著者

佐藤 健二 伊藤 宣夫 岡 充

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

衛生化学 (ISSN:0013273X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.5, pp.281-284, 1967

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Braid silk sutures (size, 2-0) pretreated or non-pretreated with silicone (Toshiba Co., TSF 484) were subjected to gamma radiation and effects of irradiation on the tensile strength and the solubility of the sutures were investigated. On the other hand, grafting and water repellent degree of the sutures grafted by silicone with gamma irradiation, were compared with those of the siliconized sutures by heating. The tensile strength of the sutures were decreased with increasing radiation dose, but no difference was observed between the decreasing degree of the strength of the sutures irradiated at sterilization dose (2.5 Mrad) and that of the sutures autocraved. No significant decrease was observed in the water repellent of the grafted sutures for long boiling and for immersion in storage solution (ethanol or carbolic acid). It seems to be promissing to produce silicone grafted sutures sterilized by irradiation.

著者

梅澤 勲 野澤 雅子 南雲 紳史 秋田 弘幸

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.7, pp.1111-1118, 1995-07-15

被引用文献数

1

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Three kinds of oudemansin X, (-)-1,(+)-1 and (±)-1,were totally synthesized. The key point in the present chiral synthesis was the enantioselective acetylation of the racemic alcohols, (±)-5 and (±)-8,using lipase in an organic solvent. The synthetic (-)-1 was found to exhibit strong antifungal activity against several molds and yeasts.

著者

Naho Maruyama Shigeru Tansho-Nagakawa Chizuru Miyazaki Kazuyuki Shimomura Yasuo Ono Shigeru Abe

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.161-168, 2017-02-01 (Released:2017-02-01)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

14

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Hydrosol prepared from the flowers of Rosa damascena (rose water) has been traditionally used for various health-related issues, including skin troubles such as erythema, itchiness, swelling. For the care of these skin troubles caused by microbial infection, both antimicrobial and antiinflammatory effects are required. Here, we investigated the effects of rose water on the growth of Candida albicans and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which cause skin infections, and on the function of neutrophils, which play a major role in the regulation of inflammatory reactions. To assess its modulatory effects on neutrophils, the effects of rose water against neutrophil adhesion response were evaluated. Rose water inhibited mycelial growth of C. albicans at a concentration of ca. 2.2%, and reduced viability of MRSA within 1 h. Rose water suppressed neutrophil activation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP) at 5–15%. It also reduced the LPS- and TNF-α-induced cell surface expression of the adhesion-related molecule, cluster of differentiation (CD) 11b, but did not affect the migratory capacity of neutrophils with or without chemoattractant. These results suggest that rose water may reduce the pathogenicity of microbes, and attenuate neutrophil stimulation, which is involved in inflammatory responses. These findings suggest that rose water has a potential effect to inhibit skin inflammation caused by microbes.

著者

武田 敬

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 = Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.117, no.6, pp.368-377, 1997-06-25

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

2

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This review describes a highly efficient [3+2] annulation based on the Brook rearrangement for functionalized cyclopentenols, which we have recently developed, and its application to the synthesis of natural products.

著者

Ryo Iketani Kazuki Ide Hiroshi Yamada Yohei Kawasaki Naohiko Masaki

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.b16-00989, (Released:2017-02-09)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

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This study was designed to evaluate the safety profile of adding telaprevir to therapy using pegylated interferon-alfa-2b and ribavirin (PR) using real world patient data obtained from a nationwide Japanese interferon database. This retrospective cohort study compared telaprevir-based triple therapy (T/PR) with PR therapy. The study population comprised patients with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C represented in the database between December 2009 and August 2015. The primary endpoint was dropout from treatment due to adverse events during the relevant standard treatment duration based on guidelines from the Japan Society of Hepatology. The dropout odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated using univariate logistic regression analysis. Covariates were detected using a stepwise logistic regression analysis, and the adjusted OR and 95% CI were calculated. A total of 25,989 patients were registered, and 4,619 patients (T/PR: 1,334, PR: 3,285) were appropriate for primary endpoint analysis. The dropout rate due to adverse events was lower in the T/PR group (13.4%) than in the PR group (22.6%) (OR: 0.530; 95% CI, 0.444-0.633). After adjustment for the covariates detected by stepwise selection, the OR was 0.529 (95% CI, 0.441-0.634). Our study showed that there was a difference in dropout rate between real world T/PR and PR therapy in Japan. Although the addition of telaprevir to PR therapy may improve treatment continuity under the care of hepatologists, this study could not fully determine which therapy was safer or the factors influencing this result. Therefore, additional research will be required to confirm this.

著者

Shinji Okayasu Kiyoyuki Kitaichi Akina Hori Tetsuya Suwa Yukio Horikawa Mayumi Yamamoto Jun Takeda Yoshinori Itoh

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.6, pp.933-937, 2012-06-01 (Released:2012-06-01)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

6 33

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Metformin is a drug to improve glycemic control by reducing insulin resistance and is currently considered to be one of the first-choice drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, during metformin use, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) including gastrointestinal adverse events were frequently observed. Thus, in the present study, we investigated the incidence of ADRs induced by metformin and further analyzed risk factors for ADRs in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who initially administered metformin (500–750 mg). One hundred and one hospitalized patients receiving metformin during September 1, 2009 and August 31, 2010 were studied. The incidence of ADRs and changes in laboratory data including hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were monitored retrospectively. The anti-glycemic effect of metformin was successfully observed as indicated by decreased HbA1c. Among ADRs, diarrhea was most frequently occurred during metformin use (26.7% of patients) although the symptom of diarrhea was mild in most cases and disappeared within 3 d after the initial use. A logistic regression analysis showed the existence of six risk factors, including initial dose (750 mg), female, age (≦65), body mass index (≧25), aspartate aminotransferase (≧30 IU/L) and alkaline phosphatase (≧270 IU/L). The incidence of diarrhea increased linearly as the number of risk factors increased. In conclusion, in order to avoid ADRs, especially diarrhea, subsequently improving the quality of life during metformin use, the optimization of the dose of metformin by considering risk factors would be beneficial for patients with T2DM.

著者

Shinya Yoshida Yasuko Obata Yoshinori Onuki Shunichi Utsumi Noboru Ohta Hiroshi Takahashi Kozo Takayama

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.2, pp.134-142, 2017-02-01 (Released:2017-02-01)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

4

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l-Menthol increases drug partitioning on the surface of skin, diffusion of drugs in the skin, and lipid fluidity in the stratum corneum and alters the rigidly arranged lipid structure of intercellular lipids. However, l-menthol is a solid at room temperature, and it is difficult to determine the effects of l-menthol alone. In this study, we vaporized l-menthol in order to avoid the effects of solvents. The vaporized l-menthol was applied to the stratum corneum or lipid models comprising composed of ceramides (CER) [EOS], the longest lipid acyl chain of the ceramides in the stratum corneum lipids that is associated with the barrier function of the skin; CER [NS], the shorter lipid acyl chain of the ceramides, and the most components in the stratum corneum of the intercellular lipids that is associated with water retention in the intercellular lipid structure of the stratum corneum; cholesterol; and palmitic acid. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses revealed that the lipid models were composed of hexagonal packing and orthorhombic packing structures of different lamellar periods. Taken together, our results revealed that l-menthol strongly affected the lipid model composed of CER [EOS]. Therefore, l-menthol facilitated the permeation of drugs through the skin by liquid crystallization of the longer lamellar structure. Importantly, these simple lipid models are useful for investigating microstructure of the intercellular lipids in the stratum corneum.

著者

Sayuko Shiraishi Tamami Haraguchi Saki Nakamura Honami Kojima Ikuo Kawasaki Miyako Yoshida Takahiro Uchida

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.2, pp.151-156, 2017-02-01 (Released:2017-02-01)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

9

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The purpose of the study was to evaluate suppression of the bitterness intensity of bitter basic drugs by chlorogenic acid (CGA) using the artificial taste sensor and human gustatory sensation testing and to investigate the mechanism underlying bitterness suppression using 1H-NMR. Diphenhydramine hydrocholoride (DPH) was the bitter basic drug used in the study. Quinic acid (QNA) and caffeic acid (CFA) together form CGA. Although all three acids suppressed the bitterness intensity of DPH in a dose-dependent manner as determined by the taste sensor and in gustatory sensation tests, CFA was less effective than either CGA or QNA. Data from 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis of mixtures of the three acids with DPH suggest that the carboxyl group, which is present in both QNA and CGA but not CFA, interact with the amine group of DPH. This study showed that the bitterness intensity of DPH was suppressed by QNA and CGA through a direct electrostatic interaction with DPH as confirmed in 1H-NMR spectroscopic analysis. CGA and QNA may therefore be useful bitterness-masking agents for the basic drug DPH.

著者

鴻海 俊太郎 末丸 克矢 川崎 博己 町支 臣成 日比野 俐 荒木 博陽

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.2, pp.197-201, 2009-02-01

被引用文献数

2

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The rate of smoking in patients with schizophrenia is higher than that in the general population. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) are involved in the sensorimotor gating deficits in schizophrenia. We have revealed that nicotine ameliorates the disruption of the PPI, a model of sensorimotor gating, which is induced by apomorphine, a dopamine receptor agonist, but is not effective for the disruption of the PPI induced by phencyclidine, a glutamine NMDA receptor antagonist, in rats. Furthermore, the ameliorating effect of nicotine is antagonized by methyllycaconitine, a selective α_7 nAChR antagonist. The effect of nocitine was also investigated in the stereotyped behavior induced by apomorphine, however, nicotine was found to have no significant effect. Considering these results, the ameliorating effect of the disruption of the PPI via α_7 nAChR is therefore thought to be involved in dopaminergic systems. The dopaminergic systems involved in α_7 nAChR may be different from the systems involved in stereotypy. In addition, this review describes the effects of the α_7 nicotinic receptor agonists.

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.6, pp.1080-1080, 2014-06-01 (Released:2014-06-01)

著者

田原 良純

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.328, pp.587-625, 1909-06-26

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著者ハ著者カ嘗テ河豚ノ卵中ニ發見シタル毒素即チ河豚酸摘出ノ方法ニ就キ之レニ改良ヲ加へ以テ從前ヨリハ多量且正確ニ毒素ヲ得ルニ至ラシメタリ、特ニ改良ノ要點ハ河豚卵ノ水侵液ヨリ蛋白質、燐酸等ヲ除去シタル後毒素ヲ鉛化合物トシテ完全ニ沈降セシムルニアリ、毒素ハ白色無晶形引濕性ノ物質ニシテ家兎ニ對スル致死量ハ體量一キログラム」ニ付キ四ミリグラム」以下ナリ元素分析ヲ行ヒシニ所含ノ元素相互間ノ比例ハ略々C_<13>H_<27>NO_<12>ナル式ニ一致セリ、著者ハ尚氷醋酸ニ由リ起ル毒素ノ變化竝ニ稀鹽酸ノ作用ニ由リ生シタル分解成績物ニ就キ説述シタリ

著者

田原 良純

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

no.356, 1911-10-26

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著者ハ藥學雜誌第三百二十八號ニ於テ發表シタル河豚毒素研究報告中ノ無窒素性結晶物質ニ假リニ「テトロドペントーゼ」ナル名稱ヲ附シタリシガ更ニ試驗ノ結果「シエレル及ガロア氏ノ「イノシット反應ヲ呈スルヲ認メ熔融點ノ相違セルニ拘ラズソノ「イノシット」ナルコトヲ决定セリ

著者

金指 秀一

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, 2009-01-01

著者

伊勢 雄也 萩原 研 齋藤 節生 本城 和義 宋 静香 加藤 あゆみ 片山 志郎 西澤 健司 平野 公晟 吉行 俊郎 木山 輝郎 三橋 恭子 亀井 美和子 白神 誠

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.124, no.11, pp.815-824, 2004-11-01

被引用文献数

1 1

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米国では1983年よりMedicareの入院医療費の支払い方法として,医療費の診断群別定額支払い制度(Diagnosis Related Group/Prospective Payment System;DRG/PPS)が導入されているが,わが国でも平成15年4月より診断群分類(Diagnosis Procedure Combination;DPC)に基づく包括支払い制度が大学病院,国立がんセンター,国立循環器病センターなどの特定機能病院計82施設での入院医療において開始された.その結果,入院患者の在院期間の短縮と入院費用の削減並びに患者満足度の向上などを目的として,クリニカルパス(Clinical Pathway;CP)が日本の医療においてさらに注目されるようになった.日本医科大学付属病院(以下「当院」という)では1998年に「CP研究会」が設立され,患者ケアを医療スタッフがチームとなって行うシステムの構築を検討してきた.1)薬剤部では,その中でも胃癌の切除術患者CPに積極的に携わり,同CPに薬剤管理指導業務を導入することによる有用性並びにその費用対効果についての検討を行い,数多くの知見を得ている.

著者

植木 昭和 藤原 道弘

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.1, pp.54-57, 1977-01-01

著者

Ryota Tanaka Yosuke Suzuki Yukie Takumi Motoshi Iwao Yuhki Sato Kazuhiko Hashinaga Kazufumi Hiramatsu Jun-ichi Kadota Hiroki Itoh

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.12, pp.1968-1973, 2016-12-01 (Released:2016-12-01)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

12

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Linezolid is an oxazolidinone antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria. Although thrombocytopenia is a major adverse effect of linezolid, hyponatremia also often develops after linezolid administration. This study examined the frequency of hyponatremia that developed during linezolid treatment and identified its risk factors. In this retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study, 61 hospitalized patients treated with linezolid between January 2013 and January 2015 were analyzed. Hyponatremia was defined as a sodium level of ≤134 mEq/L for the duration of linezolid treatment. Its risk factors were identified via a logistic regression analysis. Hyponatremia occurred in 11 (18.0%) patients, and it was severe in a case (a sodium level of ≤128 mEq/L). Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses identified the plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) level before the initial administration of linezolid and the concomitant use of a potassium-sparing diuretic as the independent variables associated with the development of hyponatremia. The odds ratios were 1.081 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.008–1.158) (p=0.028) and 11.017 (95% CI; 1.869–64.939) (p=0.008), respectively. Before linezolid treatment, the CRP levels of the hyponatremia group were significantly higher than those of the no-hyponatremia group (p<0.001). The frequency of hyponatremia development was significantly higher in the patients who received both the potassium-sparing diuretic and linezolid (p=0.016). These results suggest that the plasma sodium levels of patients with severe inflammation who are treated with linezolid and those of linezolid-treated patients co-administered a potassium-sparing diuretic should be continuously monitored.

著者

Keita Shibata Arisa Matsumoto Ayumi Nakagawa Keiko Akagawa Akihiro Nakamura Toshinori Yamamoto Naomi Kurata

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.11, pp.1767-1773, 2016-11-01 (Released:2016-11-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

7

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Community pharmacies in Japan have long been advocated as effective sources of nonprescription medicines and health-related advice. Consumers sometimes self-treat symptoms of minor illnesses without consulting a pharmacist because the benefits of such consultations are not adequately recognized. The aim of this study was to investigate the use and impact of pharmacist consultations before purchase of nonprescription laxatives. An online survey was conducted July 14–22, 2012 with 500 respondents (250 men, 250 women), ranging 20–60 years old. All participants had purchased nonprescription laxatives for constipation within the past year. Stratified analysis was used to compare responses in groups that had and had not consulted a pharmacist before purchase. Consulting a pharmacist appears to improve consumers’ awareness and makes them more likely to use appropriate medication. Those who consulted a pharmacist were better able to identify side effects and take appropriate action than the group that did not consult the pharmacist. Those who consulted a pharmacist were also significantly more likely to say that they would consult a pharmacist in the future. These results indicate that it is important for consumers to be able to consult with pharmacists, to improve consumers’ awareness of side effects and to self-medicate appropriately, and hence improve their quality of life. Pharmacists in community pharmacy could be more active in health promotion campaigns, such as drug safety, campaigns, to raise their public profile. Increased public awareness of what pharmacists in community pharmacy do will make it easier for patients to consult with them.

著者

Yuko Ogawa Masafumi Tsujimoto Ryohei Yanoshita

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.9, pp.1496-1507, 2016-09-01 (Released:2016-09-01)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

21

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Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles containing microRNAs and mRNAs that are produced by various types of cells. We previously used ultrafiltration and size-exclusion chromatography to isolate two types of human salivary exosomes (exosomes I, II) that are different in size and proteomes. We showed that salivary exosomes contain large repertoires of small RNAs. However, precise information regarding long RNAs in salivary exosomes has not been fully determined. In this study, we investigated the compositions of protein-coding RNAs (pcRNAs) and long non-protein-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) of exosome I, exosome II and whole saliva (WS) by next-generation sequencing technology. Although 11% of all RNAs were commonly detected among the three samples, the compositions of reads mapping to known RNAs were similar. The most abundant pcRNA is ribosomal RNA protein, and pcRNAs of some salivary proteins such as S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (protein S100-A8) were present in salivary exosomes. Interestingly, lncRNAs of pseudogenes (presumably, processed pseudogenes) were abundant in exosome I, exosome II and WS. Translationally controlled tumor protein gene, which plays an important role in cell proliferation, cell death and immune responses, was highly expressed as pcRNA and pseudogenes in salivary exosomes. Our results show that salivary exosomes contain various types of RNAs such as pseudogenes and small RNAs, and may mediate intercellular communication by transferring these RNAs to target cells as gene expression regulators.

著者

Zhigang Yang Ryo Nakabayashi Tetsuya Mori Satoshi Takamatsu Susumu Kitanaka Kazuki Saito

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.7, pp.952-956, 2016-07-01 (Released:2016-07-01)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

17

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Oryza sativa L. (rice) is an important staple crop across the world. In the previous study, we identified 36 specialized (secondary) metabolites including 28 flavonoids. In the present study, a metabolome analysis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was conducted on the leaf, bran, and brown and polished rice grains to better understand the distribution of these metabolites. Principal component analysis using the metabolome data clearly characterized the accumulation patterns of the metabolites. Flavonoids, e.g., tricin, tricin 7-O-rutinoside, and tricin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, were mainly present in the leaf and bran but not in the polished grain. In addition, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activity of the metabolites were assayed in vitro. Tricin 4′-O-(erythro-β-guaiacylglyceryl)ether and isoscoparin 2″-O-(6‴-(E)-feruloyl)-glucopyranoside showed the strongest activity for inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging, respectively.

著者

Ji Hyun Kim Hyo-Cheol Ha Min-Sook Lee Jung-Il Kang Hyun-Su Kim Sang-Yun Lee Kwang-Ho Pyun Insop Shim

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.708-714, 2007 (Released:2007-04-01)

参考文献数

62

被引用文献数

18 31

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We investigated the neuritogenic effects of Tremella fuciformis (TF), which has been valued in traditional Chinese medicine as a remedy with nutritive and tonic actions, on PC12h cells. The cognitive improving effects of TF on scopolamine-induced (2 mg/kg, s.c.) amnesia in rats were also evaluated with using the Morris water maze task and by performing choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunohistochemistry. The water extract of TF (0.01—1 μg/ml) promoted neurite outgrowth of the PC12h cells in a dose dependent manner. TF was highly efficient at the concentration range of 0.1—1 μg/ml. Oral daily treatment with TF (100 or 400 mg/kg) for 14 consecutive days significantly reversed the scopolamine-induced deficit in learning and memory, and it alleviated decrease in cholinergic immunoreactivity induced by scopolamine in the medial septum and hippocampus. The results demonstrate that the promotion of neuritogenesis in neuronal culture cells by TF water extract is related with its activity for improving the performance of rats on a spatial learning and memory task. Moreover, the impairments of spatial learning and memory may be attributable to the decrease in activation of the septohippocampal cholinergic system and that TF ameliorated learning and memory deficits partly through its increasing the central cholinergic activity. Therefore, TF could represent a potentially useful agent that is able to improve the function of impaired cognitive processes.