and December are auspicious months for building a pole of the sate" ; meaning that the three months in winter except January and July correspond to the slack season on the farm when more helping hands are available.

著者

タン ソウニ 郭 東潤 北原 理雄

出版者

Architectural Institute of Japan

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.681, pp.2569-2575, 2012

被引用文献数

2

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In a station square, avoidance behavior happens frequently. In order to create a more comfortable and safe walking space, it is necessary to consider people-to-people avoidance behavior and pedestrian personal space. In this research, we analyzed avoidance behavior by pedestrian pathways and discussed pedestrian personal space through the relative positions of two pedestrians in avoidance behavior. The characteristics of pedestrian avoidance behavior and personal spacewere as follows:<br>1. Pedestrian avoidance behavior has significant differences between moving in the opposite direction and in the same direction.<br>2. The distance of avoidance behavior in the morning is the least.<br>3. Under free walking conditions, the locus of the object's relative position can be considered as the boundary of the subject's personal space.<br>4. Reduce avoidance behavior: a. Give enough spacefor pathways of pedestrians. b. Consider the situation of users.

著者

増渕 昌利 高田 光雄

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:18818161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.660, pp.415-420, 2011-02-28 (Released:2011-03-31)

著者

辻川 ひとみ 北浦 かほる 斎木 陽子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.520, pp.233-238, 1999-06-30 (Released:2017-02-03)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

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In this paper we tried to place all of design elements except buildings in urban design by classifying them. So we considered a change of function that urban spaces have been needed by design elements since MEIJI period till now. It was found that a change of function falls roughly into three categories. And respective forms of elements have been changed with a change of function. Accordingly we defined the term "Street Furniture" as all of design elements except buildings that are related to human out door life in urban spaces.

著者

大佛 俊泰 小川 健一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.576, pp.101-107, 2004-02-28 (Released:2017-02-09)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 4

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Our regional images are composed of many evaluations about the various kinds of elements or activities within different regions. In quantitative terms, the extraction of regional images is difficult. In this paper, we focus on a phenomenon in which a part of regional image is reflected in the names of buildings. In the first instance, a model based on the random utility theory is constructed to describe the spatial distribution of buildings names. Secondly, the proposed model is calibrated using actual data from the city of Tokyo (Setagaya Ward), and the effects of such regional elements or activities on regional images are then estimated. Finally, values for the regional images are quantitatively estimated and their spatial distribution is represented on a map.

著者

中原 まり 小林 克弘

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.456, pp.265-271, 1994

被引用文献数

2 2

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The main object of this study is to clarify one of the morphological character of Mckim, Mead & White's works through the analysis on the plan of the Villard Houses in comparison with Low Library we have already analyzed. The following results are made clear. The configuration of the plan is designed by overlapping a double square and a Greek cross. 6 kinds of squares which are composed on a simple proportion can be found as datum line in deciding the shape of the central court and boudary walls between residential units. The walls in each house are designed based on combination of grid and square. This compositional principle is also reflected on facede.

著者

加藤 耕一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.554, pp.337-342, 2002-04-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

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The constructions of most of the early gothic cathedrals were started under the reign of Louis VII. This paper investigates the actual relationship between Louis VII and the construction of the cathedrals. Regarding the finances of the constructions, Louis VII gave economic aid in some case, but they weren't the great patronages. As for his power of ruling over the "royal bishopric", it reduced under his reign. Thus. Louis VII wasn't the great patron of the early gothic style. The fact that the king renounced his right to deprive the bishops' possessions might help the construction of the gothic cathedrals.