著者

林 弘祐 笠野 俊彦 須原 清治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.108-117, 1981 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

6

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Pharmaceutical preparations such as sodium bicarbonate, lactose and potato starch show 2 different physical properties depending on their crystal diameters and moisture contents. Light anhydrous silicic acid (LASA) was added in several levels to 2 forms of the above preparations in order to investigate how these amounts of addition cause differences in their physical properties. Results are as follows:1) The angle of repose was minimized when LASA was added to powdered sodium bicarbonate in a proportion ranging from 0.1 to 0.25% and became greater in proportions exceeding 0.25%. Both the angle of repose and apparent specific volume of crystalline sodium bicarbonate were minimized by addition of LASA 0.01% and became greater in proportions exceeding 0.5%.2) In the case of powdered lactose, addition of LASA 0.01%resulted in negligible improvement in the physical properties. The effect was maximum in the proportion of 0.25%. In the case of crystalline lactose, addition of LASA even in 0.01% improved the physical properties. The effect was slightly enhanced by addition of LASA up to 0.1%. However, the addition of LASA in the proportion ranging from 0.25 to 0.5% deteriorated the effect.3) The degree of improvement in the physical properties of wet and dry potato starch reached maximum by addition of LASA 0.25 and 0.05%, respectively. The effect on wet stacrch by addition of LASA was greater.4) Scanning electron microscopy for observing the mixed conditions revealed that larger number of LASA particles attached to particles of the preparations when the physical properties were improved to a greater extent, and further increased proportions of addition resulted in the tendency to deteriorate physical properties by generation of aggregated particles of LASA attached particles of the preparations.

著者

藤山 悳正 仙田 隆一 遠山 裕子 菊地 加代子 瀧沢 武雄 城武 昇一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.22-28, 1995-02-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

8

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Intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) treatment has been used in Japan since 1970, many hospitals applying this treatment to patients and receiving good results. Since the introduction of IVH treatment, its prescription and technique of this treatment have improved as a result of the many experiments and clinical reasearch conducted.In this study on the pharmacist's safety while adjusting IVH, it was forcused mainly on the amount and the size of the scattering glass fragments and the distance they traveled when an ampoule is opened.The results of the experiment were follows.(1) The number of glass fragments for those larger than 30μm only Scattered was from a minimum of 2 to a maximum of 33. The largest glass fragment found in each of the three samples used was 182.7μm, 238.3μm, and 126.1μm for Ohtsuka MV® Sohvita®, and distilled water, respectively.(2) Many fragment were from 30μm to 40μm in size, with fragments of this size were contained in each sample as follows: 53.50%, 46.30%, and 57.95% in Ohtsuka MV®, SohvitaR, and distilled water, respectively.(3) It was found that glass fragments could scatter up to 80cm in distance away from the ampoule.

著者

青山 隆夫 松元 美香 中山 紀美子 中島 克佳 渋谷 文則 小滝 一 澤田 康文 伊賀 立二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.108-114, 1997-04-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The pyrogenic activity of 10% inulin injections prepared at a hospital pharmacy was measured using the Pyrogen test in Japanese Pharmacopeia (JP), while the endotoxin concentration in the injections was determined by the, Limulus test, which were JP Endotoxin test and a turbidmetric kinetic assay. After the intravenous administration of 30 ml of inulin injections to a rabbit, the rectal temperature rose to 1.5° compared with that before administration. As a result, the endotoxin was found in all lots of the inulin injections tested, and their values were markedly beyond the limit of Water For Injections prescribed in JP (0.25 EU/ml). In addition, the endotoxin content varied between the various lots of inulin powder, and also between the manufacturers. The endotoxin in inulin injection was removed (less than the quantitative limit of 0.031 EU/ml) by adding activated carbon black to the injection or the filtration using a Posidyne® Nylon 66 filter. No pyrogenic activity was observed in the inulin injections after the removal of endotoxin.Based on these results, the adverse effects induced by inulin injections may thus be caused by endotoxin derived from inulin. This method using either adsorption or filtration is thus considered to be useful for the removal of endotoxin when preparing inulin injections.

著者

中村 裕義 木村 真春 山形 眞一 中村 均 大森 栄 北田 光一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.5, pp.437-444, 1997-10-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

3

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In the present study, we examined the effects of light, temperature and humidity on the residual rate of alfacalcidol in four commercially available preparations of alfacalcidol (Alfarol® capsules, Alfarol® powder, Warkmin® capsules and Onealfa® tablets). The tests were performed for up to 10 weeks with PTP seals, or without PTP seals. The changes in residual rate of alfacalcidol in Alfarol® powder packaged with cellophane-laminate paper, and Onealfa® tablets packaged with cellophane-laminate paper after crushing were also examined.The residual rate of alfacalcidol decreased in Alfarol® capsules packaged with PTP seals under fluorescent lighting (1000 lux) and in Alfarol® powder without an aluminum seal under all conditions. There were no changes in the contents of alfacalcidol in Alfarol® capsules with PTP seals and Alfarol® powder packaged by aluminum seal. A slight decrease in the residual rate of alfacalcidol in Warkmin® capsules was found under fluorescent lighting. The residual rate of alfacalcidol decreased in Onealfa® tablets under high temperature and/or high humidity. Alfarol® powder packaged with cellophane-laminate paper and Onealfa® tablets packaged with cellophane-laminete paper after crushing were found to be unstable, indicating that long-term storage should be avoided when these formulations are prepared.

著者

山岡 桂子 山岡 尚世 高柳 ともえ 松井 正輝 沖永 真奈恵

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.5, pp.428-433, 1995-10-10

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We compared a 7% lidocaine cream (Preparation C) prepared at our hospital using a commercially available 5% dental xylocaine ointment (Preparation K) for application as a lacal anesthesia for skin patients when employing a laser beam for stability and anesthetic performance. Both preparations did not show any water separation or color change at 5℃, 25℃, 40℃ at RH 75℃ with a 95℃ or more residual rate. Furthermore, water evaporation in both preparations was not observed and was within the limit of measurement error. Significant change was not recognized in the expansibility of the preparation. The results of the viable cell count study according to Standard Plate-Counting Method and Specific Plate-Counting Method under the four conditions were negative (10 bacteria or less/g) with no observation of bacterial colonies. The anesthetic effect lasted 120 min for Preparation C with the 60-min application, while Preparation K only showed diminution of pain for 30 min.

著者

山岡 桂子 山岡 尚世 高柳 ともえ 松井 正輝 沖永 真奈恵

出版者

Japanese Society of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.5, pp.428-433, 1995

---

We compared a 7% lidocaine cream (Preparation C) prepared at our hospital using a commercially available 5% dental xylocaine ointment (Preparation K) for application as a lacal anesthesia for skin patients when employing a laser beam for stability and anesthetic performance. Both preparations did not show any water separation or color change at 5°C, 25°C, 40°C at RH 75% with a 95% or more residual rate. Furthermore, water evaporation in both preparations was not observed and was within the limit of measurement error. Significant change was not recognized in the expansibility of the preparation. The results of the viable cell count study according to Standard Plate-Counting Method and Specific Plate-Counting Method under the four conditions were negative (10 bacteria or less/g) with no observation of bacterial colonies. The anesthetic effect lasted 120 min for Preparation C with the 60-min application, while Preparation K only showed diminution of pain for 30 min.

著者

三露 久生 茶谷 孝治 林 進

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.5, pp.255-259, 1990

---

We surveyed differences of curative rates of Yokuinin for verruca vulgaris between children and adults with a questionnaire.Curative rates of patients who belong to 0-5 years old, 6-11 years old, 12-17 years old, and over 18 years old were;71%, 74%, 56%, and 20%, respectively. The curative rate of patients over 18 years old was remarkably reduced as compared. with that of children under 12 years old.Significant difference was observed between the curative rate of 0-11 years old group and that of over 18 years old group.

著者

稲毛 治夫 加藤 裕久 石船 重之 古泉 秀夫 下川 正見 松下 竹次 江木 晋三

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.4, pp.353-357, 1993-08-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

8

---

The hydrophilic membrane of a final filter was dissolved by etoposide injection (Lastet) when administered to a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia by the continuous dosing method applied through a final filter. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the effecacy (appearance, bubble point pressure and durability) of five final filters using etoposide injection and adjuvants. The results suggest that polyethylene glycol and ethanol in etoposide injection dissolved the cellulose membrane of the final filter, whereas the teflon membrane of the syringe-operated filter unit was valuable.

著者

大塚 亮子 青山 隆夫 高柳 理早 清野 敏一 清水 秀行 中村 幸一 小滝 一 澤田 康文 伊賀 立二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.269-277, 1997-06-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1 2

---

We studied the effect of advising outpatients on the rational use of ophthalmic solutions and compliance by a questionnaire (n=158), in order to establish the optimal consultation method. A total of 41.8% of the patients answered the questionnaire. In compairing the actual use of ophthalmic solutions before and after consultation, the rates of rational use increased for all items except for “applications per day”, which decreased slightly from 93.4% before the consultation to 90.2% after that. In particular, “eyelid closure” and “nasolacrimal occlusion” after instillation, and “the 5 min interval of instillation in the case of plural medication”, considerably increased from 34.8% before the consultation to 60.6% after that, from 9.5% to 50.8% and from 45.9% to 73.8%, respectively. The compliance remarkably improved in glaucoma patients after consultation regarding “the 5min interval of instillation” .Based on these results, our consultation method for the rational use on ophthalmic solutions was thus evaluated. However, since some patients who still did not appreciate the need for the rational use of such medication still presented, further improvements in the consultation method requires for the rational use.

著者

原田 康 垣内 祥宏 武田 光志 佐藤 信一 馬場 泰行 幸田 幸直

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.4, pp.399-406, 1999-08-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

10

---

Recently, automatic tablet counting and packaging machines have come to be widely used for the one-dose packaging of tablets and capsules. However, coloration, i.e. changes in color, of such tablets repackaged by one-dose packaging machins for dispensing has been frequently observed in several kinds of tablets due to the light, humidity and temperature in the room. In this report, the changes observed over time in the controlled-release mesalazine product, Pentasa® tablets, repackaged with polyethylene-laminated cellophane and glassine films for the one-dose packaging was studied.The repackaged tablets changed color within a week at room conditions (22-25°C, 50-70% RH) under a 350 lux fluorescent white-1 amp ex posure for 12 h per day or in darkness. However, no coloration was observed for at least four weeks in a refrigerator (4°C, 20% RH) in dark ness. The weight of the repackaged tablets increased by about 1% at room conditions within a week, while no such weight increase in the tablets was observed while the tablets were kept in a refrigerator. No changes in the amounts of mesalazine and its degradates, gentigic acid and p-aminophenol, in the tablets were observed and the dissolution properties of mesalazine from the tablets also remained unchanged during the experimental period.Based on these findings, we conclude that the one-dose packaging of Pentasa® tablets is not a suitable procedure since it results in the absorption of moisture and changes in color.

著者

伊藤 葉子 長尾 康博 伊田 喜光 山元 俊憲 黒岩 幸雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.4, pp.319-326, 1995-08-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

9

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We found that an impurity was formed in the 1% dibucaine injection solution following ordinal treatment using the high-pressure steam method. The impurity was isolated and characterized to be 2-hydroxy-N-[2-(diethylamino) ethy1-4-quinolinecarboxamine (debutyl-dibucaine)], which was caused from the thermal degradation of dibucaine brought about by the sterilization process. The degradation of dibucaine with dealkylation was found to be affected under the thermal treatment, time and temperature conditions. In addition, suitable sterilization conditions were established to maintain the purity of the 1% dibucaine injection solution at more than 99.5%.

著者

高橋 文枝 田村 善蔵 矢沢 幸平

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.50-54, 1980 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The factors which cause death of the living cells in a bifidobacterial preparation (Lac B) were studied. When the relative humidity exceeded 50%, or when the moisture absorption in the preparation exceeded 5%, the number of the living cells rapidly reduced at 27°. In such humidity, however, death of the cells was not observed during 10 days, when the temperature was maintainedat 4°. When the cells, dried over P2os, were compounded with the same quantity of a dried drug and stored under dry condition, the number of living cells did not reduced for 1 week even at 37°.

著者

播磨 由紀子 神代 昭

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.45-53, 1990-02-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

11

著者

森田 俊博 海浪 裕子 林原 正和 大坪 健司

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.3, pp.237-242, 1998-06-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

14

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We developed safe and simple closed system for preparing ointments containing cytotoxic drugs using a polyethylene bag.β-Carotene (β-C) and fluorescein sodium (FL) were used as model drugs in the present study. All preparation procedures were carried out in a polyethylene bag. The uniformity of drug content in the ointment was obtained by rolling the contents more than 20 times with a roller in both model drugs. The contents of each model drug in the ointment prepared by a closed system were consistent with those by the conventional method using a glass mortar. The time required to prepare the ointment in a closed system was much shorter than that using the conventional method. In addition, no contamination was observed in the closed system, whereas some contamination of the cyto-safe sheet and gloves with FL were observed with the conventional method. Based on the present findings, a closed system using a polyethylen bag is thus considered to be a useful method for preparing ointments containing cytotoxic drugs.

著者

石井 義昭 細田 純子 若山 文恵 安藤 正子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.176-185, 1979 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

4

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Compatibility of enteric-coated Futraful E Granules (FTEG) with 60 commercial preparations was investigated. In combination with FTEG, changes in appearance (wetness, coagulation, coloration and liquefaction) under the worst condition (30°, RH 92%) were observed in only 3 of the 60 preparations: neophylline, theocolin and sodium bicarbonate. In thin-layer chromatography, decomposed compounds producedin combination of FTFG with the 3 preparations were identified as5-fluorouracil. In the dissolution test, FTEG was not dissolved in1st fluid (J. P. IX) in the same combination. Therefore, the combination of FTEG with 2 of the 3 preparations should be avoided, but the combination with the remaining 57 preparations is possible if attention is paid topackaging, duration of administration and other conditions.

著者

塩尻 容子 黒崎 勇二 川崎 博巳 柳澤 一恵 荒木 博陽 五味田 裕 小田 慈 竹田 芳弘 平木 祥夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.6, pp.677-682, 1998-12-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 3

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Improving the patient's QOL is an important matter for guaranteeing proper pharmacotherapy. Lugol's solution (LS, iodine content: I2 3.4%, KI 6.6%) for internal use is a useful drug for the inhibition of radioiodine uptake to the thyroid gland. However, it is difficult for patients, especially children to take this agent or ally due to its unpleasant taste, terrible smell, and peculiar color. The present study was conducted to improve both the taste and the smell of LS, by using soft drinks containing ascorbic acid. Iodine (I2) molecules in LS are reduced to iodide (F) by ascorbic acid, and the peculiar color of LS thus vanished. The amount of L (+)-ascorbic acid (VC) required to remove the color was in good agreement with the rational value. The improvement in the taste, smell, stimulation on the tongue, and the overall ease in taking the following four LS preparations, i.e., the control LS (LS-I), added by Simple Syrup solution (LS-II), by VC solution (LS-III), and by POCARISWEAT® (LS-IV), were then evaluated in the ten healthy adult volunteers. LS-II, -III and -IV, significantly improved all the elements compared with LSI, and eight volunteers selected LS-IV as the easiest preparation. The inhibitory effect of LS-IV to the radioiodine uptake to the thyroid gland was also confirmed in a patient with neuroblastoma based on a clinical diagnosis using 131I-metaiodobenzyl-guanidine scintigraphy. These results suggest that the medication method for taking LS with soft drinks containing VC improves the compliance and QOL of these patients.

著者

山路 昭 藤井 康子 奥田 陽子 青野 真知子 佐藤 健太郎 千葉 幹夫 平岡 栄一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.7-11, 1978 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1 1

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Photodegradation of vitamin K1 and K2 injections during preservation and in intravenous admixtures was investigated by high-pressure liquid chromatography. When exposed to fluorescent light (500 lux), 50% of commercial product (10mg) of vitamin K1 decomposed in about 15 days, compared with about 10 days for the 50% decomposition of vitamin K2 product. In the intravenous admixtures for drip infusion, the residual rate after sunlight irradiation (2, 000 lux) for 3 hours was 43-63% for K1 and 31-44% for K2. Therefore, intravenous admixtures containing theselight-unstable injections require shading during drip infusion. In Osaka University Hospital, the light-resistant covers of containers for injections are used for this purpose.

著者

西川 三喜男 鈴木 一市 森田 久代 川影 逸郎 藤井 喜一郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.257-260, 1986-06-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

7

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Vitamin K2 (K2) syrup has begun to be administered to newborn for prophylaxis of intracranial hemorrhage due to vitamin K deficiency. The stability of K2 syrup (2mg/ml) and its diluted solution (0.2mg/ml) in a plastic bottle with or without an orange bag to exclude light was examined by micro high pressure liquid chromatography.When light was excluded by the orange bag, regardless of a color of bottle, the concentration of K2 and storage temperature, the residual rate of K2 in an ophthalmic bottle (10ml) was more than 90% after 1 month under a fluorescent light (500 lux) shed for 10-12 hours per day. But when light was not excluded by the orange bag, K2 decomposed to less than 40% and was somewhat more stable in a brown-colored bottle than in a colorless bottle, and in syrup than in its diluted solution. K2 in a dispensing bottle (30ml) without a light-resistant cover decomposed to 76-85% in only 9 hours under fluorescent light.Therefore, K2 syrup and its diluted solution should be administered in light-excluding containers. Photodegradation of K2 in the plastic bottle was inhibited when stored in an orange bag.

著者

石井 義昭 細田 純子 若山 文恵 安藤 正子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.3, pp.147-155, 1978 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

9

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Compatibility of futraful (FT-207) fine granules with 54 commercial preparations was tested under three conditions of constant temperature and relative humidity (A: 30°, 92%; B: 23°, 76%; C: 5°, 50%). As a result, no change was observed in FT-207 fine granules and 30 of 54 preparations under any condition. Some changes such as wetness, coagulation, coloration and liquefaction were observed in 24 preparations under condition A, 11 preparations under condition B and 2 preparations under condition C. Of 24 preparations, the following 4 preparations were considered to develop changes when compounded with FT-207 fine granules magnesium oxide, aminophylline, galantase and sodium bicarbonate. By thin layer chromatography, the decomposed compound (5-fluorouracil) of FT-207 was detected in combination with 10 preparations such as enzyme and vitamin. The rate of decomposition of FT-207 allowed for 30 days under condition A was 2.5-5 % in combination with Popon S and less than 1% in combination with other 9 preparations. But these changes in appearance and potency of FT-207 with packing were less than that without packing. Any of 54 preparations are thought to be compoundable with FT-207 fine granules when sufficient care is taken to protect them from moistening.

著者

丸田 栄一 但馬 重俊 廣谷 芳彦 前田 義美 西井 諭司 東 敏夫 山路 昭 紀氏 汎恵 平岡 栄一 三牧 孝至 田川 哲三 藪内 百治

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.5, pp.398-402, 1985-10-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

15

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Phenytoin (PHT) fine granule, which has the same bioavailability as the tablet, has recently been marketed. We projected a change of PHT dosage form from usual powder to fine granule. In view of the fact that 97% of PHT products prescribed and marketed are available in fine granules, 50% PHT preparations were produced in hospital pharmacy. 5 kinds of preparations using various lactoses as diluents were prepared and tested for their quality. Among them, the preparation from Aleviatin fine granule passing through a 42-mesh sieve and EFC lactose showed the best results in the mixing property and various sense tests. The change to this dosage form and its bioavailability tests were carried out by a cooperation of doctors and pharmacists. Serum PHT levels of all patients, assayed by EMIT method, showed a 20% to 30% increase after the administration of the new preparation (50% PHT fine granule with EFC lactose).