著者
丸山 高弘
出版者
国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構
雑誌
情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, no.10, pp.554-563, 2011 (Released:2011-01-01)
参考文献数
3

「図書館はICTに疎い」と言われたことをバネとし,ICTに明るく強いライブラリアンを全国の図書館に広げたい。閉塞感の中にある日本の図書館をヤバくする集団として未来に向けて打ち上げられた団体Code4Lib JAPANの設立コンセプト,ビジョン,ミッションそしてアクションを述べるとともに,これからの図書館員に求められるICT素養について言及した。

6 0 0 0 OA 官報

著者
大蔵省印刷局 [編]
出版者
日本マイクロ写真
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1929年07月05日, 1929-07-05
著者
岸田 治 西村 欣也
出版者
一般社団法人 日本生態学会
雑誌
日本生態学会誌 (ISSN:00215007)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.1, pp.40-47, 2007
参考文献数
45
被引用文献数
1

多くの動物は、捕食者に出会うと逃げたり隠れたりするが、形さえも変化させ捕食を回避しようとするものもいる。形態の変化による防御戦略は誘導防御形態戦略とよばれ、多様な生物分類群でみられる表現型可塑性として知られる。最近の研究では、捕食者動物は、ただ捕食されにくい形に変わるだけでなく、その変化が柔軟であり、捕食者環境の時間的・空間的な変異によく対応していることが知られている。本稿では、エゾアカガエルのオタマジャクシの捕食者誘導形態の防御機能と、柔軟な形態変化能について紹介する。エゾアカガエルのオタマジャクシは、捕食者のエゾサンショウウオの幼生とオオルリボシヤンマのヤゴに対して、それぞれに特異的な形態を発現する。サンショウウオ幼生によって誘導された膨満型の形態はサンショウウオ幼生による丸のみを妨げ、ヤゴによって誘導された高尾型の形態はヤゴによる捕食を回避するために有効である。これらの形態変化は柔軟性に富んでおり、一度、どちらかの捕食者に対して特異的な防御形態を発現した後でも、捕食者が交替したときには、新たな捕食者に特異的な防御形態へ変化できる。また、捕食の危険が取り除かれたときは元の形態へと戻る。捕食者特異的な形態の互換性は、捕食者種に特異的な防御形態誘導を獲得するうえで重要な役割を果たしたと考えられる。また、形態変化の可逆性は防御にコストがかかることを示唆している。これらの形態変化の時間的な可変性に加えて、オタマジャクシは危険の強度に応じた調整的な防御形態発現を示す。このことはオタマジャクシが捕食強度に応じて費用対効果を最大化するように防御を発現している可能性を示唆している。
著者
田井郁久雄著
出版者
大学教育出版
巻号頁・発行日
2008
著者
白松 賢
出版者
日本教育社会学会
雑誌
教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.74, pp.189-207, 2004-05-20

Recently, many people have come to categorize "drugs" as deviance or a social problem. "Drugs" have been categorized in the public "drug" discourse by the rhetoric of endangerment, unreason, and with "atrocity tales." On the other hand, how is the "drug" discourse concerned with the interpretive activities of drug users, which are carried out locally? This paper discusses the relationship between the public "drug" discourse and the interpretive activities carried out in locally-managed interactive practices by the members. Specifically, using category-analyzed ethnography, this paper describes the process through which magic mushrooms have been categorized as a non-"drug" in the members' interactive practice : "what are magic mushrooms?" Therefore this paper argues about the type of interpretive resources that the public discourse has used in the process. The following conclusions are reached : (1) Through the interaction between the people who consider the ingestion of magic mushrooms to be a "criminal act" or "drug" use, and those who dislike the former, users have categorized magic mushrooms as non-"drug" by using categories such as "legal" and "natural." (2) In everyday discourse, by placing more importance on their experiences than on the public discourse, the users use the public discourse and "atrocity tales" as interpretive resources in order to categorize. (3) Although the categories of "natural" versus "chemical" entails the risk of being disproved, this possibility, which might have shaken the beliefs and local knowledge, has been moved aside by resolve and self-preservation work, using explanations such as these were cases when magic mushrooms were used improperly. Finally, the author cites the methodological possibility of category-analyzed ethnography. For example, there is a lengthy discussion of the experiences of a group of magic mushroom users showing how the "drug" discourse combines with members' folklore into "local cultures." Further arguments are needed by conducting various fieldwork focusing on the everyday discourse of users.
著者
平野 亮
出版者
教育史学会
雑誌
日本の教育史学 : 教育史学会紀要 (ISSN:03868982)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, pp.84-96, 2013-10-01

The purpose of this paper is to examine phrenological system of "faculties" and to point out its significance in the history of education. While phrenology was very popular and favored by many educators in the West in 19th century, it tends to have been overlooked in the studies of educational history because it is typical example of pseudo-science. However, as a number of phrenologists affirmed, the department in which Phrenology was destined to produce the happiest results was education. That is because phrenological concept of faculty enabled them to apply the theory to the practice. Needless to say, the concept of faculty, or ability, is a subject of great importance to education. In this paper, phrenology and education are discussed from the perspective of historical formation of the concept of faculty. The theory known as phrenology originated with German physician F. J. Gall (1758-1828). According to the basic tenets of Gall's system of cerebral localization, one could read the intellectual aptitudes and character traits through an examination of the shape of the head. While Gall never approved the term "Phrenology," his system was popularized by J. G. Spurzheim (1776-1832), his former assistant, under the name of phrenology. Phrenology had a profound influence on the development of some of the modern sciences. Spurzheim modified Gall's system tactically and critically. At first he denied Gall's nomenclature and renamed most of the faculties. Secondly, he divided and subdivided the class of mental faculties, according to the common practice of natural history at that time. In addition, Spurzheim stressed the two following points: (1) Every phrenological faculty can be developed through education. (2) No faculty in itself is bad, but can be misused. Indeed, Spurzheim was responsible for the establishment of phrenology as faculty psychology, and his idea of educability led the study of phrenology to focus on education. As he explained, in phrenology, education was faculty-oriented; that is, education entailed working on the mind and body of man to excite, exercise, guide and determine the good uses, and to prevent the abuses of different faculties. By focusing on the phrenological concept of faculty, this paper shows that it created a fundamental model of discourse in modern education.
著者
Jennifer Edmond Natasa Bulatovic Alexander O'Connor
出版者
日本デジタル・ヒューマニティーズ学会
雑誌
Journal of the Japanese Association for Digital Humanities (ISSN:21887276)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.1, pp.107-122, 2015-09-02 (Released:2015-09-02)
参考文献数
17
被引用文献数
2

The Collaborative EuropeaN Digital Archival Research Infrastructure (CENDARI) project has developed a new virtual environment for humanities research, reimagining the analogue landscape of research sources for medieval and modern history and humanities research infrastructure models for the digital age. To achieve this, the project has needed to be sensitive to the ways in which historical research practices in the 21st Century are distinct from those of earlier eras, harnessing the affordances of technology to reveal connections and support or refute hypotheses, enabling transnational approaches, and federating sources beyond the well-known and across the largely national organization paradigms that dominate within traditional knowledge infrastructures (libraries, archives and museums). This paper describes both the user-centered development methodology deployed by the project and the resulting technical architecture adopted to meet these challenging requirements. The resulting system is a robust ‘enquiry environment’ able to integrate a variety of data types and standards with bespoke tools for the curation, annotation, communication and validation of historical insight.
著者
安西 徹雄
出版者
上智大学
雑誌
ソフィア (ISSN:04896432)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.37, no.3, pp.p475-482, 1988

6 0 0 0 OA 柳生旅日記

著者
桃川燕林 講演
出版者
日吉堂
巻号頁・発行日
1894
著者
木下 麗子
出版者
日本ソーシャルワーク学会
雑誌
ソーシャルワーク学会誌 (ISSN:18843654)
巻号頁・発行日
no.28, pp.B1-B15, 2014-12-31

本研究の目的は,日本が初めて経験する在日外国人高齢者である在日コリアン高齢者の福祉アクセシビリティについて,対象者特性による阻害要因,促進要因の分析を行い,その構造と構成要素を明らかにすることである.研究フィールドは在日コリアン高齢者の集い場の夜間中学校である.研究方法は,地域包括支援センターの夜間中学校へのアウトリーチ実践に着目したことから,それぞれの機関の職員へのインタビュー調査とした.分析は,先行研究の福祉アクセシビリティの分析枠組みを基にコーディングを行った.8つのカテゴリー,「キーパーソン」「コミュニティ」「情報ネットワーク」「関係機関との連携」「メンタリティ」「行動力」「識字問題」「行政の役割」を抽出し,阻害要因と促進要因を整理した.結論として,地域包括支援センターの地域を基盤としたソーシャルワークの展開において,地域住民の集い場であるコミュニティとの連携促進の必要性が示唆された.