著者

星 卓志 飯島 侑希子 丸岡 努 金井 寛樹 吉田 薫平

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.767, pp.89-99, 2020 (Released:2020-01-30)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1

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The city to create a location optimization plan (LOP) is increasing, with the aim of forming a compact city. LOP should set the Dwelling Attraction Area (DAA) of the residential induction zone, induce residency there, and maintain the population density within the same area as the population of the entire city is reduced. As result of attracting residents and maintaining population density in DAA, outside of the residential induction zone, it becomes an area aimed at reducing the population, and there is a concern about the deterioration of the living environment. In many local medium-sized cities, suburbanization is still underway today. Moreover, there are a lot of cities where suburbs are progressing even if the total population decreases. On the other hand, in suburban areas, which were systematically developed during the rapid population growth period, there is a concern about the rapid increase in the number of vacant lots and vacant houses due to the progression of population decline and aging. Areas urbanized by sprawl, the "circulation of land use" is difficult to generate. In recent years, the occurrence of vacant houses due to the population decline in cities is an urgent issue. Therefore, it is important to understand the status of housing updates in order to consider the planning goals in suburban areas. The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in urban areas of cities where the population of suburban areas has already be declining, and to obtain knowledge to examine urban area planning goals. As a result, the following points were clarified. In the medium-sized city of 200 to 500 thousand people, there is no city where the population is consolidating between 1995 and 2015. The change in the direction of non-consolidation is a general trend. The difference in the population density of the area where have already urbanized and the suburban area is almost a decreasing trend, and non-consolidation is progressing from this respect. Of these, in Hakodate city where the population decrease in suburban area is the most preceding, the so-called sponge making progresses in the area where have already urbanized. On the other hand, in the suburban area of Hakodate city, the renewal of urban areas and the decrease of vacant lots are progressing even if the population decline continues. In addition, in the four representative districts of the urban area type, the renewal of the house has occurred under the population decrease. At the same time, the vacant house rate has increased significantly over the last 20 years. If there is a re-tenant in the vacant house, the vacant period is about two years. From the above, the following was obtained as a finding to the planning goals of the suburban urban area in the population decrease phase in the medium-sized city. It can be said that it is difficult consolidation to reverse this direction in the tendency of the population distribution change in the urbanization promotion areas is in the suburbanization and leveling. Moreover, the renewal of the urban area in the suburban area is continued even under the population declining from the actual situation of the urban area change in Hakodate city. Even if the house does not change, the resident's replacement continues. Therefore, the sustainability as the residential area is secured without the one-sided vacant lot making and the vacant house progress.

著者

野中 勝利

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.652, pp.1471-1479, 2010-06-30 (Released:2010-08-26)

参考文献数

94

被引用文献数

1

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My reseach aims to elucidate the circumstances and significance of the reconstruction of castle towers in the period preceding the Second World War. This paper covers the reconstruction of two castle towers on ruins dating from the early-modern period. The early-modern castles at Hachiman and Ueno had no castle towers. The reconstructed castle towers built on their ruins were constructed of wood, and great care was given to the design of their layout and their external appearance. In both cases the impressive spectacle presented by the reconstruction built using modern construction techniques was accepted by the local communities.

著者

大和 英理加 後藤 春彦 吉江 俊 林 書嫻

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.810, pp.2336-2347, 2023-08-01 (Released:2023-08-01)

参考文献数

20

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This research focuses on the Defensive Architecture(DA), which prevents people from staying in public spaces, and collects and categorizes them through workshops. The first WS revealed the presence of 21 different DAs. The second WS defined the “depth of nonrecognition” and the 21 DAs were divided into 6 stages. Furthermore, the field survey revealed that there are three types of Defensive Environments with spatial extents in which multiple DAs act to alienate squatters. The study of “Defensive Architecture” is a good clue for us to think about how to use public space.

著者

雑喉谷 峻平 木下 光

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.721, pp.633-643, 2016 (Released:2016-03-30)

参考文献数

85

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This study aims to clarify the historical transition of the Public Retail Market in pre-war Osaka city on following 3 aspects. 1. The urban policies and social position of the Public Retail Market were analyzed through papers of Hajime SEKI and Osaka's Council minutes. 2. The historical transition of the Public Retail Market were classified by the analysis of gross floor area, structure, plan, elevation and section drawings of 21 buildings. 3. How the Public Retail Market had played the role as the core of the living environment was shown by the survey of two case.

著者

齋藤 駿介

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.808, pp.2039-2050, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-06-01)

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Early building evacuations focused on cities critical to air defense, but the target cities were officially expanded in June 1945, and in reality, they were expanded around the end of 1944 to include small and medium-sized regional cities. The largest number of evacuated buildings was recorded around March 1945, when nighttime air raids on major cities were common. Although the project was implemented in many cities throughout Japan, the majority of evacuated buildings were concentrated in the industrial areas of Keihin, Keihanshin, Nagoya, and northern Kyushu.

著者

近藤 正一 早瀬 幸彦 麓 和善 若山 滋

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.488, pp.203-210, 1996

参考文献数

11

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We surveyed "Shinsenju", "Shinsansui", "Ginpa", and the other remained buildings of Nakamura Yukaku, in order to analyze the characteristics of city planning and modern architecture in the age of Taisho to Early Showa which germinate modern urban thought. The urban planning is modernistic although follow basic urban structure of historic Yukaku, in consideration of anti-disaster, hygiene, etc. The floor plan of almost all buildings is typed 3 patterns according to functional matters on urban planning. "Shinsenju" and "Shinsansui" which are Japanese style have adopted western style everywhere, while "Ginpa" which is western style have been sukiya style at the interior.

著者

金波 詩明 園田 眞理子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.676, pp.1325-1332, 2012-06-30 (Released:2012-07-27)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 5

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In recent years, it is clarified that autism spectrum disorder person have special senses, and differ from normal senses. This study is therefore intended to clarify confusion between autism spectrum disorder and building environment.The survey was conducted as follows;1) Analysis of texts written by persons with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome.2) Interview by documents to some persons with high functioning autism and Asperger syndrome.We can be clarified that autism spectrum disorder persons have various type of confusion and barriers against building environment. And the barriers between autism spectrum disorder and living environment are space planning, shapes, color, quality of materials, lighting, acoustic, heating, air-conditioning.

著者

矢部 恒彦 北原 理雄 徳山 郁芳

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.472, pp.111-122, 1995

被引用文献数

6 5

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Every Japanese elementary school has an original school song, and its words have typical forms that show us the educational idea and the local landscape. The aim of this study is to pick out local landscape images ,of the elements ,from the words. As the first step, we sampled the nouns (noun phrases) which concretely shows things as landscape elements from school songs in 98 cities. Next we divided them into 12 categories, and we calculated appearance rates of the categories. Using the appearance rates, we classified 98 cities into 10 groups. Next we picked up typical city of each group, and drew its image map. As a result ,we made it clear that each image map present local landscape clearly.

著者

李 雪 黒田 乃生 藤川 昌樹 安藤 邦廣

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.721, pp.603-612, 2016 (Released:2016-03-30)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

---

In the region of Minority nationalities, Guizhou Province of China, houses are built by using traditional technology and local materials with the joint efforts of villagers. By investigating the construction process of G house in Gongna Village, this study has clarified that the participants mainly involved in the construction including house owner, the villagers and the experts such as carpenters, feng shui master, transportation supplier, sawmill and wood processing company. With the modernization of the rural life and the increasing of monetary economy, construction has been split into more divisions. The current result suggested that along with the introduction of electric tools and monetary economy, all of the construction process might tend to be more specific that could only be handled by professional staff. The old tradition of wooden technology and collaboration of villagers that have been inherited for many years might disappear.

著者

石榑 督和 初田 香成

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.705, pp.2589-2597, 2014-11-30 (Released:2014-11-30)

被引用文献数

3 3

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By analyzing "Shinkou Ichiba map", this paper aims to grasp the “markets” in postwar Tokyo from the viewpoint of development approach, planning and store constitution. The map drawn 138 sheets intended for Tokyo's 23 wards, recorded the “markets” of 281 places in it. The results are given follows; 1) from the development approach, the “markets” were classified into types of detached shops and planned unit development, 2) typically, the markets has a passage in the longitudinal direction of the site, and in order to take passage and arranging two or more rows the row houses is required about 5.4 meters short dimension of the site, 3) Retail store is located on the front part of the markets, housing and pub is located in the back.

著者

劉 羽虹 藤田 勝也

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.783, pp.1550-1558, 2021-05-30 (Released:2021-05-30)

参考文献数

13

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The purpose of this research is to clarify the actual condition of the last word “Tei” (亭) of the residence name that can be seen in the noble diaries from Heian to the early Kamakura period in Japan. In this paper, in addition to the noble diaries featured by Hoshi et al., “Suisaki” “Sankaiki” “Gumaiki” “Kanchuki” and “Sentogoishiburuiki” are newly considered. It is also necessary to compare “Tei” (亭) with “Tei” (第).Summarize the following research results.① In the 10th and 11th centuries, I reaffirmed Hoshi et al.’s claim that “Tei” (亭) are few and “Tei” (第) is heavily used. Also, “Tei” (第) was said to be used for the residence of high-ranking nobles, but according to “Shoyuki”, it was also applicable to “Tei” (亭).② Hoshi et al. claimed that “Tei” (亭) was heavily used from the middle of the 11th century, this was confirmed in this paper. Furthermore, As seen from the cases of residences “Tei” (亭), the court rank of residents was widely as “Tei” (第).③ The around 1100, namely from the latter half of the 11th century to the first half of the 12th century, it was a transitional period from the last word “Tei” (第) to “Tei” (亭) of residences, Since then, “Tei” (亭) was used more often than “Tei” (第).④ In the 12th century, “Tei” (亭) was supposed to be dominant, but in “Daiki” and “Gyokuyo”, “Tei” (第) is also used. And there was a difference in the tendency depending on the diaries.⑤ In the 13th century, either “Tei” (亭) or “Tei” (第) was not dominant, but both were used in the same way.⑥ In “Gonijomoromichiki” “Chuyuki” “Denryaku” “Sankaiki” and “Gyokuyo”, the owner’s residence uses more “Tei” (亭) than “Tei” (第), or only “Tei” (亭) was used. Specially “Gyokuyo”, that was thought to have used “Tei” (亭) selectively.In the 13th century, it is unusual for sticking use “Tei” (第) and not use “Tei” (亭) at all in “Inokumakanpakuki”. “Kanchuki” has the same tendency. May be influenced by the personality and writing habits of the writer. It is necessary to conduct detailed verification and analysis around “Tei” (亭) “Tei” (第) or the other residence words, and further expanding the times.

著者

上 なつき

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.726, pp.1799-1807, 2016 (Released:2016-08-30)

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“Jin Ping Mei”, a novel completed during the late Ming Dynasty, revolves around the theme of sexual relations between the wealthy merchant Ximen Qing and his wives and mistresses. The story is set mainly on the limited stage of Ximen's jia or residence and describes the manners and customs of the time in great detail. For that reason, “Jin Ping Mei” has since been used as a historical and folkloric document that centers on the field of the necessities of life vis-à-vis life histories. In this paper, giving attention to the various locations of Ximen's jia from the point of view of residential history, I considered the formal significance of the women's actions at Ximen Qing's funeral and studied the influence that they exerted on the residence. First, if we analyze the layout of the mansion as well as the significance of each location, many interesting facts will come to light. In the Si-He-Yuan House, for instance, there were everyday spaces for women—centered around Shangfang, located north of Hou-Yimen (the “inner-facing” domain)—and spaces usually used by men—centered on Dating, located south of Hou-Yimen (the “outward-facing” domain). Supposing the above, an examination of the actions of the women at Ximen Qing's funeral is worthy, considering the social status of the deceased and the interest in the household among the public. The women's formal acts, the locations, and relationships in which they performed those acts have made this funeral an interesting subject for discussion. As Ximen Qing met his dying hour, he was clad in funeral clothing by his mistress in Shangfang and then brought to Datinng in the “outward-facing” domain. His mortal remains, placed in a coffin, were enshrined in Dating until just before the funeral procession. After the burial, the “Ling” of the deceased, who was called back by “Daotong, ” was sheltered in a mortuary tablet in Shangfang. Afterwards, the women made sure that the “Ling” entered Nirvana through the “Wuqi” ceremony. In other words, the women were responsible for ensuring his final departure to Nirvana in the “inner-facing” domain of them. That is to say, the women were principal actors in the commencement and completion of Ximen Qing's funeral, justifying the motivation of the study.

著者

李 雪 黒田 乃生 藤川 昌樹 安藤 邦廣

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.732, pp.383-391, 2017 (Released:2017-02-28)

参考文献数

8

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The Chuandou System (pillars-and-transverse-tie-beams) wooden frame is wildly used in Miao people's houses in Qiandongnan region of Guizhou Province of China. The Chuandou System wooden frame is composed of vertical pillars and horizontal beams called "Fang". In this area, the house building is following a traditional production organization that the local carpenters design the house and process wooden components and the setting-up of the frame that is completed by joint work of villagers. By investigating the construction process of G house in Gongna Village, Qiandongnan region, this study has clarified that five types of the mortise and tenon joints are used in Chuandou-systerm wooden. The dimension characters of horizontal beams (Fang) were also clarified. In addition, the relationship between types of mortise and tenon joints, the dimension characters of horizontal beams (Fang), and the production organization of house building would be discussed in this study. In G house, the wooden frame could be separated into roof truss and framework. There are two types of mortise and tenon joints in roof trusses.. One of the joints that carpenters cult into a cavity in bottom of short pillar, and the cavity could be used as a mortise to put the short pillar on horizontal beam. Another type of the joints could be considered as a "haunched stob tenon joint", which is used to put horizontal beams(Fang) into short pillars. Also, there are three types of mortise and tenon joints in the frameworks. One type could be considered as a "pegged tenon joint". A haunched stob form tenon on the end of the beam inserts into the mortise. For strengthening the mortise and tenon, a peg is drived into one hole both through mortise and tenon. In another type of joints, tenon is in the middle of the horizontal beam (Fang) that could be passed across mortise and a key could be drived into horizontal beam (Fang) close to the pillar. The last type of mortise and tenon joints also could be considered as a "pegged tenon joint". Pair of horizontal symmetry beams come from two sides of the pillar, and two tenons on the end of beams are joint in one mortise. A peg also has been drvied into two tenons and one mortise to fix them. After the processing of wooden components, local villagers have to set up the Chuandou system frame by a very simple way in two days. They move horizontal beams (Fang) or vertical pillars to join mortises and tenons, and use wooden hammers to hit the beams to strengthen the connection of mortise and tenons. To provide an effectively setting-up construction, the local carpenters should devise the combination of mortise and tenon joints, and also process the horizontal beams (Fang) by different heights and widths in different positions even in the same beam as the shorter area can ensure the beams insert mortise smoothly. Therefore, relatively complicated process skill as well as a simple setting-up frame is developed in this region.

著者

川添 善行

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.701, pp.1577-1582, 2014-07-30 (Released:2014-09-30)

参考文献数

13

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The aim of this paper is to clarify the spatial structure of the symbol grave and the burial grave in villages with the double grave system. This paper is composed of three main chapters. 1) Analyzing the location of the symbol grave and the relationship between its location and distance was clarified. 2) Analyzing the location of the burial grave in a village and the relationship between its location and spatial axis was clarified. 3) Analyzing the location of the burial grave and the symbol grave, and the space model of villages with the double grave system was clarified.

著者

堀田 典裕

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.478, pp.169-177, 1995-12-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

33

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This paper is an attempt to analyze the evoluting process and the spatial characteristics of Dohtoku residential quarter in Nagaoya. Rice fields reclaimed in the Edo era were developed by Nagoya-sanbashi-soko Inc. in the early Showa era as the residential quarter for the workers of the factories around Nagoya Port. Although a licensed area was included in the preliminary plan, it was changed into the waterfront amusement park by the direction of the Town Planning Committee of Aichi Prefecture. Around this big park and five small parks, the streets were arranged in a partially radiating pattern.

著者

司馬 麻未 三好 庸隆 木多 道宏

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.762, pp.1657-1667, 2019-08

被引用文献数

1

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<p> This study aims to examine the factors that influence the formation of a good social environment by ascertaining the realities of human relationships formed in shared housing.</p><p> Today, with the increasing number of single households, we are in a situation where there are changes in and influences on the way of living and the functions that a traditional family has been responsible for. It is considered that human connections and mutual support obtained in shared housing further enriches the life of residents.</p><p> The research method included examining the shared house where about 40 people were living in Osaka Prefecture. This included conducting a survey over a period of three years and a case study of participant observation conducted by the author who stayed in the targeted house for a period of eight months. Also, from an interview survey of 17 residents, examined it from the point of view of the formation of a social environment.</p><p> Most of the residents in the targeted shared house desired contact and conversations with the people in the house and were satisfied that it was a shared dwelling where these expectations were realized. The spiritual enrichment in life that arose from the casually exchanged greetings and conversations was an aspect that could not be obtained by staying alone and can be considered to be realized through living in shared housing where one can mutually connect with other people. The richness of life that can be obtained from communication with the people residing here is not something that is obtained from strong human relationships of trust such as in the case of family, but from variable human relationships assuming relocation as the shared house is a temporary residence.</p><p> (1) In the targeted shared house, it was confirmed that human relationships were formed mainly for residents with a residence history of more than six months and less than two years. Relationships and exchanges were found to be influenced by the living history and lifestyle types of the main places of stay. Among human relationships in changeable shared housing where replacement of residents is frequent, it can be considered that the degree of intimacy of the human relationships and the extent of interaction changes depending on the residence history.</p><p> (2) It is considered that the room position and the common space to be used affect the degree of exchange. It was found that in shared housing with a population size of about 30 inhabitants, it is important to have spatial planning which enables one to connect without the relationships getting too close and where it was possible to maintain a sense of distance. In the case study considered in this paper, it was confirmed that residents were living by freely choosing the distance with, and how to connect with, other residents.</p><p> (3) It was confirmed that residents who built close relationships and a high level of interaction had a tendency of sharing food and items with others on a daily basis in the kitchen on the second floor. It is possible that sharing food and items interact with human relationship formation.</p><p> By clarifying the factors that influence the formation of a social environment in shared house, it is thought that this paper demonstrates knowledge beneficial in the formation of a social environment in the life of single households.</p>

著者

鳳 英里子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.590, pp.167-172, 2005-04-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

27

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The restoration works of Timurid architecture in Samarkand has a long history starting from the period of the Russian colonization. This works dramatically changed the shape of monuments. Soon after Uzbekistan raised as a Presidential Republic, Timurid monument were recognized as a symbol of the country and restoration works were revitalized. In this paper, I focused on the changes of the architecture's shapes by the restoration works, and the various aims of restoration works during Russian colonial period, Soviet period, and after independence. According to detailed research for the restoration process of four main Timurid architectures in Samarkand, the monuments gained the position as historic monuments in the Russian period, and played a propaganda role in the Soviet period. In order to enhance the high quality of historic monuments in the soviet area, researchers made a great effort to study the monuments and realized many extensive restoration works. After the independence, many large-scale restoration works have been undergoing without academic studies and professionals.

著者

宇杉 和夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.518, pp.189-195, 1999-04-30 (Released:2017-02-03)

参考文献数

28

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This paper describes the relationship between basic spatial recognition and landscaping In Japan. Landscaping m Japan is based on the concept and idea of "Creation and Generation of Space". There is a spatial concept that I call "Space of Island" that has a symbolic position in above mentioned relationship. The story of "The Creation of the Main 8 Islands of Japan" in Japanese mythology teaches us the framework on spatial recognition to understand the meaning of variable landscapes and scenery in Japan. This study clarifies conceptions and patterns on composition of "Spatial Axis" as "Creation and Generation of Space".

著者

恩田 重直

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.611, pp.245-251, 2007-01-30 (Released:2017-02-25)

被引用文献数

1 1

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This paper explains how streets and their facing buildings in the southern Chinese city of Amoy (Xiamen) were redesigned during a city improvement plan in the early 1930s. By using a map from the "Simingxilu and Shengpinglu Street Plan" and other planning documents, I show how the new street plan was superimposed atop the city's old urban district. In addition, I have also conducted onsite surveys of existing buildings, verified if the buildings were built to plan or not, investigated the process of land and building expropriation, and discuss the building of the city's characteristic covered-sidewalks (qilou or piaolou).

著者

麓 和善 加藤 由香

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.651, pp.1231-1239, 2010-05-30 (Released:2010-07-26)

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The Principal Tower of Nagoya Castle was repaired on a large scale from 1752 to 1755. This paper evaluates and analyzes the Principal Tower based on historical drawings and specifications, which explain the repair of the main body of castle tower. The northern and the western parts of the first and the second layers on the top of the stone wall of the Principal Tower were dismantled before the stone wall was dismantled. Also, the builders cleverly applied a system of levers. Then the subsidence and the inclination of the Principal Tower were fixed logically and systematically using the system.