著者
LYONS K.
雑誌
Proc. ACM Symp. SIGCHI, 2004
巻号頁・発行日
pp.671-678, 2004
被引用文献数
1
著者
三枝 英人 小野 卓哉 林 明聡 豊田 雅基 新美 成二 八木 聰明
出版者
The Japan Broncho-esophagological Society
雑誌
日本気管食道科学会会報 (ISSN:00290645)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.48, no.4, pp.297-302, 1997-08-10 (Released:2010-02-22)
参考文献数
14

The treatments for patients with severe dysphagia and misdeglutition are very difficult. Some cases must have total laryngectomy or tracheo-esophageal separation to control their severe misdeglutition and prevent serious respiratory distress. However, in such cases, the phonatory function has to be sacrificed, resulting in a poor quality of life.In order to overcome this conflict between deglutition and phonation, we have developed an “artificial pharynx.” The artificial pharynx consists of a soft balloon and a plastic tube. The soft balloon is attached to a tube with an inlet hole. The whole assembly can be inserted through the patient's nose. The tip of the tube remains in the stomach and the balloon is inflated at the level of the pharynx to seal the airway. Our patient could breathe through a tracheal stoma which was created prior to using the artificial pharynx. The bolus was introduced through the inlet hole into the tube and moved down to the stomach by gravity. When the balloon was deflated, the patient could breathe and phonate with a speech valve of the cannula.We treated a patient using an artificial pharynx. He was a 62 years old male diagnosed as having terminal myotonic dystrophy and suffering from severe dysphagia. Because of his poor general condition, any surgical intervention for dysphagia and misdeglutition could not be performed without a tracheotomy. But, since he yearned to take some drinks and to preserve his phonatory function, the artificial pharynx was utilized with some success.
著者
森田 慎一郎
出版者
産業・組織心理学会
雑誌
産業・組織心理学研究 (ISSN:09170391)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.2, pp.155-166, 2018

This study compares regular and involuntary non-regular workers who hold white-collar jobsregarding the relation between their job satisfaction and mental health. In determining job satisfaction,particular attention was given to the support provided by supervisors and co-workers. Data werecollected from 441 regular workers and 311 involuntary non-regular workers using a web-basedquestionnaire survey and then analyzed.First, five subscales regarding job satisfaction were created using factor analysis: specifically, theindividual contributions and activities, supervisors' active listening attitude, amount of discretionallowed in their jobs, evaluation by others and treatment, and supervisors' capabilities and ability tomanage. In addition, a scale for the number of supportive coworkers and an index for determining mentalhealth conditions were created.A t-test showed that compared to involuntary non-regular workers, regular workers had highersatisfaction regarding individual contributions and activities, the amount of discretion allowed in theirjobs, and evaluation by others and treatment. However, they had lower satisfaction regarding thesupervisors' active listening attitude. Following this, using running multiple regression analysis, it wasfound that the mental health condition of regular workers was impacted by age and the extent to whichthey were satisfied with their supervisors' active listening attitude. For the involuntary non-regularworkers, this impact came from the amount of satisfaction associated with individual contributions andactivities, the supervisors' active listening attitude, as well as the number of supportive co-workers andage. Thus, these findings indicate that the supervisors' positive and active listening attitude towards theirsubordinates who approach them for consultation is an ideal way to counter negative mental healthconditions for both regular and involuntary non-regular workers.
著者
三木 さやこ
出版者
社会経済史学会
雑誌
社会経済史学 (ISSN:00380113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.1, pp.67-84,123, 2000-05-25 (Released:2017-08-22)

This article will explore the dynamism of indigenous trading systems in Bengal under colonial control through a case study of the grain trade. In 1794 the government attempted to stabilize prices and to prevent famines by establishing state-run grain storehouses, but these policies were unsuccessful. Two major factors contributed to this failure. First, the government had not fully understood the spatial geography of the Bengal grain trade ; second, there was strong resistance to market intervention from native traders. To understand the background factors that led to this failure, we need to examine the operation of the indigenous trading system which was centered on wholesale grain markets, known as ganjs. The ganjs played an important role in linking producing areas and town markets. The traders in ganjs held stores of grain in their granaries, and by using their knowledge, trade experience, information and trading networks, they controlled both prices, and supply and demand. In other words, although the expansion of Company rule brought major changes to the overall economy, indigenous trading systems adapted to the new situation and continued to play a significant economic role.