著者

虎石 顕一 中村 規子 由井薗 陽一 森 真弓 山田 正紀 高橋 司 黒川 美智子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.5, pp.479-483, 1998-10-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

12 9

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In order to improve children's compliance in taking bitter medicine, a gel base confectionery, which immediately changes into a jelly from after adding a special liquid, was used to mask the characteristic taste of the medicament. In pre-clinical trials, this jelly was evaluated by six adult volunteers who all reported the bitter taste to distinctly disappear in the jelly-formed quinia compared to a the powder of this medicine. Furthermore, we confirmed no comparable changes to exist in the serum levels of acetaminophene between acetaminophene alone and the gelbasemedicament mixture by oral administration. A clinical trial in three pediatric patients, who usually refuse medication because the bitter taste of the drugs, resulted in a 100% drug compliance for these children.

著者

本田 義輝 中野 眞汎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.219-224, 1997-06-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

8 11

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The adsorption characteristics of various adsorbates by spherical charcoal (Kremezin ®) were studied in vitro and then compared with those of powdered medical charcoal. Medical charcoal adsorbs substances with molecular weights ranging from several hundred daltons to several thousand daltons. Kremezin, however, adsorbs only low molecular weight substances with molecular weights of up to several hundred daltons. Therefore, the adsorption selectivity of Kremezin, which is related to the molecular weight of adsorbate, seemed to contribute to the specific pharmacological action of this drug under clinical conditions. In batch adsorption tests for various amines, amino acids and organic acids with molecular weightsof from 45 to 251, both adsorbents showed similar behaviors. An increase in the size of the adsorbate molecule enhanced the degree of adsorption, especially in compounds that are analogs. The molecular structure also seemed to be an important factor in the adsorption phenomena; an aromatic ring tended to increase the adsobability while the amino group, carboxyl group and hydroxyl group all showed a decrease in adsorbability.

著者

山岡 桂子 近森 温子 阿部 由明 所 安夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.2, pp.111-116, 1976 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1

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The number of glass particles arising in parenteral solution upon cutting of ampules was determined with use of 5-ml transparent and brown ampules. Cutting by “cracking” produced most satisfactory results of all methods devised. It was found as a result of the investigation by X-ray fluoroscopy that the solution contained in the ampules was almost completely free from particles from a file used for cutting. Mice injected intravenously into the tail with large amount of glass particles from ampule died of shock due to multiple pulmonary thrombosis. Tubercles caused by glass particles were observed in mice which survived the experiment without acute symptoms.

著者

大谷 道輝 佐久間 博文 高山 和郎 小滝 一 澤田 康文 伊賀 立二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.11-18, 1997 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

11 9

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Six kinds of well-prescribed admixtures of commercially available ointments and/or creams were selected from the prescribed sheets in our hospital. The skin permeability of corticosteroid from these admixtures was investigated by in vitro experiments using hairless mice skin. The permeability of corticosteroid through skin after adaptation of corticosteroid creams (Lidomex®) alone was approximately 9-fold larger as compared with that of the ointments only.The pemeability of conicosteroid in the admixture of Nedsona Universal®cream or Lidomex®ointment and urea ointments respectively was 3-and 5-fold larger than that from the cream and ointments alone. However, urea ointments did not influence the permeability of the drug in Lidomex®creams.This suggested that the w/o-type urea ointments more greatly enhanced the permeability of corticosteroid as compared with the o/w type urea ointments. The extent of the stability of the emulsion after mixing was related to the permeability. These results suggest that admixing ointments and/or creams should be carried done among bases having similar physicochemical characteristics.

著者

嶋崎 幸也 細谷 和良 田子 兼重 瀬尾 元一郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.4, pp.295-302, 1993-08-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

2 3

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The sensitivity to drugs, the pH in the medium of extract from intestinal content (MEIC) and the utilization of carbohydrates in the strain isolated from multi-drug-resistant Enterococcus preparations (RP) were compared with those in the strain isolated from conventional Enterococcus prepations (CP). The RP showed higher resistance to penicillin and macrolide antibiotics than the CP, but less resistance to quinolone antibiotics. In the MEIC, the CP decreased the pH more markedly than the RP. Regarding utilization of carbohydrates, both the RP and CP had the similar patterns to the catabolisms of Enterococcus faecium, but different catabolisms were observed between RP and CP.

著者

八木 元広 斉藤 幹央 阿部 学 宇野 勝次

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.6, pp.570-577, 1997-12-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

16

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We interviewed 539 patients (268 males, 271 females) treated with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors to survey the incidence of dry cough caused by ACE inhibitors. In addition, we identified the latent patients with dry cough induced by ACE inhibitors and surveyed the incidence of discontinuance or change in the ACE inhibitors after the interview.The incidence of dry cough induced by the ACE inhibitors was 18.9%, and a serious dry cough was found in 4.9%. After the interview, the incidence of discontinuance or change in the ACE inhibitor administration was 20.6% in all patients with dry cough, 68.0% in the patients with a serious dry cough and 5.2% in the patients with a slight dry cough. All patients who either discontinued or changed the ACE inhibitors soon stopped soffering from dry cough. These results indicate that dry cough caused by the ACE inhibitors may be a clinically severe problem. Moreover, the detection and suitable treatment of latent patients with dry cough induced by ACE inhibitors is also important in order to perform proper drug therapy.

著者

牧大 節子 相良 悦郎 中川 冨士雄

出版者

Japanese Society of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.130-131, 1978

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The study was made on prescribed doses of 317 drug products for oral use which appeared frequently in 6, 594 inpatient prescriptions filled at the University of Tokyo Hospital in 28 days purposively selected from a period of 4 months from March to June 1976. The prescribed doses were compared with usual doses stated in the Pharmacopoeia of Japan and package inserts. The drug products prescribed within usual dose range composed 19.6% of the total products used, the drugs within and above usual dose range 24.3%, within and below 30.5%, within and above and below 20.2%, and out of usual dose range 5.4%. The percentage distribution agreed with a conjecture of pharmacists in practice.

著者

保田 静江 武藤 正 中岡 洋子 山下 朋子 岡村 好孝 柏木 哲夫 内藤 俊一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.3, pp.222-228, 1982-08-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

4

---

Brompton mixture was used for reducing the pain in cancer patients at the terminal stage. The mixture was effective in treatment and caused no adverse reactions, such as cloudiness of consciousness, personality deviation, and psychological dependency and tolerance. Some patients were able to take the mixture orally until the day just before death. The effectiveness of the Brompton mixture was investigated on 34 patients. It was considered that the increase in dose to reduce a pain might be due to the increase of pain associated with exacerbation of cancer and/ or malabsorption of morphine rather than drug tolerance to morphine. Morphine concentration in plasma of a patient with pain well-controlled by the mixture was about 0.4μg/ml. Adverse reactions of the Brompton mixture were decreased in parallel with the use of prochlorperazine and other drugs.

著者

森山 祐輔 有森 和彦 中野 眞汎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.245-251, 1992-06-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

11

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The statistics indicates that the constitution of children, which includes height and body weight, has developed during the last 40 years.Therefore, we investigated that body surface area of children at present for every age which was calculated with Fujimoto's formula was greater than that in 1948.So we reexamined pediatric dose obtained from Augsberger's I, Augsberger's II, Young's, and Fujimoto's formula.The pediatric dose ratio based on body surface area in 1948 much more corresponded with the dose ratio obtained from the Augsberger's II formula.On the other hand, the pediatric dose ratio based on body surface area for every age in 1987 was shifted to higher dose ratio compared with that obtained from the Augsberger's II formula. The pediatric dose ratios obtained from three formulas except Fujimoto's formula indicated lower dose ratio than that obtained from Fujimoto's formula.Furthermore, under the age of five, pediatric dose ratio calculated from Fujimoto's formula was higher than that calculated from Du Bois's formula.The difference between the two dose ratios was larger as the age of children was lower.Consequently, considering big change in the constitution of children during the last 40 years, there may be a possibility to estimate lower pediatric dose than the dose which was required in the present children, if the pediatric dose was eviluated with Augsberger's II formula.

著者

有森 和彦 宮崎 万理 若山 香都美 弟子丸 恵実 中野 眞汎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.6, pp.380-384, 1990-12-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

13

著者

青山 敏信 樋口 駿 堀岡 正義

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.74-82, 1978 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

10

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Fourteen lots of tablets, capsules and granules of commercial lysozyme chloride preparations, manufactured by six differerent companies, were evaluated for their pharmaceutical qualities. Significant difference of in vitro dissolution rate was noted between these products, when tested with 1st and 2nd fluids in the disintegration test of J. P. IX as dissolution media in the rotation method of U. S. P. XIX. The dissolution rate may have relationship with clinical effect of the products. By disc electrophoresis, impure protein was found to be contained in the preparations of all but one manufacturer. New quantitative analytical method by means of the area of bacteriolysis on gel-plate was developed in this study. The new method proved to produce results same as those obtained by the conventional method on the basis of the change in turbidity depending on bacteriolysis.

著者

宇佐美 英治 水野 政義 瀬山 義幸

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.173-178, 1998 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 1

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The superoxide anion scavenging activity of traditional Chinese medicines (Kampo) was estimated by the nitrate and nitrobluetetrazolium methods. No.15 and 34 revealed a strong superoxide anion scavenging activity and No.1, 7, 19, 25 and 45 revealed a relatively strong superoxide anion scavenging activity by nitrate method. On the other hand the nitrobluetetrazolium method revealed a relatively strong activity in No.1, 15, 25, 45 and 96. In particular, both methods denoted a relatively strong superoxide anion scavenging activity in No.1, 15, 25 and 45. These results suggest that the superoxide anion scavenging activity of each component accumulatively contribute to those Kampo medicines and might play an anti-inflamatory effect and “Ku-Oketsu” (improved blood circulation) effect in these medicines.

著者

牧大 節子 相良 悦郎 中川 冨士雄

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.130-131, 1978-11-20

---

The study was made on prescribed doses of 317 drug products for oral use which appeared frequently in 6,594 inpatient prescriptions filled at the University of Tokyo Hospital in 28 days purposively selected from a period of 4 months from March to June 1976. The prescribed doses were compared with usual doses stated in the Pharmacopoeia of Japan and package inserts. The drug products prescribed within usual dose range composed 19.6% of the total products used, the drugs within and above usual dose range 24.3%, within and below 30.5%, within and above and below 20.2%, and out of usual dose range 5.4%. The percentage distribution agreed with a conjecture of pharmacists in practice.

著者

奥村 学 瀬尾 量 長沼 広子 日高 慎二 児玉 裕文 前田 共秀 橋本 強 鶴岡 道雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3, pp.162-166, 1991-06-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

4

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A new computerized system for making of drug envelope has been developed in Miyazaki Medical College Hospital Department of Pharmacy.Although such system has been already developed, most of system were not sufficient for labor-saving.This developed system has no need to put label on drug envelope, and to separate drug envelope.And the time to produce prescription and drug envelope was half as much as that of writing by hand.Hence We can use free time that we got by our system for other work.At all points, our system make a great contribution to labor-saving at hospital pharmacy.

著者

伊東 明彦 小林 由美子 杉原 正泰

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.5-10, 1989-02-20

被引用文献数

1

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The significance of depth of score, the kinds of binders and granules for compression on dividing of scored tablets was investigated. Scored tablets with the rate of depth of score per thickness varying with 10, 20 and 30% were prepared using hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), potato starch, acacia and gelatin as binder and sieved granules in three particle sizes and no sieved granules as granules for compression. Dividing strength of the scored tablets decreased with an increase in depth of score and was affected by the kinds of binders. Weight variation of the divided tablets was the smallest on the tablet of 30% depth of score prepared from sieved granules irrespective of the kinds of binders and physical characteristics of granules. However, when the rate of depth was lower than 20%, the weight variation of the divided tablets was affected by the kinds of binders and physical characteristics of the granules. With 20% depth of score, tablets using potato starch and gelatin as binder showed little weight variation. In case of the 10%, tablets using potato starch and granules of 16-32 mesh showed better results. Tablets prepared with non-sieved granules showed effect of particle size distribution of granules on weight variation of divided tablets even in the case of the 30% depth.

著者

芳原 準男 外間 惟夫 亀谷 浩昌 大城 進

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.3, pp.319-322, 1999-06-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

9

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The drug interaction between sodium valproate (VPA), an anticonvulsant, and faropenem sodium (FRPM), a new penem antibiotic drug, was studied in rats. No significant change was observed in the plasma VPA concentration when compared with the control after the administration of VPA (TOO mg/kg per oral) simultaneously with FRPM (600 mg/kg per oral).

著者

五土嵐 正博 黒岩 朝子 林 昌洋 灰田 美知子 峯村 信嘉 高木 英爾 西山 信一郎 百村 伸一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.207-211, 2000 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

3 3

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We experienced a serious interaction between miconazole gel and warfarin. The patient had just undergone an aortic and mitral value replacement and thus was medicated with warfarin at a dosage according to the International Normalized Ratio (INR) of about 2.0-2.5. He was prescribed miconazole gel 400 mg/day for thrush induced by steroid for asthma. About two weeks later, he showed bleeding in the mouth and underwent a medical examination. His INR was higher than the upper of measurement limit and so he was immediately hospitalized. Vitamin K was given, miconazole gel and warfarin ware stopped. Two weeks later, his INR was less than 3.0 and thus the warfarin was restarted. But his warfarin dose was less than one third of dosethat had been given before hospitalization.The interaction between miconazole gel and warfarin that we experienced by our patient while was as serious as the reports from abroad.

著者

松原 絵里子 小杉 裕一郎 加納 公子 松本 有右 下平 秀夫 内田 寛 湯浅 宏 金谷 芳雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.129-135, 1993-03-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

16

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Accuracy of dividing weight of 11 drugs (5 powders, 3 fine glanules and 3 glanules) were tested on a automatic pre-packing machine, TOSHO BL-4W. The mean coefficient of variation (C. V.) was 3.9% for 30 subpacks of 1g in theoretical weight and sufficient accuracy of dividing weight was obtained. However, fine lactose, corn starch, and precipitated calcium carbonate showed relatively large C. V. values. The mean C. V. of 3 drugs (Gastropylore, heavy magnesium oxide and Marzulene S) were 3.0 and 5.5% obtained on 0.3 and 0.6g in theoretical weight, respectively, and these mean C.V. were regarded as sufficient. However, on 0.3g in theoretical weight, Gastropylore gave relatively large C. V., 8.5%. Gastropylore also gave relatively large C. V. on total weight of 30 subpacks. Angles of fall were highly correlated to C. V. values. It is suggested that angles of fall are especially useful for predict accuracy of dividing weight on a pre-packing machine.

著者

清水 孝子 西原 カズヨ 澤田 康文 伊賀 立二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.6, pp.534-541, 1993 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1 1

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Food ingestion does not affect the bioavailability of the nifedipine capsule, a calcium channel antagonist, but delays its absorption rate in healthy subjects. On the other hand, in two different sustained-release preparations of nifedipine, both the bioavailability and anti-hypertensive efficacy in one of them increases, whereas the other is not so much affected by meals. Furthermore, the food induces a reduction in the bioavailability of nicardipine sustained-release preparation, while those of nisordipine, benidipine and manidipine increase conversely.Such a change in the bioavailability based on food intake may influence the anti-hypertensive efficacy after the initial dosing of the medicine but not so after multiple dosing.In each medicine or dosage form, there are some differences in the change in the blood level and anti-hypertensive efficacy brought on by food ingestion among the drugs. In general, however, in order to improve patient compliance, we recommend that calcium channel antagonists should be taken after meals following the directions given for this medication.

著者

本田 義輝 中野 眞汎

出版者

日本病院薬剤師会

雑誌

病院薬学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.4, pp.265-272, 1994

被引用文献数

4

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Adsorption characteristics of creatinine by activated carbon beads consisting of about 67% activated carbon powder in ager were studied in vitro and compared with those of Kremezin^<[◯!R]> from the standpoint of usefulness for sequestering uremic wastes and uremic toxins exsorbed into the intestine. The extent and rate of creatinine adsorption on carbon in the beads were almost equal to those of the naked powder, and the preparation also demonstrated a similar adsorption behavior for creatinine as compared with Kremezin under the conditions of the presence of various ionic and nonionic additives. Furthermore, uremic peaks 2a and 2b on HPLC specific to chronic renal failure were readiy eliminated by the treatment of the beads in the uremic plasma. On the other hand, although the adsorption capacities of Kremezin for drugs were generally equal to those of medical carbon, the adsorption rate by Kremezin was smaller, but inferiority was not so serious as to make Kremezin useless as an oral antidote in acute intoxications brought on by drugs.