著者

榊田 八重子

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.2, pp.84-85, 1976-11-30 (Released:2012-11-27)

著者

佐伯 弘治

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.35-41, 2007

著者

松尾 牧則 入江 康平

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.65-66, 1988-11-30 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

7

著者

佐伯 弘治

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.35-41, 2007-03-31 (Released:2012-11-27)

著者

百鬼 史訓 斉藤 和男 高橋 彬 黒川 隆志

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.3, pp.29-37, 1977-03-31 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

28

---

The purpose of this study is to clarify the morphological features and characteristics of the standing posture of the Kendomen in comparison with the Judomen and non-athletes.We studied on the changes of the relief of the back during various standing posture with the aid of moire contourography. And also, we studied on the vertebral column by the conformateur and the perpendicular line of the body gravity center by the gravianalyzer.The subjects for this study were thirty four Kendomen, twenty six Judomen and twelve non-athletes, students of Tsukuba University, aged 18-20 years.The results were as follows:1) In the girth of the upper limb and the forearm of the Kendomen, a striking contrast between right and left was observed.2) The right shoulder of the back of the Kendomen had a tendency to be in the front and downward.3) The moire contourography of the back of the Kendomen, Uudomen and non-athletes were taken and the characteristics of the relief of their back were examined.4) Of the vertebral angles of the Kendomen,. the angle A (inclination of cervical lumbar line) in the relaxed posture took a negative value, and this tendency was more conspicuous in good and military posture.5) In the position of the body gravity center,. little difference was found between the Kendomen and the non-athletes.6) A few students both in the Kendomen and non-anthletes had the perpendicular line of the body gravity center laid upon the aulicular line. In the good or military posture, the incidence of the overlie of two lines became more frequent.

著者

工藤 龍太

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.3, pp.121-134, 2016-03-31 (Released:2018-03-12)

参考文献数

25

---

Kanō Jigorō diligently studied “atemi-waza” (striking techniques). When he watched aikido founder Ueshiba Morihei’s martial arts demonstration in 1930, he praised that performance as the ideal of the martial arts. This study aims to analyze 689 of Ueshiba’s counter techniques against atemi-waza, as detailed in the martial arts notebooks Ken and Kon, written by the Japanese Imperial Navy Admiral Takeshita Isamu, Ueshiba’s pupil and patron in 1930, with reference to the explanations of Kanō Jigorō’s pursuit of judo as a martial art. The author will consider the similarities between Kanō’s ideal judo as a martial art and Ueshiba’s techniques. The main points are as follows:(1) From the beginning of the Kōdōkan, Kanō had taken measures to cope with atemi-waza, but he could not adopt the techniques into the randori system because of the risk of injury. Instead, he adopted atemi-waza into kata, although practitioners continued to emphasize randori despite Kanō’s repeated warnings. Kanō feared the practitioners’ bad posture. Kanō believed that an essential element in judo as a martial art was to dodge the opponent’s unpredictable atemi attacks by using nimble body movements. He therefore stressed the importance of a natural posture. Kanō thought that a natural posture was ideal because it could flexibly respond to any atemi attack.(2) The opponent’s atemi-waza in the 689 techniques highlighted by Takeshita included both short- and long-distance attacks. These techniques made the opponents’ atemi attacks, which included chops, punches, and kicks, ineffective through the use of nimble body movements and the skillful use of the hands in situations where the practitioner was either standing or sitting. Based on a natural posture and these defensive techniques, Ueshiba used dangerous atemi-waza or skilled throwing techniques that were influenced by Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu. It becomes clear that one of the features of Ueshiba’s skills, as praised as an ideal martial art by Kanō, was to cope with the opponent’s atemi attacks by using a natural posture and nimble body movements, both of which were essential elements in judo as a martial art according to Kanō.

著者

山田 奨治

出版者

Japanese Academy of Budo

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, pp.19, 2001

著者

金本 賢治 根上 優

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.105-106, 1987-11-30 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

著者

和田 哲也

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.45-55, 1990-07-31 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

57

---

In the latter period of Edo era, “shinai-uchikomi-geiko”, the new training method in which swordsmen wearing protectors strike and thrust each other unrestrainedly by means of bamboo swords, became popular and spread in place of the traditional method by means of kata of the school in Kenj utsu. With the propagation of the new method, “taryu jiai”, a match between swordsmen of different schools, which had been put under the taboo, got activated all over the country. There are, however, few detailed investigations into the process except for the Kanto area.The present study was undertaken to make clear how “shinai-uchikomi-geiko” propagated and “taryujiai”got activated in the Iwakuni clan.Major findings are as follows;(1) The trend in kenjutsu, the propagation of “shinai-uchikomi-geiko” and the activation of “taryujiai”by the new method, had extended to the Iwakuni clan at latest in the Tenmei or Kansei period. However at that time all the teachers of kenjutsu-schools refused to adopt the new method, so no one of the bushi-class adopted it and took part in “taryu-jiai” in the clan.(2) With the activation of “taryu-jiai” in the Iwakuni clan, there appeared participants to it in the bushi-class in the latter half of the Bunsei period. Moreover, there appeared teachers of kenjutsu-school who approved to adopt the new method and to take part in “taryu-jiai” in the next Tenpo period. And this became the main method of kenjutsu in the clan.(3) When Yoro-kan (the clan school) was established in the 4th of the Koka period, it was publicly decided to adopt the new method and to practice “taryu-jiai” in the school. At this time it was Katayama-school that defied the decision. Seven years later, however, the new method was adopted in the school in the 1st of the Ansei period. As a result, in all the kenjutsu-schools in the Iwakuni clan the new method came to be used and “taryu-jiai” to be practiced, while existential significance of the traditional kata and schools main-tamed with it became quite small.

著者

直原 幹 市川 真澄 伊藤 政展

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.25-34, 2009-02-01 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

32

---

“Tanden, ” a Japanese term for the lower abdominal region below the navel, is believed in oriental physical arts to be extremely important in maintaining vitality, staying calm, and taking rational action. In this paper, we examine whether the “tanden” focus of attention exherts an influence on postural control. The effectiveness of this “tanden” focus of attention on postural control is estimated by observing the equilibrium of subjects tasked with standing upright while following different sets of instructions. Four groups of subjects are instructed to stand still with minimal body sway while standing on a force-plate system that measures their center of pressure (COP). Each group is given different instructions: One group focuses on markers placed 26 cm away from the middle line of the force plate (external focus), a second focuses on their feet (internal focus), and the third on their “tanden” (internal focus). The control group is given no specific focus instructions. The parameters of equilibrium are the length of COP, average velocity of COP, and ellipse area of COp.The results show: 1) The length of COP is significantly shorter (p<0.05) in the “tanden” focus group than in the feet-focus group and the control group.2) The average velocity of COP is significantly slower (p<0.05) in the “tanden” focus group than in the feet-focus group and the control group.3) In the ellipse area of COP, there is no difference among the four groups. These results suggest that “tanden” focus of attention attenuates body sway.

著者

菅波 盛雄 川村 禎三 石島 繁 井浦 吉彦 浅見 高明

出版者

Japanese Academy of Budo

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.21-31, 1982

---

It is a common knowledge that the motion of the head plays an important role in applying the Judo throwing techniques. It greatly influences the retention of the posture in the process of the applying the techniques, and also affects the making full use of the power which is needed in the throwing.<br>In this study, we regard the motion of the head, the shoulders, and the hip, which affect very much the throwing, as the rotary motion against the median line; and we try to explain in what way the head, the shoulders, and the hip move and how thiw rotary motion affects the motion of the head in the throwing.<br>The following results was obtained.<br>1) It was observed that in the case of well-trained the body had turned round before the head began to turn at the completion of &ldquo;Taisabaki&rdquo; (body turning) and the motion of the head was restrained; but in the case of middle-trained and untrained, the head had turned round before the shoulders at the completion of &ldquo;Taisabaki&rdquo; (body turning).<br>2) In the phase of &ldquo;Kake&rdquo; (attack) of well-trained, the head turned round at a time, and a angle difference could be observed between the head, the shoulders and the hip; i. e. the head had turned first, the followed the shoulders, and the hip: and this angle difference between the head and the body was smaller than the case of middletrained and untrained. Therefore we could say that the head, the shoulders, and the hip co-ordinated well in this case. But in the case of middle-trained and untrained the angle difference which was observed at the completion of &ldquo;Taisabaki&rdquo; (body turning)continued, and it became even larger than it was at the completion of &ldquo;Taisabaki&rdquo;(body turning). So in the case of middle-trained and untrained, it was observed that only the head turned round too much in the throwing.<br>3) In the case of middle-trained and untrained, it was observed at the phase of &ldquo;Kake&rdquo;(attack) that the position of the hip was too high, so therefore the direction of &ldquo;Hikite&rdquo;(pulling hand) was not correct, and &ldquo;Tsurite&rdquo; (lifting hand) did not work well, so that the motion of the shoulders was restricted. The motion of the shoulders is important to the effective motion of the head. This motion of the shoulders is influenced by the correct position of the hip and the correct direction of &ldquo;Hikite&rdquo; (pulling hand)and the correct way of &ldquo;Tsurite&rdquo; (lifting hand).

著者

浜ロ 雅行 林 邦夫 福永 哲夫 堀山 健治

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.43-45, 1977-11-30 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1

著者

下川 美佳 金高 宏文 竹中 健太郎 赤崎 房生 前田 明

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.1, pp.35-43, 2018

---

<p>本研究は,剣道の打撃動作にともなって発生する打撃音と踏み込み音との関係を明らかにすることを目的とした。そのために,ヒトの音に対する可聴範囲(20Hzから20000Hzまでの周波数帯域)内の200Hzから4900Hzを対象に打撃音,踏み込み音およびそれらの複合音(打撃音+踏み込み音)との相違について検討した。</p><p>その結果以下のことが明らかとなった。</p><p>(1)打撃音は踏み込み音や複合音より小音である。</p><p>(2)打撃音と踏み込み音および複合音では構成する周波数帯の振幅スペクトルが異なる。</p><p>(3)複合音は,ヒトの聞き取りやすい周波数帯の振幅スペクトル量を大きくする。</p>

著者

中村 充 菅波 盛雄 廣瀬 伸良

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.3, pp.26-34, 1999-05-31 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

27

---

The purpose of this research is to do the detailed game analysis of the 45th all-Japan kendo championship.As the method, we made a new program, to collect information by using a personal computer and video. We collected the movement of the contents and player of all the techniques in the games as data by utilizing this system. And we analyzed the trend and present condition of the convention.We got the following result by this research.1. Such time when gets IPPON was long more before.2. Way of attacking which used the movement of the straight line furthermore and make the movement of small of a/the bamboo sword in, the present game is effective.3. The trend that attacks by the shock action like that and strike KOTE, this research was observed.4. The result that does and watch important that many players defend the shock of a partner even from that responds was seen.5. The game analysis program that we made was effective to do data input in detail and quickly. And, we think that we are effective in the comparison of the data and convention in terms of contestants.

著者

Matsumoto David 金野 潤 Ha Hyoung Zoo

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.17-26, 2006

---

柔道に関してよく掲げあげられている信念のひとつに、柔道は人格形成に寄与するというものがあるが、実際にそれを実証する学術的文献は今のところ存在しない。本研究はこのような先行研究の不足を補うため、柔道の実践が、自己統制、情動制御、誠実、勇敢、規律、敬意などにわたる人格特性と関連するかを検証した。アメリカ人柔道実践者、約160名を対象に、これらの人格特性、ならびに柔道実践の程度を測定する質問紙調査を実施した。柔道の実践とこれらの人格特性には正の相関が示された。年齢の影響を統計上取り除いたうえでも同様の結果が得られた。本研究は、これら特定の人格特性における柔道の効果をはじめて示唆する研究結果を報告したものである。

著者

北村 李軒

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.21-27, 1978-03-05 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

24

---

In order to detect cases of Exertional Hemoglobinuria among Japanese Martial Art trainees, urine specimens obtained from 114 student members of Martial Art clubs (Kendo, Judo, Karate and Aikido) were examined.Exertional Hemoglobinuria was found in 15 out of 60 Kendo trainees and 3 out of 16 Aikido trainees respectively.Among these 18 cases of hemoglobinuria, however, only 3 cases presented macroskopic hematuria and the remaining 15 showed normal coloured urine.Thus, it must be emphasized that in Japan Martial Art training, especially Kendo exersise, is one of the main precipitating factors of Exertional Hemoglobinuria, and that there are often latent forms of the disease in which gross hematuria is not present.In considering the hemolytic mechanism occurring in Kendo exercise, I assume that the special action called “Fumikomi” operates as a mechanical trauma on the soles of the feet, although there must be other unknown factors for the development of this condition.

著者

北田 吾希子 恵土 孝吉 井上 哲朗 高橋 千代子

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.95-96, 1989-11-30 (Released:2012-11-27)

著者

湯野 正憲

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.2, pp.61-62, 1981-03-10 (Released:2012-11-27)

著者

笠井 哲

出版者

Japanese Academy of Budo

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.1-11, 1989

---

The purpose of this article is to elucidate the significance of the concept of &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo;(Tendo). First, the concept of &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo; in some enlightenment books, such as Shingakugorinsho, etc., is examined. Next, the meaning of &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo; in the secret books of martial arts, such as Heihokadensho, etc., is defined. Through a comparison of these two concepts of &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo; follows, the similarities between the two schools of thoughts in discussed.<br>The results of this article are summarized as follows:<br>1) Originally &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo; includes not only the rules of nature but also the rules of morals or &ldquo;The Way of Man&rdquo; (Jindo). &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo; as found in the enlightenment books, such as Shingakugorinsho, etc., supports the ideology of the Tokugawa Bakufu, and is based on the unification of the three schools of thoughts, Shinto, Confucianism, and Buddhism.<br>2) &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo; in the secret books of martial arts, such as Heihokadensho, is derived from San-Rue, and permits the unavoidable fight in the cause of justice. This idea was considered suitable for the policy of the Tokugawa Bakufu. According to the written prayer (Kishoumon), &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo; was considered to be a god or buddha. In other words, &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo; in Martial Arts was also considered to have a commonality with both Shintoism and Buddhism.<br>3) As has been examined in this paper, the idea of &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo; in the enlightenment writings and the martial arts writings of the Edo Period contained various and complex meanings, borrowing from the different philosophical and cultural traditions of the Period. In short, &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo;is a &ldquo;master key&rdquo;, which elucidates the commonality of Shinto, Confucian, and Buddhist thoughts, as well as martial arts. Therefore, the philosophical thought of martial arts compares favorably with the three schools of thoughts (Shinto, Confucianism, and Buddhism) through the foundation of &ldquo;The Way of Heaven&rdquo;.

著者

佐藤 宏拓穣

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.27-37, 2006

---

本研究は,昭和前半期における武道教員養成の実態を,國士館専門学校の場合を明らかにする。昭和前半期における武道教員の養成は,文部省に認可されていた東京高等師範学校(以下,高師と略記する),大日本武徳会武道専門学校(以下,武専と略記する),そして國士館の3校が行っていた。國士館は,昭和4(1929)年,文部省により専門学校として設置が認可された。昭和8(1933)年,剣道・柔道に対して文部省は,中等学校教員資格の免許を無試験で与えられることになった。