著者

高屋 麻里子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.607, pp.157-162, 2006-09-30 (Released:2017-02-17)

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In the 16th to 17th century, there appeared the Sankai-gura, three-storied slim shape plastered storehouse (Dozo), in the city illustrations. A detailed comparative study of those illustrations revealed a similarity on roof structure between plastered storehouses, town houses and also early modern age castles. As I studied the plastered storehouse development, the Sankai-gura was evolved from interior store rooms in townhouses to independent exterior structures. This independence became one of a force to modify the city planning in middle age to early modern age.

著者

長谷川 豪 塚本 由晴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.673, pp.733-738, 2012

被引用文献数

1

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The aim of this study is to clarify the expression of measure comparing quantity in contemporary architecture. This expression is making comparison with the difference of quantity in each part of space in architecture by arrangement of building elements like a roof, wall, floor and ceiling. In this study, architectural plan and section are analyzed as several types of graph to examine the relationship between arrangement of building elements and measure. As a result, 12 types are defined by the combination of several types of graph. Finally, the form is revealed that the expression of measurement comparing the quantity bring the diversity and complexity to the network of identity and difference by arrangement of building elements in contemporary architecture.

著者

岡村 航太 小川 次郎 坂本 一成

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.552, pp.141-146, 2002

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

2 9

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The aim of this study is to clarify the spatial composition of contemporary Japanese urban houses in terms of relations between interior rooms and exterior rooms. Exterior rooms are defined as exterior space limited by architectual compositional elements. First relations between fellow exterior rooms are analyzed in two levels of composition: arrangement and connection of fellow exterior rooms. Secondly relations between interior rooms and exterior rooms are analyzed in two levels of composition: arrangement and connection of interior rooms and exterior rooms. Then we found 13 types of comnosition. Comparing every type, characters of composilion are clarified From these considerations, we found that expression of composition, which network interior rooms and exterior rooms in three dimensions, formed in contemporary Japanese urban houses.

著者

宗 健

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.737, pp.1775-1781, 2017 (Released:2017-07-30)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2 8

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This study aims to validate the vacancy rate and number of vacant houses in the Housing and Land survey. Determining the actual vacancy rate and numbers of vacant houses contributes significantly to housing policy. No preceding research has been conducted with the same aim. The research method is as follows. 1. Confirm the vacancy survey method utilized by the Housing and Land survey. 2. Compare the results of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism vacancy survey and Housing and Land survey. 3. Compare the results of the house vacancy survey by municipality and Housing and Land survey. 4. Compare vacancy rates obtained using the number of census households and from the results of Housing and Land survey. 5. Compare the results of the vacancy rate using the SUUMO-ZENRIN data for Tokyo's 23 wards and Housing and Land survey. Based on these results, the validity of the vacancy rate and number of vacant houses in the residential land survey is examined. The results of the research are as follows. 1. The vacancy survey method of Housing and Land survey relies on a visual inspection overview. 2. The vacancy rate in the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transportation and Tourism's vacancy survey (6.7-8.9%) is lower than that in Housing and Land survey (over 10%). The Ministry's vacancy survey stated that visual inspection is an inaccurate survey method. 3. The vacancy rate in the municipality's vacancy survey (1.6-7.4%) is lower than that in Housing and Land survey (10.3-14.6%). Most municipal vacancy surveys are conducted for all houses (Table 1). 4. The vacancy rate obtained using the census household number (2008: 10.0%) is lower than that in Housing and Land survey (2010: 13.9%) (Fig. 1). 5. The vacancy rate using the SUUMO-ZENRIN data (6.9%) is lower than that in Housing and Land survey (12.3%) (Fig. 2). - The SUUMO data cover 80% of the common housing residences in Tokyo's 23 wards (Table 2). - In Tokyo metropolitan area, the vacancy rate of housing with an area less than 25 square meters is high (12.2%) (Table 3). - In Tokyo metropolitan area, the vacancy rate of houses built after 1996 is high (10.1%) (Table 3). The conclusions are as follows. 1. The vacancy rate in Housing and Land survey is likely to be exaggerated. 2. The actual vacancy rate is likely to be 10% or less. 3. The actual number of vacant houses is likely to be 4-5 million. Future tasks are as follows: 1. To find an appropriate vacancy rate for each area. 2. To find a simple and accurate method of identifying vacant houses.

著者

山田 協太 前田 昌弘 村上 和 布野 修司

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.607, pp.71-78, 2006

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1 2

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This paper intends to clarify block formation and house types of Wolvendaal, Colombo, Sri Lanka, and analyze their transformation process. The research on which this paper is based is the further study of the project called 'Field Research on Origin, Transformation, Conversion and Conservation of Urban Space of Colonial Cities', which the major targets are Dutch colonial cities all over the world. Further to this project, comparing colonial cities in South Asia, in terms of spatial formation and transformation is the ambitious objective of this research. Another purpose is to elucidate the Dutch way of houses construction in their colonial cities, where in Wolvendaal, Dutch developed the form of town houses for high-density living. Colombo was once a head quarter of Ceylon, one of five administrative districts laid by Dutch on South Asia. Wolfendaal also played an important role in British colonial period when the city experienced rapid growth. At present, there still holds numerous town houses. This paper clarifies the spatial organization of Wolvendaal, by analyzing the distribution pattern of its facilities and block formation, based on field surveys. At the last chapter, the paper focuses on house types of Wolvendaal identified according to their physical features and planning parameters, while the transformation process of these house types are discussed as well. This paper suggests that Dutch colonial town houses still playing an important role in the organization of special formation of Wolvendaal.

著者

佐々木 啓 森中 康彰 能作 文徳 塚本 由晴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.712, pp.1453-1461, 2015

被引用文献数

1

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 The aim of this study is to clarify the composition of “townhouse type” architecture by articulation and integration of depth. Townhouse type is defined as the house on the site with frontage narrower than depth. At first, we define “vertical void” as the atrium and garden that is what to bring wind and light into the interior space. The compositional forms of townhouse type are defined through the combination of position of vertical void, handling of lighting surface and staircase in the vertical void. As a result, it is revealed that the articulation and integration of depth in compositional form of townhouse is generated by four stage of differentiation, which are established in containment relationship of concentric.

著者

能作 文徳 坂根 みなほ 塚本 由晴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.661, pp.711-717, 2011

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The aim of this study is to clarify the rhetoric of composition on open bedrooms in Japanese contemporary houses. Continuity of spaces including open bedrooms is more complex because of the necessity of privacy and time-sharing. Thus new relationships emerge from the conflict of spatial continuity within private space. In this study, the compositional characters of open bedrooms are analyzed in terms of certain components: articulation, transparency, circulation, and relation to architectural elements. As a result, compositional patterns are defined by the combination of these components of the open bedrooms. Finally, the rhetoric of composition is revealed from overlapping of programmatic distinction and spatial contrast in the continuity of the common and bedroom areas.

著者

藤村 龍至 佐々木 啓 塚本 由晴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.630, pp.1819-1824, 2008-08-30

参考文献数

2

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In this paper, the relationship between building typology and fragmental urban morphology viewed from building front of corner as a common condition covered over Shimo-kitazawa is clarified in order to find out the physical order of the district well known for its complexed and intimate atmosphere. In the first half part, the typology of the corner buildings is led by considering the relationship between building element and volume, and the way how the buildings respond to the corner is clarified. In the latter half part, the conbinations of the corner buildings' type are examined in each corner. As a result, it does not seems that the same type of corner buildings stand next each other, however, linguistic rules such as elements and volumes shared by corner buildings in the district work better to know the relationship between buildings and urbanmorphologies in contemporary fluid urban context.

著者

脇田 祥尚

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集

巻号頁・発行日

no.660, 2011-02

著者

丸山 俊明

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.651, pp.1225-1230, 2010

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The first Juraku-tyo was the first castle town where was built along with Jurakudai in Tensyo 14-18 (1586-90).<br>Toyotomi government assembled the wealthy commonalty and ordered to inhabit in Juraku-tyo. The row houses were formed by intention of government and the financial power of commonalty. This paper is intended as an investigation of the row houses, which were found out in &ldquo;Gosyo-sandai-Jurakudai-Gyoukou Screen&rdquo;. It is clear that Toyotomi government intended to complete the row two-storied houses, which made the same eaves height.

著者

宮内 杏里 山本 直彦 増井 正哉 田中 麻里 パント モハン 濱岡 飛鳥 向井 洋一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.731, pp.93-103, 2017

被引用文献数

2

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&nbsp;This paper aims to discuss the areal extent and spatial structure of neighborhood, called <i>tol</i>, which possibly demarcate urban fabric with respect to worship and funeral procedure. Bhaktapur is known as one of the historic cities of the World Heritage Site in Kathmandu Valley. The analysis focuses on the house distributions that have the common votary area of the guardian deities' shrine and the use of the same crossing for funeral procedure.<br>&nbsp;A <i>tol</i> is one of the traditional neighborhood units. But it is not clear how <i>tols</i> are structured and what <i>tols</i> have in common. First, we take a look into the existing studies on origin and outline of a <i>tol</i>, and pay special attention to the following two studies. A research done by Pant (2001) has taken the approach that the key to consider a <i>tol</i> is the areal extent of worship to the guardian deities, <i>ganesh</i>. Another research done by Gutschow (1975) has claimed that the clue to determine <i>tol</i> boundaries is the ways of the Dead to crematories. It consider a <i>tol</i> as equivalent to the areal extent of use of the same <i>chwasa</i> which is a stone found often at the crossings on the way to crematories from the diseased houses.<br>&nbsp;<i>Ganesh</i> is often considered as a guardian deity at various neighborhood levels. That of a <i>tol</i> is called Tol Ganesh. A Tol Ganesh is normally placed on the main square in a <i>tol</i>, except when there is a presence of a more prominent deity of wider importance in the main square. People in the same <i>tol</i> usually worship the same Tol Ganesh. We find out that those living urban dwellings in located on both sides of a street worship to the same Tol Ganesh, but the depth of its areal extent on one side of a street seems shallow than the other side.<br>&nbsp;<i>Chwasa</i> is an aniconic ritual artifact made of a single stone placed on the crossing. Various articles left by the diseased are disposed on the stone as a part of the funeral procedures, for example clothes, umbilical cord or inauspicious belongings of the dead. We found 7 <i>chwasas</i> in the case-study area to the east of Dattatraya square. However the inhabitants in the peripheral part of the old city do not use these <i>chwasas</i> but use the temples or the crematories outside the city area. People living in the midst of the city area after disposing articles of the dead on <i>chvasa</i> also use the temples afterwards.<br>&nbsp;Next we compare the areal extent of worship to Tol Ganesh with that of use of <i>chwasa</i>. Whether or not a <i>ganesh</i> shrine and <i>chwasa</i> are closely placed will determines overlapping extent of both votary areas. However it became clear that the areal extent of use of <i>chwasa</i> have the same character with that of worship to Tol Ganesh in terms of <i>Ryogawa-cho</i> structure explained below and the difference in horizontal depth perpendicular to the street.<br>&nbsp;Finally, our suevey located <i>tol</i> boundaries in the eastern part of Bhaktapur. It turned out that there were 2 types of <i>tol</i> boundaries. i.e. the more common type whose boundaries lying on the backside of houses (<i>Ryogawa-cho</i> type), and the other one with boundaries lying on the street (<i>Katagawa-cho</i> type). Compering these three boundaries, (Tol Ganesh, <i>chwasa</i> and <i>tol</i>), <i>Katagawa-cho</i> type <i>tol</i> boundaries seem to be an exception. But we will try to find particular meaning in them in the next paper on historic urban formation.

著者

笠原 一人

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.649, pp.727-736, 2010

被引用文献数

2

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This Paper examines the Architectural works and activities of Isaburo Ueno. He went to Berlin and Wien to study architecture in 1920's after graduated from Waseda Univ. in Tokyo. He worked at Josef Hofmann's studio, and got married with a Wiener Werkst&auml;tte designer Felice Lizzi Rix. After he came back to Japan, he established his own architectural studio. He founded 'The International Architectural Association of Japan' in 1927, and became the chairman of the association. He designed architectures based on modernism, while he applied some ornaments on his works. That ornaments designed by his wife Lizzi, as the collaborationist. Then after World War II, he devote to education of architecture and design.

著者

四ヶ所 高志 塩崎 太伸 奥山 信一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.684, pp.355-364, 2013-02-28 (Released:2013-05-31)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

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The piloti, elevating the building above ground, is one of the most characteristic modernist structural types. This element also has spatial implications, as recognized by Le Corbusier's “Five Points” and exemplified in his “Villa Savoye (1928-31)”. After World War II a number of such houses made their appearance in Japan. Here we aim to illustrate and examine how Japanese architects of the time extrapolated a design theme from this model, based on a study of such work as it appeared in architectural publications. Initially, two aspects of the piloti concept were selected, and each scheme was then subjected to a “KJ-method” analysis (originated by KAWAKITA Jiro). First, we scrutinized the architect's intention in adopting a piloti scheme. Secondly, we attempted to assess each architect's distinct view of the spatial character of the prototype, as exemplified in his deployment of the piloti model. At this point, the composition of each house was assessed with regard to two aspects involving the relationship between building and ground, namely the interrelation of building to site and to its natural gradation. Finally, the mediation between each architect's thinking and the final composition has been plotted in terms of this dual classification.

著者

苅谷 哲朗

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.582, pp.201-208, 2004-08-30 (Released:2017-02-09)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2 3

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The purpose of this paper is to study by the hierarchical structure method with golden section for architectural elevations by Kenzo Tange. In case of many of his works of Kenzo Tange, people will find golden section on them. He requests his staffs to make models from the early stage of the design, and check the design and proportion quite repeatedly. Model makings are at the beginning in 1:500 scale, next in 1:200 scale, then in 1:50 scale , in 1:10 scale etc.. At each stages the. Frameworks of each scales are decided by him and by his old staffs. Therefore even if observers feel there is no les traces regulateurs or no modulor in the'design process in front of Kenzo Tange, golden section is gradually decided through the feed back process.

著者

真木 利江 新畑 朋子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.748, pp.1117-1125, 2018 (Released:2018-06-30)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1

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This paper aims to clarify the transition and the characteristics of the landscape design by Kenzo Tange in Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park through investigation of the drawings and the descriptions of the park published in magazines and collections of his works, and the historical materials owned by the Hiroshima City Archives. Tange's plan, proposed in the architectural design competition held in 1949, is very famous for the idea that the principle axis oriented north and south through the park crosses at right angles with the axis oriented east and west along Peace Boulevard. Both the Peace Arch and the piloti of the Peace Memorial Museum open onto the north-south axis and divide the expanse from the Peace Boulevard to the Atomic Bomb Dome into 3 parts (forecourt, the Peace Square, and the area of memorial trees). The A-Bomb Dome appears as the focal point in the view along the axis. The creation of monumentality with an invisible axis not depending on massive objects in the park is esteemed as his original and excellent design. His design work continued from 1949 to 1955 when the construction had finished, and in the 1970's he proposed a new plan to solve problems which had been caused by postwar shortages in the supply of construction materials. We examined the proposals he made in each period, focusing on the treatment of the principal axis and how the park was designed to both commemorate the victims of atomic bomb and promote peace. His plan, drawn in 1949, included a detailed landscape design. The Peace Square was covered with turf and the memorial trees, planted in a grid, were pruned cypresses. The central hourglass shaped stretch was flanked by evergreen trees on the eastern and western parts of the stretch. There were also several paths lined with deciduous trees or pine trees along the river. The original plan for the Memorial Arch was cancelled and the Memorial Cenotaph designed by Tange was aligned to frame the A-Bomb Dome in 1952. The plan drawn in 1952 shows long and narrow flowerbeds on the principal axis in the northern part. Tange's original plan for a grid of memorial cypress trees was not realized when the planting was eventually carried out. In the 1960's the Peace Flame and the Peace Pond were aligned on the axis to the north of the cenotaph. In the 1970's, Tange proposed some ideas to improve the park. The primary idea was to pave the whole hourglass stretch with stones to show the atomic bombed town map as it had been at the time of the bombing. He also presented the idea to extend the Peace Pond to the river. Regarding the principal axis, we clarified that the concept of the invisible axis became obscure when the cenotaph was built. The concept in his 1970's proposal indicated that the initial idea of an invisible axis was realized in southern part of the park and on the other hand the visible axis was distinctly shown as the extended Peace Pond. Regarding the function of the park to promote peace, we clarified that the original plan called for different purposes for the northern and southern parts of the park: The northern part was to commemorate the victims whereas the southern part would promote peace, but these separated functions overlapped in an unrealized redesign proposal which would have put markers indicating property boundaries of the obliterated buildings that had previously stood in the center of the park, and also in the view from the cenotaph.

著者

西應 浩司 松原 斎樹 森田 孝夫 宮岸 幸正 阪田 弘一 藏澄 美仁

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.554, pp.219-225, 2002-04-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study summarizes the results of a psychological experiment conducted in order to assess continuous recognition of street layout based on the dominant hemisphere of the brain. The experiment was conducted in two areas : one with a grid-shaped street pattern and another with an irregular pattern of winding streets. Subjects were asked to memorize route by studying a computer-animated simulation and walk the route by themselves. Originally the experiment included 18 right-dominant and 21 left-dominant. Analyzing questionnaire and errors in the cognitive maps, the right-dominant used more spatial expression than the left-dominant. However, there was no difference between both types in the number of completion of walking the route and drawing the cognitive maps.

著者

番場 美恵子 竹田 喜美子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.592, pp.25-31, 2005

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

7 2

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The purpose of this study is, as the elderly living in urban housing complex is the subject of this study, to reveal the change of their living activities and the process of transition. As a conclusion, not only the ko (=individual life style) is expanded in the elderly period, but also it observed the change of their ko centered living activities As they get more older, the identity is established and ko becomes the center of their lives. The important thing is actively inviting kyaku (=the guests to their lives) and having a balance between ko and kyaku in their lives.

著者

増永 理彦 富樫 頴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.549, pp.247-252, 2001

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

4 2

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The aim of this paper is to survey sharing or separating of bedrooms among elderly couples living in housings rented by UDC. The conclusion is as follows : 1 On the choice of bedrooms, the 43 couples share their bedrooms and the 47 don't share among the 90 elderly households. This choice of sleeping style is influenced not only by the size and number of bedrooms but also by the floor space of the housing units 2 The factors in making the choice include the availability of "Japanese style rooms" "rooms with Japanese style sliding door closet", "calmness", and so on. 3 The majority of the couples surveyed usually use Japanese style futon for sleeping, whereas western style beds are used more requently in larger housing units.

著者

沢田 知子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.547, pp.95-102, 2001

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

12 9

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The study will propose designing dwellings to support and enrich the elderly and aged people. This study reports on a survey on the condoiiniui houses built about 20 years ago. In the survey, some characteristics of life style and way of living for their generation. In the parti, main findings are as follows. Characteristics are discussed; the increase of smaller dweller for aging after the separation of children; the increase of stay at home and that of accompany of wife and husband; the active hobby life, as the life style and way of living; the change of closed to open door of children's rooms; the change to separate sleeping of the couple.

著者

池 浩三

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.537, pp.265-273, 2000

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

1

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The suggestion that the logic and details of the Doric order was copied from earlier wooden construction is open to question because some scholars reject it as invalid hypothesises. Thus, this paper tries to interpret the meaning of the Doric elements from the mythological or philosophical point of view and confirms that the symbolism of the Parthenon is implied in the correspondence between the forms and their colours. A restored model (scale: 1/10) of the north-west corner of the Parthenon was manufactured as an effective method to understand such reality of the polychromy.