著者

青柳 由佳 小林 久高 濱 定史 豊川 尚 安藤 邦廣

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.672, pp.343-350, 2012-02-29 (Released:2012-03-07)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 1

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In the villages along the Miyakawa, a river in the Hida district of Gifu Prefecture, many traditional wooden folk and store houses have remained. In this report, the transformations in the wall construction of these houses are presented. The following three areas were researched: Tanekura, Sangawara, Suganuma, with the following findings.1.Due to the shortage of timber resources in the 1900s and the expansion of rice fields in the 1920s, the board walls of the folk houses built on alluvial fans and terraces changed to mud walls. In the mountain villages, on the other hand, walls made of wood continued to be seen.2.Between the Meiji and Postwar Period, the shortage of timber continued. The mud walls of the wooden storehouses situated in the villages on the alluvial fans, where rice fields had continued to expand, finally changed to thick mortar walls. In the villages built on terraces and mountains, the walls of storehouses saw a transformation from thick boards to thin boards.

著者

青柳 由佳 小林 久高 濱 定史 豊川 尚 安藤 邦廣

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.666, pp.1389-1396, 2011-08-30 (Released:2012-01-13)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 1

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In Tanekura, a village in the Hida district of Gifu, many traditional wooden folk houses have remained.In this report, the transformation process of three storied folk house of the fifteen main houses are presented. About 1900's three storied folk houses already have existed. The attic space first expanded when rebuilding was done from thatched roofing to single roofing during the 1920's. After that, some houses called “tateage” appeared, where the lengthening of doorjamb was added while reroofing, thus providing even more space.The expansion of the attic space is related to the businesses of the house owners, such as sericulture and stock raising, and the change in roof material is thought to have to do with the changes of use of Japanese pampas grass as resources. A opportunity of the change in roof advanced three storied folk houses.

著者

平田 卓也 砂本 文彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.692, pp.2213-2221, 2013

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This study aims to show the diversity of transformation of Buddhism facilities by the anti- Buddhist movement in the Meiji era.<br>The 88-places of pilgrimage in Kochi clan had been influenced by the Policy of Separation of Buddhism and Shintoism.<br>Facilities of temples were transformed as follows;<br>1. Some were demolished and the site of them had been used as agricultural land and shrine.<br>2. Some of facilities were remained and converted to various use, for example, elementary school, housing, without adaptation.

著者

辻原 万規彦 藤岡 里圭

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.596, pp.85-92, 2005-10-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

176

被引用文献数

5 4

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The purpose of this paper is to analyze "Hi-oho-i" (awning for street) as the origin of Arcades in Japan in detail. First, according to the nation-wide research of the Japan Chamber of Commerce and Industry in 1935, "Hi-oho-i" was distributed all over the country. Next, it was confirmed to use the word "Hi-oho-i" at Edo era, to exist old photograph and dairy on the "Hi-oho-i" at Meiji era (1890s), and to be declining the "Hi-oho-i" about 1950s. Finally, the relation between the construction of the "Hi-oho-i" and the formation of the community and urban space in shopping streets was examined.

著者

劉 羽虹 藤田 勝也

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.783, pp.1550-1558, 2021

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<p>The purpose of this research is to clarify the actual condition of the last word "Tei" (亭) of the residence name that can be seen in the noble diaries from Heian to the early Kamakura period in Japan. In this paper, in addition to the noble diaries featured by Hoshi et al., "Suisaki" "Sankaiki" "Gumaiki" "Kanchuki" and "Sentogoishiburuiki" are newly considered. It is also necessary to compare "Tei" (亭) with "Tei" (第).</p><p>Summarize the following research results.</p><p>① In the 10th and 11th centuries, I reaffirmed Hoshi et al.'s claim that "Tei" (亭) are few and "Tei" (第) is heavily used. Also, "Tei" (第) was said to be used for the residence of high-ranking nobles, but according to "Shoyuki", it was also applicable to "Tei" (亭).</p><p>② Hoshi et al. claimed that "Tei" (亭) was heavily used from the middle of the 11th century, this was confirmed in this paper. Furthermore, As seen from the cases of residences "Tei" (亭), the court rank of residents was widely as "Tei" (第).</p><p>③ The around 1100, namely from the latter half of the 11th century to the first half of the 12th century, it was a transitional period from the last word "Tei" (第) to "Tei" (亭) of residences, Since then, "Tei" (亭) was used more often than "Tei" (第).</p><p>④ In the 12th century, "Tei" (亭) was supposed to be dominant, but in "Daiki" and "Gyokuyo", "Tei" (第) is also used. And there was a difference in the tendency depending on the diaries.</p><p>⑤ In the 13th century, either "Tei" (亭) or "Tei" (第) was not dominant, but both were used in the same way.</p><p>⑥ In "Gonijomoromichiki" "Chuyuki" "Denryaku" "Sankaiki" and "Gyokuyo", the owner's residence uses more "Tei" (亭) than "Tei" (第), or only "Tei" (亭) was used. Specially "Gyokuyo", that was thought to have used "Tei" (亭) selectively.</p><p>In the 13th century, it is unusual for sticking use "Tei" (第) and not use "Tei" (亭) at all in "Inokumakanpakuki". "Kanchuki" has the same tendency. May be influenced by the personality and writing habits of the writer. It is necessary to conduct detailed verification and analysis around "Tei" (亭) "Tei" (第) or the other residence words, and further expanding the times.</p>

著者

和田 菜穂子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.781, pp.1167-1176, 2021 (Released:2021-03-30)

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“Nakagin Capsule Tower Building” established in 1972 is a world well-known architecture as a symbol of Metabolism architecture designed by Kisho Kurokawa. The architect regards capsule as living cell which have to be replaced every 25 years in order to realize the recycle system of Metabolism architecture, but never exchanged. “Nakagin Capsule Tower Building” is apartment house for single man. Total 140 capsules are attached to the core shaft. At the same time, he designed his summer cottage “Capsule K” in Karuizawa consisted by 4 capsules as an experimental house. One of them is a tea room, because tea ceremony is his hobby. However, the metabolism movement came to be ended in the late 1970’s, he has continued to design tea room since he built traditional Sukiya Architecture “Kyoju-so” and tea house “Ritsumei-an” in 1979. Kurokawa put the new word “Hana-Suki” for the concept of new Sukiya architecture. Then, he built his own tea room “Yuishiki-an” in 1984 which named from the philosophy of Buddhism. Finally, his last tea room “Takiminoseki” was completed in 2000 collaborate with Japanese painter Hiroshi Senju which is into a concrete box. The author researched his capsule architecture, tea rooms and his texts to clarify his view of capsule and tea room and concluded the following fourpoints: 1. The expression of spoken and written words by Kisho Kurokawa are equal to the expression of architecture. He often created new words for showing his new concept of architecture and published over 100 books and had lectures. It was necessary for him to spread his new philosophy. 2. The fundamental philosophy of the architect was formed by the experience of young ages in Kanie city of Aichi prefecture during the World War II. He learned the Buddhism at junior and high school. For example, not only the name of his tea room “Yuishiki-an” but his main philosophy “Kyosei” is also inspired from Buddhism. He spent his young ages at tea room “Yoshitsu-an” in Kanie. His grandfather was “Sukisha” which is cultural person and Sukiya collector. His grandfather gave a great impact to young Kurokawa and he got the aesthetic eyes at small tea room of traditional Skiya architecture. It led to the concept of Capsule architecture to spend at the minimum space alone. 3. Japanese tradition gave him the inspiration for his new creation. Especially, tea room was regarded as the symbol of Japanese original culture. The concept of Japanese tradition was translated by Kurokawa and got reborn as contemporary architecture. 4. He prefer to use the word “Kochuu” for the minimum space in his late years around 2000. He designed “Takiminoseki” into the concrete box in 2000 which was similar to Capsule architecture. Although the material was different, the concept was the same as tea room at “Capsule K”. For him, the worldview of “Kochuu” which means to feel universe at minimum space, is important to express his concept. He realized the world view of “Kochuu” was unvarying concept and has continued from the beginning of his carrier since “Capsule K” was completed in 1973.

著者

菅野 圭祐 佐藤 滋

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.719, pp.133-141, 2016 (Released:2016-01-30)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

2 4

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The castle town cities, Yama-ate and Vista, refer to Donjon, Turret and the surrounding mountain peaks, which provide people perpetually changing views, applying GIS to analyze the actual landscape condition of Murakami city, Niigata. First, It aims to restore the mid-Meiji streets tracing back to the feudal and the Castle, measuring the micro-topography. Second, Classify the streets into four unobstructed views basing upon street patterns and the appearance of objects, and specify the object mountain. Third, Analyze these four by street condition, Object Mountain and topography. The characters of relationship among landscape composition, objects and their locations, can be manifested.

著者

松浦 健治郎 日下部 聡 横田 嘉宏 山口 庸介 浦山 益郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.588, pp.87-94, 2005-02-28 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

4 2

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This paper aims to clarify how to form Civic Center in Castle area in relation to Castle-Towns basis analyzing cases of prefectural capital 17 Cities based on Japanese Castle-Towns from Meiji and Taisho era to the early Showa era. Findings are as follows: 1) Government and municipal offices tended to be dispersed, 2) The whole government and municipal offices tended to be located outside Castle area, but those which formed Civic Center tended to be located inside Castle area, 3) Paying attention to "Class" and "Axis" as space elements of making Castle area, as a result of analyzing relationship between those and Civic Center, we discover various Urban Design method of Civic Center such as Discrimination by locating Prefectural office in the site of the main enclosure of a castle and making identified and symbolic Urban Space by locating government and municipal offices together along moat or skirts of a mountain or main streets.

著者

木村 展子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.499, pp.171-177, 1997

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Temples and shrines constructed by Hideyori are important architecture in Momoyama era. Upon Investigation, 90 temples and shrines proved to be constructed by Hideyori. The situations of the construction are divided into 4 different periods by the political conditions of Hideyori and different situations are found clearly in each areas divided into Yamasiro, Sekkasen, Yamato, and out of Kinki. These difference among periods and areas suggests rule of fiefs is one of the main reason for Hideyori to make such large construction.,

著者

金 〓淑

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.622, pp.245-251, 2007-12-30 (Released:2017-02-25)

被引用文献数

1

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Sudeok-sa's main hall is one of the few specimens of Koryo Dynasty wooden architecture preserved in Korea, and was repaired by Japanese conservation architects from 1937 to 1940. The feature of this repair work was proved as follows: (1) This hall was recognized its high value as a historical building, so architectural historical research accompanied a complete dismantling. (2) The Japanese conservation architects used traditional materials and techniques in Korea. (3) The building was aimed to be back to its original state. In general, the case of Sudeok-sa referred to the ideas and guidelines of Japanese conservation works.

著者

豊島 久乃 斎藤 英俊

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.642, pp.1905-1910, 2009-08-30 (Released:2010-01-18)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

3

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Case study was carried out in a water limited village to evaluate its traditional village cultural landscape from a water environmental point of view. Study result indicated that; 1) Traditional water management structures were carefully developed to make the best use of its given geographical/hydrological feature. 2) These facilities were considered as common assets, thus usage/maintenance rules were strictly followed by the village people. 3) Location of buildings and rice fields in Meiji period had strong relationship with the location of water management structures.As a conclusion, water management structures which utilized its given natural environment have created sustainable water management system together with its usage rules shared among the village people. This traditional water management system regulated land use such as location of buildings and rice fields which are major elements of a village landscape, thus can be concluded as an important factor to create its unique village cultural landscape.

著者

金 炳周

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.654, pp.2021-2028, 2010-08-30 (Released:2010-10-08)

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The Purpose of this paper is to analyze the urban structure of Suwon Hwasung. Using historical document and maps, this paper explains the correlation between urban structure of Hwasung and highroad system in Joseon dynasty. Hwasung was built on the highroad that is Samnamdaero, and pierced with Samnamdaero. As a result, location of castle gates Janganmun and Paldalmun, and form of the main street in Hwasung were related deeply with Samnamdaero. In addition, Station and Commerce building in Hwasung were arranged on Samnamdaero by central axis. Through this paper, it is identified that important character of Hwasung as provincial city in Joseon dynasty of the 18th century.

著者

劉 羽虹

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.765, pp.2407-2415, 2019

被引用文献数

1

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<p> In ancient China, although the changing dynasties frequently, the architecture of "Den" has hardly changed. It is limited to the Emperor's residences. On the other hand, Japan's "Den" is regarding as originated from China, but the meaning of "Den" has changed greatly. Initially, the last word "Den" was limited to the residences of the Emperor's family, which resembles China, but it used in the residences of nobleman as the age declines. The Commons and differences are existing in the way of using "Den" between Japan and China. I would like to clarify the transition process of "Den" in Japan while considering the reason for those differences.</p><p> In this paper, I mainly use historical records and nobility diary 4 books, Nihonkiryaku, Hyakurensyo, Hontyoseiki, Shoyuki. I am conducting surveys by reading whole passages, as it has seen that the last word of the residence changed from "Tei" to "Den", "Den" to "Tei", or mixed use of "Den" and "Tei". So as to clarify the transition process of "Den", I gathered all the descriptions used in "Den" and "Tei" of the residences from historical materials, clarified the actual situation. Following information was revealed about the</p><p> ① The mixed use of "Den" and "Tei" starts in the Emperor ichijyo. Biwatei is the first example. Which is the Michinaga Fujiwara's residence, and serve as the Imperial Palace of Emperor itijou. There is an existence of Michinaga Fujiwara in the mixed background.</p><p> ② Since then, along with the Satoteirika, cases of mixed use of "Den" and "Tei" are increased. Such as Nijou, Kyogoku and Takakura. It is possible that the back of Satoteiri influenced the transformation of "Den".</p><p> ③ The increase in the number of "Den" and "Tei" mixed use is remarkable during the inseiki period. Despite being nyoin and Emperor's father, it uses "Tei" instead of "Den".</p><p> ④ On the other hand, in nobleman's residences and villas outside Heiankyo, "Den" used in place of "Tei". The location may be related to the deviation of the principle.</p><p> ⑤ The percentage of cases where the part that should be marked as "Tei" is larger than the case where the term "Tei" is marked as "Den". Den's transformation is "Den" closed to the "Tei", but we cannot treat them as the same, it will hinge on the content of the articles. This is a big difference from the last word of "Den" in China.</p><p> ⑥ Sanesuke Fujiwara was highly conscious of using "Den" and "Tei". However, did not thoroughly use it. The usage of "Den" runs in a groove.</p><p> The mixed use of "Den" and "Tei" was hit in the Heian period while Emperor itijou, Michinaga's period. The time when Japan's unique culture had developed against the cultures of the Nara period when China's influence was strong. During the period of the inseiki, the increase in mixed use of "Den" "Tei" also estimated as a reflection of urbanization of Heiankyo.</p>

著者

金 貴煥 佐藤 誠治 小林 祐司 姫野 由香 張 天オウ

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.588, pp.95-102, 2005

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 1

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The purpose of this research is to show why consumer chose a centrally located urban shopping center or a suburban shopping center in a city, and using quantitative analysis which present factors influenced the customer's choice. The results show that the majority of shoppers under 20 years old chose the central shopping center because of a variety of factors including service, facilities, merchandise, and convenience of public transportation. On the other hand, those shoppers 30 to 50 years old with families chose the suburban shopping center because of the convenience of shopping by car.

著者

小西 佐枝 青柳 憲昌

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.734, pp.1099-1107, 2017 (Released:2017-04-30)

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In the Siga prefecture, the boundaries of land lots were considered to be based on the Jo-ri grid pattern until disordered by the land consolidation after the World War 2. In previous studies, while many scholars analyzed about the Jo-ri grid pattern, Kenichi Tanaka pointed out that north-south distance of the each grid section was 110.48m and east-west distance was 109.59m in the south area of the Lake Biwa. According to research reports of excavations, Jo-ri grid patterns were rotated 33 degrees to the east from the north in Tokiwa area in Kusatsu city. In the Tokiwa area, there are historical documents such as Land Resister written in the Edo era and Topographic Maps produced in the early Meiji era. Mainly due to the measuring inaccuracies, those topographic maps have distortions, which therefore corrected in this paper by using old maps and aerial photos, creating reconstruction map of the boundaries of land lots in the early Meiji era. In the results, a large part of boundaries of land allotments formed square patterns in the outer field of 11 villages in this district but were disordered inner settlement area, riverside, and lakeside. Particularly, the roads were bent, the shapes of land were irregular inside settlements of villages. The transformation of land boundaries of the land units, Koaza, was analyzed in this paper by comparing the Tensho Land Resister written in 1591 and the Topographic Maps produced in 1873. Both of those documents contain information concerned with land ownership, names of the sections, sizes of lots, names of the landowners. However, the scale is different; 1 "ken" is converted into 6 "shaku" 3 "sun" ( 1 "tan" = 1090.9 square meters ) in the Tensho Land Resister, and 1 "ken" into 6 "shaku" in the Topographic Maps. In the Oroshimo village, it was in the settlement area of villages and its surroundings, namely farm, riverside, and lakeside, that boundaries of sections do not form in the square pattern. In the lakeside, it is said that development of new rice fields were conducted in the Edo era and village area has expanded 50,137 square meters. Also the area of settlement became approximately 4.7 times according to the comparison of two documents mentioned above. Boundaries of land sections seems not based on Jo-ri grid when new field and site were developed. In the Ashiura village, the boundaries of units were matched to the ancient Jo-ri grid when the Tensho Land Resister was written more than when the topographic map was produced in the Meiji era, especially inner part of settlement area. The size of settlement was approximately 17,560 square maters in the Tensho Land Resister, whereas 65,852 square meters in the topographic map. It is assumed that the transformations and distortions of the former grid boundaries inner villages and the surroundings were caused by enlargement of the settlement area. Historical documents indicates that area reductions or unifications of land section occurred according to the expansion of settlements.

著者

角 哲 角 幸博 石本 正明

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.577, pp.173-179, 2004-03-30 (Released:2017-02-09)

参考文献数

15

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This paper examines nine company's residential areas of Oji Paper Co. Ltd. in KARAFUTO (present southern Sakhalin). About each area, it carried out under explanation with the viewpoint of development circumstances, site planning, housing, and welfare buildings. Those company's residential areas are classified as an urbanized type and a remote district type. However it had same components and construction in domestics, because both had the purpose of recruiting employees in KARAFUTO where was developed on large scale after 1905. It had gradually changed into intentional site planning and improved habitability, especially in Showa era. As measureres against fire prevention of dwellings, massive firewalls and R.C. apartment houses were constructed. Housings and welfare buildings provided city-amenities for employees in KARAFUTO.

著者

窪田 亜矢

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.705, pp.2443-2452, 2014-11-30 (Released:2014-11-30)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2 5

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Sawara is a mercantile historic city at watery environment along the Tone River, which had been flourished from Edo era to the middle of Showa Era. Some parts of it have been designated as cultural property, namely a preservation district for a group of historic buildings. Through minute interviews of local people, the memory-evoking framework of Sawara is clarified. It consists of four conditions, 1) disappearance, 2) surviving figure, 3) inherited use, and 4) correspondence of memory and historicity. The memory-evoking framework and the system of historic value are very similar to but different each other. The local community can imagine how the life was in their habitat just by touching their surroundings. Not just the historic environment that is already put in the formal preservation system, but also the fabrics with collective memories of local people are important to succeed the meaning of its lived environment.

著者

石丸 紀興 李 明 岡河 貢

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.557, pp.339-345, 2002-07-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 4

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The activities of Kenzo Tange and their contribution to the reconstruction of Hiroshima in the period right after the war is studied in this paper. It is well known that lots of discussion about Kenzo Tange can be found so far beginning from the Peace Park of Hiroshima. Most of those discussions about Kenzo Tange were introducing his respective works or analyzing his design from a view point of the context of the history of architecture of Japan or the world. The architectural activities of Kenzo Tange in the period of reconstruction of Hiroshima are studied in this research, and not from view point of Japan or the world, his contribution to proposition of reconstruction plan and design activities is discussed considering the development of the reconstruction in that period. As the first one of a serial research, more detailed discussion about the land use plan proposed by Kenzo Tange is performed in this paper based on investigation of the literatures. Firstly, the decision process of the reconstruction plan of Hiroshima is studied and some confirmation and complementation about the contribution of Kenzo Tange to this plan are presented. Secondly, as for the discussion about the proposition of Kenzo Tange to the reconstruction plan, his contribution to the Functional Area Principle is studied.

著者

若山 滋 今枝 菜穂 夏目 欣昇

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.626, pp.875-881, 2008-04-30 (Released:2008-08-20)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

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This paper discusses architectural space in the movies of German expressionism. German expressionism was a trend of art that existed in German during the early 20th century. This art movement did not have clear order of artistic activities like the Italian Futurism, but was mainly involved with the expression of the inner mind of artists. This trend of art can be seen in the movies of that period. The architecture that appears in those movies reflects form expression by the architects of that time.In this research, we clarified the mode of space expression in the movies by analyzing the form and characteristics of architectural space that appear in the post first world war movies.Our results showed that large space, architectural forms and daily commodities were used in space expression.This mode of space expression played the role of emphasizing the anxiety and the opposition that people had for the society at that time.

著者

山田 幸正

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.482, pp.199-210, 1996

被引用文献数

1 2

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This paper refers to a few observations on plan and structure of the funduqs in the Medina of Fez, reporting some results based on a field survey in July and August, 1988. Paying attention to their forms composing the courtyard-facade, 63 existent funduqs can be classified five architectural typos as follows : (1) Gallery type ; with colonnaded galleries surrounding the courtyard on the second and third floors, (2) Terrace type ; with open-terraced passageway around the courtyard on the second floor. (3) Composite typo ; with colonnaded gallery on the second floor and open-torraced passageway on the third floor, (4) Wall type ; having neither the gallery nor the terrace on the upper floors, the wall facing the. courtyard, (5) One-story type ; having no upper floor. It is the Gallery type (33 examples) that characteristic of funduqs in Fez. Two-story gallery type is simpler in design and more practical in use. Three-story gallery type might assume a significant function, distinguished from the others.