著者
横山 広樹 大岡 龍三 菊本 英紀
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.82, no.738, pp.767-777, 2017 (Released:2017-08-30)
参考文献数
31
被引用文献数
1

Urban environmental issues related to heat and aerial pollutants have become increasingly more serious. Atmospheric properties, such as air temperature, wind velocity, and pollutant concentrations, are typically measured at meteorological observation stations. However, due to the low spatial resolution of the station networks, we cannot observe local issues occurring on the scale of people's daily lives. Thus, mobile measurement is an effective method for addressing the insufficient measurement points in urban areas. However, the extent of Global Positioning System (GPS) measurement errors are unclear and results of mobile measurements are uncertain. Therefore, this paper discusses the applicability of mobile measurements to high-density urban areas. After investigating the range of GPS errors, we consider the following three aspects: (1) spatial distribution of air temperature at a high spatial resolution of 10 m; (2) the range of uncertainties in mobile measurement results; and (3) the impact of spatial resolution (10 m or 100 m) on the measured spatial distribution of air temperature. In this study, we used bicycles as mobile measurement platforms to investigate the spatial distribution of air temperature. Two measurement sites in Tokyo were selected: Shinjuku, a commercial area (August 25th to 28th, 2015) and Shibuya, a residential area (January 20th to 29th and February 16th to 19th, 2016). We equipped bicycles with platinum resistance thermometers (a high responsivity rate of 2.2 s), a data logger, and a GPS logger to measure air temperature and spatial position during the sequential travel of the bicycles. Measurements in Shinjuku were conducted on cloudy days. To ensure that the measurement conditions were consistent, measurements in Shibuya were conducted from 16:00 to 18:00, when solar radiation, and thus its influence, was very low. From the results, we draw the following conclusions. Firstly, GPS data collected in urban areas tend to include positioning errors of 14 m on average due to the reflective properties of building surfaces according to adapting our developing correction method. Secondly, spatial distribution of air temperature variation was almost ±0.65 °C (min to max). Thirdly, the average of uncertainty of air temperature variation was 0.03 °C. It was much smaller than the range of air temperature variation (min to max). Lastly, we can find a similar distribution of air temperature between a mesh size of 10 m and 100 m. However, a spatial resolution of less than 100 m was necessary in order to observe locations where the air temperature is locally higher than near street intersections. However, we have to consider GPS errors are 14 m on average, which is larger than a mesh size of 10 m. From the above, we obtained a characteristic spatial distribution of air temperature by correcting position data. Suppose that we reduce uncertainty to less than 0.1 °C in the case that the max value of standard deviation of air temperature at each cell is 0.4 °C, 16 samples at each cell must be corrected in one hour. Therefore, we found mobile measurement is an effective method for investigating environmental conditions in high-density urban areas for high spatial resolution.
著者
奥田 安弘 佐藤 守男
出版者
北海道大学大学院法学研究科
雑誌
北大法学論集 (ISSN:03855953)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.55, no.1, pp.290-270, 2004-05-06
著者
Ngoc-Ha Thi Tran Taichi Oguchi Etsuko Matsunaga Akiyoshi Kawaoka Kazuo N. Watanabe Akira Kikuchi
出版者
Japanese Society for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology
雑誌
Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.18.0831a, (Released:2018-12-14)
参考文献数
33
被引用文献数
7

Under the Japanese biosafety regulatory framework for transgenic plants, data for assessing a transgenic plant’s impact on biodiversity must be submitted in order to obtain approval for a confined field trial. We recently reported the development of four novel transgenic Eucalyptus camaldulensis clones expressing the bacterial choline oxidase A (codA) gene, i.e., codAH-1, codAH-2, codAN-1, and codAN-2, and evaluated their abiotic tolerance by semiconfined screen house trial cultivation. Here we evaluated the impacts of the transgenic E. camaldulensis clones on productivities of harmful substances from those clones to affect soil microorganisms and/or other plants in the environment. A comparison of the assessment data between the transgenic trees and non-transgenic comparators showed no significant difference in potential impacts on biodiversity. The results contribute to sound-science evidence ensuring substantial equivalence between transgenic and non-transgenic E. camaldulensis.
著者
清張潮輯
出版者
岡田茂兵衞印
巻号頁・発行日
vol.[10], 1823

3 0 0 0 OA 官報

著者
大蔵省印刷局 [編]
出版者
日本マイクロ写真
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1917年08月07日, 1917-08-07
著者
野波 寬 土屋 博樹 桜井 国俊
出版者
The Japanese Group Dynamics Association
雑誌
実験社会心理学研究 (ISSN:03877973)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.1, pp.40-54, 2014
被引用文献数
4

正当性とは,公共政策に対する自他の決定権について,人々が何らかの理由・価値をもとに評価する承認可能性と定義される。本研究では沖縄県における在日米軍基地政策を取り上げ,これに深く関わる当事者と関与の浅い非当事者との間で,NIMBY問題における政策の決定権をめぐる多様なアクターの正当性とその規定因を検討した。正当性の規定因としては信頼性と法規性に焦点を当てた。当事者は精密な情報処理への動機づけが高いため,信頼性から正当性評価への影響は,評価対象のアクターごとに変化すると考えられる。これに対して非当事者は,各アクターの正当性を周辺的手がかりにもとづいて判断するため,一律的に信頼性と法規性が規定因になると仮定された。これらの仮説は支持されたが,その一方で非当事者ではNIMBY構造に関する情報の獲得により,自己利益の維持を目指して特定アクターの正当性を承認する戦略的思考の発生が指摘された。以上を踏まえ,公共政策をめぐるアクター間の合意形成を権利構造のフレームから検証する理論的視点について論じた。

3 0 0 0 OA 官報

著者
大蔵省印刷局 [編]
出版者
日本マイクロ写真
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1940年02月27日, 1940-02-27

3 0 0 0 OA 白縫譚

著者
柳亭種彦, 柳水亭種清 作
出版者
柳亭種彦
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第70編, 1800
著者
本多 正史 石崎 太一 黒田 素央
出版者
公益社団法人 日本食品科学工学会
雑誌
日本食品科学工学会誌 (ISSN:1341027X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, no.8, pp.443-446, 2006-08-15 (Released:2007-09-14)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
13 23

本評価では,(1) 1日4時間以上VDT作業を行っている労働者であり,(2) 11名中9名が「眼が疲れる」「眼がかすむ」「肩,腰がこる」を感じており,(3) 平均年齢が45.7±7.8歳のパネル11名(男性)を対象に解析を行い,以下2点が明らかになった.(1)鰹節だしの4週間継続摂取により,自覚症状に関して,眼精疲労にみられる「眼が疲れる」「眼がかすむ」「涙がでる」「眼が赤くなる」などの項目が初期値に比べて主に摂取3週目,4週目で改善傾向を示した.(2)フリッカーテストの結果,主に夕方のフリッカー値が初期値に比べて摂取4週目で有意に上昇した.前観察期間のフリッカー値のΔ(朝-夕方)の平均値を基準に層別解析を行った結果,平均以上のパネルでは,顕著にΔ(朝-夕方)が低下した.平均以下のパネルでは,ほとんど変化しなかった.以上の結果から,鰹節だし摂取により眼精疲労が改善される可能性が示唆された.
著者
Adam STERN
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.18-0586, (Released:2018-12-14)
被引用文献数
2

Cases of hyperthermia caused by exposure to high environmental temperature are not uncommonly encountered in dogs. The circumstances surrounding the exposure to high environmental temperature may be accidental or intentional; thus highlighting the importance to perform a forensic autopsy. This report documents three cases of canine environmentally induced hyperthermia and all dogs in this report died less than 6 hrs after exposure to the high environmental temperatures. The most commonly observed macroscopic findings included cutaneous petechial and ecchymotic hemorrhage, pulmonary edema and congestion, and epicardial and endocardial hemorrhage. Microscopically, there was systemic vascular congestion and hemorrhage, fibrin thrombi formation, and occasional enterocyte and/or renal tubular necrosis. The findings from all cases were consistent with hyperthermia induced disseminated intravascular coagulation.
出版者
鐵道趣味社
巻号頁・発行日
1933