著者

有森 和彦 河野 ひとみ 近見 和代 岩奥 玲子 中野 眞汎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.6, pp.361-365, 1987-12-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

3 1

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Serum concentrations of phenytoin and phenobarbital which were administered as the tablet or the powder in epileptic patients were determined by the fluorescence polarization immunoassay method. The serum concentrations of phenytoin administered as the tablet (Hydantol®) were higher than those as the powder (Aleviatin ® fine granules). To investigate the differences in serum levels following administration of each preparation, compliance, dissolution characteristics of the preparations and losses of the powder after operating the dividing and packing machines were investigated. Since phenytoin dissolved from the Hydantol ® tablet more slowly than from the Aleviatin ® fine granules, the differences in dissolution rates of both preparations do not seem to be the cause of higher serum concentrations in patients taking the Hydantol ® tablet.The amount of the powder after operating three types of dividing and packing machines was decreased about 2-8% of the original amount of the powder by adhesion to various dividing sites of the machine. Accordingly, the lower serum concentrations of phenytoin after the administration of the powder may be due to losses of the powder by the adhesion to dividing and packing machine and due to non-compliance.Although there was no significant difference in the serum concentrations of phenobarbital between the tablet (Phenobal ®) and the powder (JP X phenobarbital powder), large variations in the serum concentrations were observed following administration of the powder. In view of the result of questionnaire and bitterness of the drug, a possibility of non-compliance of the powder was considered. Thus, it may be suggested that these factors should be concerned invariations of the serum concentrations.

著者

三川 武彦 山田 正人 三輪 憲子 江戸 清人

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.5, pp.435-441, 1993-10-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

6

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The regulations formulated in the past 10 years for morphine preparations at Fukushima Medical College Hospital are described. The amount of morphine preparations, which were returned and reused, increased in parallel with the number of prescriptions for morphine preparations. In contrast, the volume of morphine preparations disposed dramatically decreased during the past 2 years. During the past 10 years, no problems arose concerning the regulations for morphine preparations.

著者

KIYOTAKA HIRATA YOSHIAKI MATSUMOTO JOJI TOMIOKA AKIRA KUROKAWA MITSUO MATSUMOTO MASAHIRO MURATA

出版者

Japanese Society of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.4, pp.340-348, 1998-08-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 5

---

During 1996, 1188 patients with acute drug poisoning were admitted to 59 critical care departments in Japan. The patients were predominantly female (68.4%) and relatively young (69.2%, under the age of 40). Further analysis of the 1188 patients indicated that the majority (77.9%) were admitted as a result of deliberate self-poisoning, while 15.1 % of the cases were admitted due to accidental poisoning (unknown cause 7%). A total of 2517 drugs was taken by these patients. The most common group of drugs involved were benzodiazepines (32.1 %), followed by neuroleptics (12.2%), antidepressants (10.2%), analgesics (9.1%), antihistamines (7.3%) and barbiturates (6.2%).An important difference observed in the pattern of acute drug poisoning, when compared with that in other countries, was the preferential use of bromvalerylurea by young individuals for deliberate self-poisoning. This drug has not been used in any other country recently.There were twelve cases of fatal drug poisoning in the 59 critical care departments during 1996, including nine women. Four patients had taken barbiturates and six patients had taken a combination of benzodiazepines. In order to treat patients with acute drug poisoning, it is important to provide physicians with essential information on the incidence, mechanism of poisoning, and metabolism of the drug involved. In the case of rare drug poisoning, however, as it would take consideiable time for any one critical care department alone to amass enough admissions for generating a reliable information databese regarding management and prognosis, we therefore believe that a national approach is required to address the issue of management of patients with acute drug poisoning.

著者

川上 英治 二神 幸次郎 定金 典明 西原 茂樹 荒木 博陽 川崎 博己 五味田 裕

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.69-75, 1999-02-10 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

7

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Pharmacists need to have a clear policy for managing investigational drugs under circumstances that are consistent with Good Clinical Practice. We studied the management and support system for the clinical research of investigational drugs based on the management of investigational drugs. We experienced 126 cases of pharmaceutical consultations in 650 prescriptions for investigational drugs from April 1997 to March 1998. Seven cases which might induce a patient to drop out, were included in pharmaceutical consultations. We found it was important to communicate with all investigators regarding giving adequate prior information to having a clearly defined protocol. Our pharmaceutical program for the clinical research of investigational drugs was thus found to be useful in the management of investigational drugs.

著者

佐藤 均 佐藤 里美 若園 智弥 堀越 勇

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.5, pp.418-427, 1995-10-10

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Conventional printed databases (or manuals) for drug information have unequivocal problems in adding new information, which are critical for drug safety, and in extracting required information from large amounts of data. Therefore, in this study, we developed a problem-solving system of drug information, named "MacDrug", using HyperTalk on Macintosh personal computers. This system consists of major four functions ; organizing various kinds of drug information, converting data sets from other databases, searching and extracting required information under any condition, and analyzing patient compatibility with drugs. All of these functions worked efficiently with the test data, and were shown to be useful in utilizing as much as possible the drug information. MacDrug can be localized in the public domain since the HyperCard program is bundled in every Macintosh computer with free of charge. Thus, we believe that MacDrug can help clinical pharmacists manage the advanced and complex drug information in an efficient manner.

著者

山下 佳子 小滝 一 山田 安彦 中村 幸一 澤田 康文 伊賀 立二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.184-190, 1993-06-20 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

18

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Drug informations on a suitable insertion duration of suppositories and on a deal with the problem of the loss from rectal are essential for the proper therapy of patients. In the present study, we collected the data on drug disposition after administration of commercially available suppositories which had systemic pharmacological effects, and then analized pharmacokinetically on the problems of the insertion duration of them and the loss from rectal. The rectal absorption rate and the cumulative absorption ratio of drugs from commercially available suppositories were estimated by the deconvolution analysis. The plasma concentration data after rectal and intravenous administration were obtained in nine kinds of drugs, which were ampicilline, ketoprophene, indomethacine, acetoaminophene, phenobarbital, donperidone, bromazepam, buprenorphine and morphine. It was shown that the completion time of the absorption of drug from the suppositories varied largely from 50 min for ampicilline to 8 hours for donperidone. Comparing the time periods required to reach to 50% in the cumulative absorption ratio in those drugs, the fastest time was found in ampicilline (15 min), and the slowest was in aminophylline (90 min). These findings make it possible to the persue counseling for the patients on the proper insertion duration of each suppositories. The simulation of the time course of blood drug concentration after the loss of suppositories from rectal and the supplement of them was successfully performed, suggesting that the optimal drug concentration could be controled by the rational supplemental dose. In conclusion, the drug information based on the deconvolution analysis can be useful to instruct a rational use of suppositories to the pharmacist and/ or the patients.

著者

斎藤 寛子 中村 爽子 宮堂 寛美 高崎 保郎 仲野 達之助

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.288-292, 1992-06-20

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Symmetrel (Amantadine hydrochloride) has pharmacological actions as both anti-Parkinsonism and antiviral drugs, however, it is used only as an anti-Parkinsonism drug in Japan, In this report, we surveyed the frequency of fever caused by influenza for the patients in hospital from November 1989 to March 1990 and assessed the relationship between the reduction in fever and taking Symmetrel. The fever caused by influenza was significantly reduced by taking Symmetrel. In the period from the end of November 1989 to the end of January 1990, in which the influenza A Hong-Kong was raging throughout Aichi Prefecture, the fever was more significantly reduced by taking Symmetrel than that in total period.

著者

関根 祐子 木津 純子 長瀬 幸恵 荒川 基記 安野 伸浩 遠藤 睦 柳 真志帆 山中 緑 大山 実 荒川 義弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.61-68, 2000 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1

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To determine whether the cotreatment with histamine H1 antagonists (H1) and histamine H2 antagonists (H2) are effective in treating chronic urticaria sufferers whose condition does not improve by H1 antagonist alone, we investigated academic books, papers provided by pharmaceutical companies and the MEDLINE on-line data base. No sufficient information could be found from inquiries of books and company-provided papers. However, from the MEDLINE data base, six papers on clinical trials based on the protocols of randomized controlled on trial were obtained and used as evidence. We also performed a meta-analysis based on the findings of the 6 papers.It is thus considered indispensable for drug information services to find appropriate papers using a data base search and then provide such information to doctors together with a critical appraisal by pharmacists.

著者

前田 頼伸 小西 敏夫 西園寺 真二 船越 幸代 中村 護 仁井 雅子 正木 史子 突合 皐月

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.5, pp.517-524, 1999-10-10

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

11

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To elucidate the current status of the dosage regimen of vancomycin, we reviewed its therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) data obtained from 99 patients undergoing vancomycin treatment at the Chugoku Rousai Hospital. The plasma concentrations of vancomycin at one dosage under 750 mg deviated from its therapeutic ranges (the level at one hour after the end of infusion : 25-40 μg/mL, trough level :≦10μg/mL). Therefore, the dosing interval at a uniform dosage of 1000 mg was calculated from a vancomycin nomogram reported by Moellering et al., and the utility of the dosing interval at the uniform dosage of 1000 mg combined with a creatinine clearance nomogram reported by Nielsen et al. was examined. As a result, the plasma levels of 66 percent of the subjects were controlled within the accepted therapeutic ranges in the early stage. Accordingly, the nomogram of vancomycin prepared as an indication in the early stage in our hospital was thus concluded to be clinically acceptable.

著者

保坂 恵玲 高柳 理早 鈴木 あやな 折井 孝男 清野 敏一 清水 秀行 山村 喜一 中村 幸一 小滝 一 澤田 康文 伊賀 立二

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.4, pp.342-347, 1997-08-10

被引用文献数

8

---

We conducted a survey to evaluate a system adopted by the Pharmacy Department of Tokyo University Hospital to address the problem of drug compliance under this system, patients are provided with a "Drug History Handbook", or drug notebook. This survey attempted to determine the extent to which a "Drug History Handbook" helped patients understand the drug they were taking, and the extent to which it was utilized during visits to other institutions. Based on the results of the survey we evaluated the efficacy of "Drug History Handbook" as a means to enable patients themselves to perform comprehensive drug information management. Out of 288 patients respondmg to the survey 149 (52%) had a "Drug History Hand-book"149out of 286 respondents or 40% had been diagnosed at other institutions. The respondents who said they had shown their "Drug History Handbook" to phamacists or physicians at other pharmacies, hospitals, or medical institutions were numbered 7 1 out of 149 (48%), including duplicate responses. At community pharmacies conducted at the same time, responses were obtained from 48 pharmacies. Of the 48 responding pharmacies, 21 (44%) said that patients had presented either "Drug History Handbook"or "prescription cards" From these results, it is clear that the patients thus realized the importance of keeping a complete record of the drugs they had taken, and that presenting information about drug history can be a very valuable aid in both prescribing and preparing appropriate medications. From thus survey, it was found that the use of a "Drug History Handbook" can help prevent the dispersal of information about purchase of over the counter drugs as well as prescription drugs. As a means of patient education, it can also be extremely effective for avoiding the duplicated administration of medications and drug-drug interactions.

著者

谷名 寧子 室井 政子 丁 元鎮 大谷 トミ子 吉上 裕子 中村 順 真崎 規江 坂上 吉一

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.5, pp.510-515, 1992-10-20

被引用文献数

6 1

---

The chemical stability and the microbial numbers of non-sterilized and sterilized 0.1% allopurinol gargle (allopurinol gargle) were studied. Furthermore, studied the efficacy for some patients who were afflicted with oral mucositis. Allopurinol gargle (0.1%) was chemically stable under the storage in the room temperature or in the refrigerator at least for 15 days. Bacterial numbers in the non-sterilized samples increased at regular interval, while the sterilized sample wasn't detected the bacterial colonies for 15 days. On the therapeutical efficacy of allopurinol gargle for 8 patients, all 8 cases were judged effective. However, we think that more modification to the allopurinol gargle preparation and more clinical data would be needed.

著者

浅原 慶一 合田 泰志 下村 友紀 藤原 康浩 瀬川 和子 雀部 貴美代 山本 英二 塚口 裕子

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.15-21, 1995-02-10

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

4

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As intravenous hyperalimentation (IVH) prepared from IVH basic solution and amino acid solution has become popular, lactic acidosis is receiving attention as a serious adverse reaction. Therefore, thiamine is added to IVH in order to prevent this adverse reaction. However, sodium sulfite (SS), added as a stabilizer to many IVH basic solutions and most amino acid solutions, degrades thiamine. Recently, since an amino acid solution without SS has been developed, it is now possible to prepare IVH without SS. In this study, we measured the time courses of the residual concentrations of both SS and thiamine in the 12 kinds of IVH containing multivitamin and investigated the relationship between the SS concentration and the stability of thiamine from the viewpoint of degradation kinetics. From the kinetic analysis results, the degradation rate of SS in the IVH stored in a bag was faster than that stored in a glass bottle. The degradation rate of SS in the IVH was very fast when SS is not included in the IVH basic solution. The degradation of thiamine in IVH was regarded as the apparent first-order degradation process and the degradation rate as being proportional to the SS concentration. The second-order degradation rate constant of thiamine by SS was not affected by the pH of IVH. Stabilization of thiamine by glucose was inferred by comparing the degradation rate of thiamine caused by SS in IVH and that in buffered solution without glucose.

著者

倉本 加代 青山 隆夫 中島 克佳 中村 幸一 小滝 一 伊賀 立二

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.6, pp.491-496, 1997-12-10

被引用文献数

2

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We studied the effects of various infusion containers materials on the fluid volumes, different infusion fluids and fluid concentrations of nartograstim (NT), a recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor, on the adsorption of NT to containers, after adding NT preparations (Neu-up^&ltss;[O!R}> for injection 100) into infusion fluids. The NT concentrations in the infusion fluids after adding NT to containers were determined by a high-performance liquid chromatographic method or bioassay. When 1000 ng of NT was added to 500 ml physiological saline in glass containers (final concentration : 200 ng/ml), the residual rates in the fluids was to 89.5% immediately after addition, and thereafter decreased 73.3% at 6 hr and 59.1% at 24 hr. Similarly, when NT was added to the same solution in polypropylene containers, the residual rates was 74.2% immediately after adding, and 37.5% at 6 hr, and 27.8% at 24 hr. The results in the ethylenvinyl acetate and polyethylene containers were also similar to those in the polypropylene containers. No influence of the volumes (100 and 250 ml) or the kinds of fluids (physiological saline, 5% glucose solution and ringer lactate solution) on the residual rates of NT in fluids was observed. As the fluid concentrations of NT were higher, the residual rates were found to be larger within the range of 100- 1200 ng/ml. These decreases in the NT concentrations in the infusion fluids could be prevented almost completely by adding commercially available total-vitamin injections containing polysorbate surfactants.

著者

福澤 美佐 嘉村 基樹 国貞 和恵 萩原 淳 本田 久美代 持永 早希子 矢富 義信 原 周司 小野 信文 黒田 健

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.5, pp.499-507, 1998-10-10

被引用文献数

2

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A questionnaire survey the patient's views regarding drug information was carried on 941 outpatients from April 24 to May 10, 1997 at Fukuoka University Hospital. As a resutlt that drug information and compliance counseling was found to have been given by physicians (73%). Pharmacists (9%), both(7%) and nurses (3%). Thirty-two% of the patients showed a good understanding of the counseling and could correctly identify their medicines. Most patiens who did not understand their medications very well wanted written information about the effects, side effects and drug interactions of the prescribed medicines. These patients requested physicians (75%), Pharmacists ( 13%) and both (9%) to give the drug information. These results indicate that the present drug counseling to the outpatients is not sufficient. Increasted efforts by pharmacists are therefore still needed to enable patients to obtain appropriate information and thereby improve the overall effectiveness of drug therapy.

著者

朝倉 俊治 釘宮 隆 上原 今朝生 川辺 小百合 緒方 敏隆 武山 正治

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.5, pp.314-324, 1990-10-20

著者

喜屋 武典 大城 進 亀谷 浩昌 藤本 勝喜 赤崎 満 古謝 景春

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.18-23, 1993-02-20

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The use of a reagent for digoxin assay of fluorescence polarization immunoassay with TDX analyzer in the determination of serum deslanoside concentration was studied. Deslanoside calibrators with the concentration of 0.0-6.0ng/ml were prepared. The assay item for digitoxin was used for deslanoside after modification of the parameters. The coefficients of variation of within-run assay and between-run assay in this method were less than 9% at various concentrations tested. By use of a ultrafiltration method, the protein binding percent of deslanoside was determined to be zero or very small. In a patient with renal and hepatic failures, the half life (t1/2) and the apparent volume of distribution (Vd) were calculated to be 131 hours and 4.1l/kg after intravenous administration of deslanoside, respectively. On the other hand, an equation of Y=1.25X+0.08 was obtained from a correlation between digoxin concentration (X) given by normal digoxin assay and concentration of deslanoside (Y). Therefore, with a simple method, one can calculate the deslanoside concentrations.

著者

太田 伸 長井 克浩 全田 浩 牧野 公博

出版者

日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.196-203, 1992-06-20

被引用文献数

1

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The present study was performed to estimate the efficacy of antirust and disinfection of new compounds (P1-E, P2-E, P3-E, P4-E, P2-PG1, P3-PG1, P4-PG1) as shown in Table 1 in comparison with commercial disinfectants [chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX), benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and alkyldiaminoethylglycine hydrochloride (ADE)]. Antirusting effects of new compounds were evaluated by counting the numbers of rusts on the ten pins. The antirusting effects of new compounds were higher than those of CHX, BAC and ADE. Rusts were produced after 6hr in the case of BAC. Effects of new compounds and disinfectants against clinical isolated pathogenic microorganisms were determined by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). Antimicrobial activities of P1-E, P2-E, P3-E and P4-E were equivalent to that of BAC or ADE, while effects of disinfection of P2-PG1, P3-PG1 and P4-PG1 were higher than that of BAC or ADE. Compatibilities of new compounds with various disinfectants or sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) were tested in each combination, P1-E, P2-E, P3-E, P4-E and P4-PG1 had good compatibilities to the various disinfectants and the SLS in the case of each combination. These results indicated that the new compounds were very useful as antirusty disinfectants.