著者
中丸 禎子
出版者
日本比較文学会
雑誌
比較文学 (ISSN:04408039)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, pp.7-23, 2016-03-31 (Released:2018-10-30)

Many studies of mermaids in literature discuss femininity, otherness, and the impossibility of communication between merfolk and human beings. They operate on the assumption that merfolk are mainly mermaids, although there are examples of mermen in many European legends, European literature, and natural history. In this paper, I discuss the transition of merfolk in natural history. In the ancient times, witnesses' accounts of the males Triton and Nereus were introduced. In the Medieval Bestiary, female Sirens were pagan others who seduced men. During the Renaissance, naturalists depicted merfolk with anatomical descriptions and detailed views based on reports of merfolk “mummies" and “bones" from all over the world. People regarded manatees as merfolk and classified both as fish. Carl von Linné created the concept of Mammalia, reclassified manatees into this new group, and removed Sirens from his Systema Naturae. Naturalists in the 18th century thus denied the existence of merfolk. In The Animal Kingdom, George Cuvier wrote that people mistook manatees for mermaids because they have two breasts and feed their young with their own milk. Behind this idea is the modern view of women and family: breastfeeding is the role of the mother, not a wet nurse. Breastfeeding shows the “ideal" maternal instinct or bestiality in female manatees, mermaids, and women, who have the same upper bodies as mermaids. Through its representation of mermaids, natural history underlined the commonality of manatees as beasts and human females and gave the “scientific" endorsement of mermaids' otherness, inability to communicate verbally, and “femininity."
著者
宇津 徳治
出版者
公益社団法人 日本地震学会
雑誌
地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.3, pp.303-311, 1975-10-10 (Released:2010-03-11)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
4 4

A correlation has been found between intermediate earthquakes in Hida (the region around the city of Takayama) and shallower earthquakes in central Kwanto (the region around the city of Tokyo). Among 61 earthquakes of M≥5.5 in central Kwanto during the 51 years from 1924 through 1974, 37 earthquakes occurred in the one-year periods centered by the times of 16 earthquakes of M≥5.0 in Hida. The probability that 37 or more earthquakes in central Kwanto occur during those periods (total length=14.46 years) is 1.5×10-7, if the Kwanto earthquakes are distributed randomly in time. It seems impossible that the smallness of this probability is wholly attributed to some effects other than the true correlation, such as the selection of data, the clustering of earthquakes, etc. The correlation suggests the mechanical connection between the two seismic regions, which belong to the same segment of the Pacific plate underthrusting at the northeastern Japan arc.
著者
杉本 親要
出版者
THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY
雑誌
動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.2, pp.147-159, 2019 (Released:2019-12-18)
参考文献数
60

Cephalopod have large brain, lens eyes and numerous chromatophore. They accomplish observational learning with this information processing system. In spite of sharing the well-developed system, there are big variations for their cognitive ability among octopus and squid. Solitary and benthic octopus should have good spatial cognition with their long arms. On the other hand, gregarious and nektonic squid should have good communication ability with school members. Although knowledge about inter-individual relationship of squids will help deep understanding of communication, there are few information about schooling behavior of squid despite much accumulation of knowledge about octopus cognitive ability. This article reviews studies for schooling behavior of oval squid, Sepioteuthis lessoniana. Through social network analysis, basic structure of their inter-individual relationship is uncovered. Understanding of communication for squid with the knowledge about schooling behavior will contribute to understand evolution of cephalopod cognitive ability.
著者
保坂 哲朗 栗本 実咲 沼田 真也
出版者
首都大学東京 大学院 都市環境科学研究科 観光科学域
雑誌
観光科学研究 (ISSN:18824498)
巻号頁・発行日
no.10, pp.57-64, 2017-03-15

昆虫は地球上の生物多様性の大部分を占め、生態系のサイクルにおいて重要な役割を担うにも拘らず,世界一般的に認知度や好感度の低い生物である.昆虫に対するネガティブなイメージは欧米社会で特に顕著であり,人々が昆虫の保全に関心を持たない大きな要因となっている。一方で,日本は古くから昆虫に親しむ世界でも稀な文化を持ち,現在も昆虫に関連した多くのツーリズムが存在する「昆虫文化先進国」である.したがって本稿では,日本における昆虫を対象とした鑑賞文化の歴史,現代の昆虫ツーリズムの内容,海外の鑑賞文化との比較によって,日本の昆虫文化の特徴を浮き彫りにする.さらに、日本の昆虫ツーリズムの課題と世界の昆虫保全に向けた可能性について展望する.
著者
古谷野 晃
出版者
一般社団法人 日本オリエント学会
雑誌
オリエント (ISSN:00305219)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.44, no.1, pp.1-24, 2001-09-30 (Released:2010-03-12)
被引用文献数
1

This paper focuses on the concept and purpose of borders or frontiers in ancient Egypt from a geographical view.Egypt is surrounded by desert on both sides of the Nile. The natural environment and isolated geographical location formed a natural barrier from foreign invasions, as well as providing very effective internal communications through the Nile.The borders or frontiers of ancient Egypt were not consistent throughout history. They were not easily distinguishable by the lines of demarcation. Particularly away from the Nile, aecumene regions or ‘empty lands’ were geographically stretched out very wide.The Definition of a border or frontier in ancient Egypt is diverse and sometimes contradictory. Historically they represent delineations of geographical, political, administrative, religious and cosmological order: aspects different from the modern borders or frontiers. Two terms which may be recognized as an expression of the borders and frontiers are in hieroglyphics: t3š expresses the actual geographical borders, and drw expresses the end of the cosmos, and frontiers far beyond the range of t3š.When considering either the borders or frontiers of ancient Egypt from a functional point of view, at least five types can be considered: natural, administrative, political, religious, and ethnic borders or frontiers. Each had its own function and geographical range.Natural borders were very stable geographically and geomorphologically only limited to the Nile Valley down to the First Cataract and the desert margins to the both sides of the Nile in the Delta regions. Administrative borders delineated by the margins of the frontier nomes were almost equal to the natural borders during the Dynastic era. The administrative borders extended much further than the natural borders at the Greco-Roman era by the establishment of new nomes outside of the traditional range of Egypt. Political borders, de facto limits of the state, were rather dynamic in its expansion, according to the foreign affairs. Guarding the borders from the foreign invaders and bedouins was recognized as one of the most important tasks for the pharaohs to undertake as lords of not only Upper and Lower Egypt, but also of foreign lands, beyond the borders of Egypt. Ethnic frontiers were not clearly distinguishable expect through their difference in faith, language and customs.The activities of the agricultural production were not typically in the frontier regions. The temples, military parks, custom posts and fortresses were scattered and placed in strategic points in the frontier zones, near trading centers with the neighboring countries. Their location represented the geographical distance of the frontier as well as their position with respect to their neighbors.

26 0 0 0 OA 日本紳士録

著者
交詢社 編
出版者
交詢社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31版, 1927

26 0 0 0 OA 日本紳士録

著者
交詢社 編
出版者
交詢社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36版, 1932
著者
荒田 仁 髙嶋 博
出版者
一般社団法人 日本内科学会
雑誌
日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.106, no.8, pp.1542-1549, 2017-08-10 (Released:2018-08-10)
参考文献数
9

一部の自己免疫性脳症と精神疾患は臨床徴候が類似することが多く,しばしば誤って診断されている.従来の神経診察法のみで正確に診断することは難しく,脳がびまん性に障害された場合の神経徴候を理解するという視点が必要である.見極めるためには詳細な問診と神経診察が重要であり,SPECT(single photon emission computed tomography),甲状腺自己抗体ならびに抗GluR抗体測定が診断に有用である.
著者
池内 裕美
出版者
一般社団法人 廃棄物資源循環学会
雑誌
廃棄物資源循環学会誌 (ISSN:18835864)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.3, pp.186-193, 2017-05-31 (Released:2019-11-07)
参考文献数
41
被引用文献数
1

「ホーディング」(hoarding) とは,「他の人にとってほとんど価値がないと思われるモノを大量にため込み,処分できない行為」と定義され,1990年頃から臨床心理学や精神医学の領域において,特に強迫性障害 (OCD) の観点から多くの研究がなされている。しかしその一方で,ホーディング自体は誰にでも,すなわち非臨床的な人にもみられる,極めて日常的な行為であるという主張もある。 そこで本論では,より重篤な強迫的ホーディングと非臨床群を対象とした日常的なホーディングの両方に焦点を当て,ホーディングをめぐるさまざまな課題について既存研究を基に概説する。より具体的には,精神疾患や幼少期の家庭環境といったホーディングと関連する諸要因,ため込む人の特性,ため込む理由やその対象,さらにはホーディングのもたらす諸問題等について取りあげる。そして,最後にホーディングに陥らないための予防や対策について考察する。
著者
江口 忠志 竹之内 盛志 樋口 直史 鈴木 智 長岡 可楠子 砂川 恵伸 八重樫 牧人
出版者
一般社団法人 日本内科学会
雑誌
日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.110, no.5, pp.981-988, 2021-05-10 (Released:2022-05-10)
参考文献数
10

62歳,男性.アルコール性肝硬変,門脈血栓症に対してダビガトランを約5年間内服していた.来院2週前より肉眼的血尿,1週前より間欠熱・労作時の息切れが出現し,採血で著明な腎機能障害と胸部CT(computed tomography)でびまん性のすりガラス影を認めた.膠原病・血管炎や感染症と鑑別を要したが,腎生検にて抗凝固薬関連腎症(anticoagulant-related nephropathy:ARN),臨床所見から肺胞出血と診断した.抗凝固薬を内服中の患者の肺腎症候群では,ARN及び肺胞出血を疑う必要がある.