著者

初田 香成 村上 しほり 石榑 督和

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.733, pp.805-815, 2017 (Released:2017-03-30)

被引用文献数

1

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This paper aims to describe the nationwide formation and spread of Yami-ichi (black market) after World War II and government's involvements in their processes. Then it tries to regard yami-ichi as a kind of universal activity of city more than extraordinary experiences through the grasp of nationwide cases and trace the various process of developments. We have overviewed the nationwide municipal histories of 100 cities which had a population of more than 45,000 people out of 210 municipalized cities in 1940 for this purpose. The existence of Yami-ichi can be identified at least 99 of 100 cities. Firstly, Yami-ichi existed at almost all of the cities with more than 45,000 people. They were very various in the point of name, location in the city and those organizers, and their spatial form could be marshaled as three-step model in chronological order. The time lags of the emergences of nationwide Yami-ichi shows the possibility of the indirect propagation more than natural generation in each cities. Though the famous cases of big cities have tended to be covered in previous study, this paper could trace the nationwide and various cases. Also though the violent cases around the terminal station in Tokyo have tended to be covered, this paper could trace familiar and common cases in every 23 wards including the suburbs. Secondly, various types of involvements made by GHQ and governments were clarified. They got involved with all of the process such as not only crackdown but also installation for their selves from the birth to death of Yami-ichi, and their types and level of involvements were very various. We are going to advance the research about the characteristic cases which were shown in this study in the future. Also expanding the survey to the cities which had a population of less than 45, 000 people could be found. The formation of Yami-ichi seemed to need a certain level of population and the hinterland. So we are thinking that we can clarify the forming conditions of Yami-ichi and their critical points by finding the city where Yami-ichi couldn't form and examining the conditions of them.

著者

山崎 鯛介

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.664, pp.1171-1178, 2011-06-30 (Released:2011-11-16)

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Delving the history of foghorn buildings in Japan, this paper shows that most of them were built on the cape of Hokkaido and Tohoku area between 1879 and 1932, and their construction materials were changed from steel in Meiji period to concrete in Taisho period. In the Meiji period, they were designed as a rectangular room with a vaulted roof and all made of steel panels. The Inubosaki's foghorn building is the latest, largest, and well-designed one of them. It is also the last one in existence, therefore it is now having a new value as a cultural asset.

著者

森田 椋也 後藤 春彦 山崎 義人 野田 満

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.730, pp.2731-2740, 2016

被引用文献数

1

---

&nbsp;The aim of this paper is to clarify the reality of the reviving of shrine ritual in order not only to rethink ongoing projects implemented under the word &ldquo;Earthquake Disaster Reconstruction&rdquo; but to think post-earthquake rebuilding of town in future tsunami-prone areas.<br>&nbsp;The results are the following:<br>&nbsp;(1) Damage and Post-Earthquake Movement of the Shrines Hit by Tsunami:<br>&nbsp;Most of the shrines hit by tsunami have been rebuilt or rehabilitated by the time of the survey. In some cases, the shrines got support from outside.<br>&nbsp;(2) Relationship between Shrine Rituals and Folk Cultural Assets in Yamada-Town:<br>&nbsp;In Yamada-town, the shrines play an important role in sustaining the folk cultural assets.<br>&nbsp;(3) Movement of Ohsugi Shrine Annual Festival Before and After the Earthquake:<br>&nbsp;Ohsugi shrine has been rebuilt until two years after the earthquake. After further a year, the annual festival was held with the traditional content.<br>&nbsp;(4) Processes and Problems of Reviving of the Groups of Folk Performing Artists:<br>&nbsp;Most of the groups of folk performing artists participated in Yamada Festival a half year after the earthquake, and have finished getting an almost full set of equipment until four years after the earthquake, the time of the survey.<br>&nbsp;(5) Processes and Problems of Reviving of the Group of Mikoshi Bearers:<br>&nbsp;The group of mikoshi bearers was reorganized for its reviving a year and a half after the earthquake. After further two years, it participated in Yamada Festival in the traditional format once again. When the group of mikoshi bearers was reorganized, the chief priest of Ohsugi shrine became the top adviser of it. Carrying mikoshi in the annual festival is not the same as before in several points because rebuilding of dwelling environment is not going along smoothly.<br>&nbsp;(6) Relationship between the Rebuilding of Town and the Reviving of Shrine Ritual in Yamada-Town:<br>&nbsp;The rebuilding of dwelling environment and the industrial recovery reached major milestones at almost the same time as the reviving of shrine ritual. The buildings for the sake of industrial recovery have been used as bases of the group of folk performing artists and the group of mikoshi bearers.<br>&nbsp;We consider that disaster victims could feel that Reconstruction is going along if annual events were held with the traditional content without suspension. In that sense, it can be said important to hold annual festivals with the possibly same content as before the earthquake since the early stage of rebuilding of town. Although restoring and carrying Mikoshi require a high amount of funds, we infer that support for reviving should be provided as soon after earthquake as possible. Besides, we found that it is especially necessary to make a point for each group to get bases commensurate with its size in likely place.<br>&nbsp;We also argue the importance of the role played by the chief priest of shrine in rebuilding and sustaining of town to contribute to sustaining the groups of folk performing artists, the group of mikoshi bearers and therefore the community based on above-referenced groups.<br>&nbsp;Interestingly, the reviving of shrine ritual reached major milestones to coincide with the shifts of dwelling environment from shelter to temporary housing, or from temporary housing to disaster public housing.<br>&nbsp;Not only in Yamada-town but in general reconstruction, it is hoped that as well as being a memorial for victims of the disaster, shrine ritual would be revived while linking it organically to rebuilding of dwelling environment and industrial recovery to which it is indivisibly related.

著者

十亀 昭人 古谷 寛

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.527, pp.149-154, 2000-01-30 (Released:2017-02-03)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1 3

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A concept of cylindrical deployable space structures is proposed in this paper. Two types of cylindrical deployable space structures which can deploy both axial and radius directions simultaneously are investigated. One is the mirror symmetric type, and the other is the rotationally symmetric one. The basic formulas for the geometry are derived to examine the deployment and packaging characteristics. Non-dimensional width (W/R_0), packaged radius (R/R_0), and angle of apex (θ) are expressed in terms of the geometrical parameters. The feasibility for some applications with the cylindrical deployable "space structures is examined for space development. Finally, this study has shown that the concept is available for the requirements of deployable space structures.

著者

塚野 路哉 千代 章一郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.735, pp.1239-1246, 2017 (Released:2017-05-30)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

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The influence of Le Corbusier (1887-1965) upon the architectural works of Kunio Mayekawa (1905-1986) has often been recognized in studies. Moreover, Mayekawa himself mentioned that he had been influenced by “Dom-ino (1914)” as Le Corbusier insisted. Having said that, among the “5 points of modern architecture (Les 5 points d'une architecture nouvelle, 1929)” reflected in principle by Dom-ino, only the roof garden was continued by Mayekawa throughout his design activities. If the roof garden in Mayekawa Kunio's works is the only method borrowed from Le Corbusier before, during, and after the war, we can obtain a new idea regarding the construction theory of Kunio Mayekawa by clarifying how Le Corbusier influenced his use of this element. I have used the drawing material and anthologies of Mayekawa Associates Architects & Engineers as my primary sources concerning the works of Mayekawa. I have considered the roof gardens included in Mayekawa's works from these primary materials, classified them into four periods based on existing studies, and thus understood each outline by period (Chapter 2). Next, I have analyzed the elements of the roof garden, upon which Kunio Mayekawa particularly focused at the influence of Villa Savoye (1932) and Unité d'Habitation de Marseille (1952), based upon the drawings and photographs by Kunio Mayekawa (Chapter 3). In addition, I have analyzed the influence of Le Corbusier upon Mayekawa's roof garden by considering the differences between, and similarity to, Mayekawa's roof garden and his interpretation of that of Le Corbusier (Chapter 4). As a result, I have clarified the following two aspects of Le Corbusier's influence upon Mayekawa's roof garden. 1. Mayekawa continued to focus upon Le Corbusier's roof garden in his works and used those designs in Japan as a solution to the problems faced by society. In fact, Mayekawa's roof gardens have been compared to the works of Le Corbusier, each of which Mayekawa had visited. Mayekawa's roof garden can be explained by its relation to the Villa Savoye (1932) or Unité d'Habitation de Marseille (1952). 2. Kunio Mayekawa's acceptance of Le Corbusier's roof garden showed particularly after World War II. In the first period after the war, Mayekawa referred to the style of the composition's elements established in the roof garden of Villa Savoye directly. In the second period after the war, he applied the organic style of the composition elements arranged in the roof garden of Unité d'Habitation de Marseille by abstracting it and making it geometric. In the third period after the war, by applying the relation between a hanging garden and a roof garden at the Villa Savoye to his own roof garden, he added visual indoor-outdoor continuity, as well as a strolling pathway to a roof garden in public buildings. Therefore, Kunio Mayekawa kept his eye upon Le Corbusier's work (which he experienced himself) in the creation of his roof gardens, regardless of whether he referred to their shape. Moreover, Kunio Mayekawa applied the elements that referenced spatial composition rather than referencing forms as he entered the late stage of his career.

著者

瀬口 哲夫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.651, pp.1263-1272, 2010-05-30 (Released:2010-07-26)

被引用文献数

2

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This paper deals with Architect Kichijirou NISHIHARA and reveals his biographies and his architectural works. He was born in 1868 and graduated the Technical College in Tokyo. His career is divided four stages as follows.(1) He gained architectural experiences by practice at the site of the Prince Fusiminomiya house etc as an assistant and a draftsman. (2)(3) He became a staff of the building section of the prefectural office such as Fukuoka and Aichi. His role was quite big as an In-house architect. (4) After resignation from the Aichi prefectural office he set up the first architectural design office in Nagoya in 1917. He designed many buildings for local people.

著者

金城 春野 小倉 暢之

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.750, pp.1533-1542, 2018

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&nbsp;Hisao Nakaza was one of a handful of architects who contributed to building activities in Okinawa before, during, and after the Second World War. He engaged in the post-war recovery construction in the forefront immediately after the war, and later served as the first president of the Okinawa Society of Architects & Building Engineers (O.S.A.B.E.). Nakaza was a pioneer who represented Okinawan architectural society in the early post-war period.<br>&nbsp;This study defines the period before 1960 as the dawn of concrete house popularization in Okinawa and aims to clarify the aspects of the development of architecture in Okinawa during this period, examining the architectural activity of Hisao Nakaza, who played a leading role in laying the foundation for the spread of concrete buildings. Results obtained from each section are as follows:<br>&nbsp;1) Nakaza was engaged in the public construction work in Okinawa before the war. That experience correlated to his active involvement of public work of American Army immediately after the war and he obtained advanced technologies. He employed masonry construction methods, utilizing local materials from 1950 to 1953 when material procurement and factory equipment were incomplete for the Reinforced-Concrete (RC) building. After 1954, he made the most of the properties of RC building, which made free form possible and also designs were changed. He was also devoted to designing activities and writing activities for magazines and newspapers and enlightened people on the dissemination of non-wooden buildings.<br>&nbsp;2) During his tenure as the President of the O.S.A.B.E., Nakaza organized discussion meetings of engineers and competitions of farm house design. Discussion meetings promoted the common consciousness of the dissemination of concrete housing among the engineers. Competitions nurtured young architects and at the same time offered the opportunities to make people known a new image of farmers' housing. Furthermore, interactions between Japanese and American engineers staying in Okinawa through meeting led to the publication of booklets about rural houses. In addition, requirements for concrete housing suitable for the land and climate were presented. Furthermore, financing facilities and tax system revisions for the establishment of concrete buildings were requested to government.<br>&nbsp;3) In the development of housing design, starting from 1949, masonry construction was performed for two years. After stone building and brick building were examined, non-wooden building was fulfilled. Concrete block (CB) building was introduced to build plumbing water parts of wooden houses around 1955, which improves durability, sanitation and handiness. CB building was frequently employed between 1952 and the beginning of 1955, which were designed by taking into consideration the climate features of the region from the beginning of the first introduction. The farmer house model of CB building was opened to the public and earned a great response. Finally, RC building entered the mainstream in 1956. At the same time, screen blocks were created and frequently utilized. The shape of screen blocks was contrived where both usability and exquisite design were found for the subtropical climate of Okinawa.<br>&nbsp;As stated above, Hisao Nakaza was dedicated to the activities of the dissemination of concrete housing in diversified fields such as technical aspect (design), publicity (writing to enlighten people) finance (request for the support of financial policies) and education (cultivate architect at O.S.A.B.E).<br>&nbsp;This study examined the process of Okinawan architecture after the war and revealed that the history of modernization was based on not only the unilateral receiving of advanced technology under military occupation but also the initiative struggle of the local architect, Nakaza, with roots in the region of Okinawa.

著者

菅原 正則 梅干野 晁 佐藤 絵里 作間 秀樹

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.499, pp.43-48, 1997

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

8 4

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We proposed a "Breathing Wall," a climate-conscious architectural member with multi-airlayered body constructed of aluminum foil sheets having many fine circular perforating holes installed in the wood panel, in order to be used in a passive ventilation system designed for a temperate and humid climate region. One-dimensional numerical simulation model of the horizontally situated "Breathing Wall" was constructed considering simultaneous transfer of heat, air, and moisture, based on available/obtained data. The numerical simulation, obtaining the result fitting our experimental data, was found to reproduce characteristic phenomena in a steady state inside the "Breathing Wall."

著者

青木 義次 湯浅 義晴 大佛 俊泰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.457, pp.125-132, 1994-03-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

13 24

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According to the Heider's theory on a human relation and an object, the good relation between two habitants is achieved when their evaluations to commodity are same. This theoretical assertion is accepted by the results of the surveys on the extensions of private commodities in alley-space. Also, the results show that the possibility of the occurrence of good relation between habitants is high in the open type alley-space in which the amount of the extensions of commodities is large compared with the closed type alley.

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.745, pp.609, 2018 (Released:2018-03-30)

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著 者 坪山幸王、佐藤信治 表 題 水族館の観覧空間における展示水槽・展示物に対する入館者の観覧行動に関する研究 掲載誌 日本建築学会計画系論文集、第63巻、第511号、107-114頁、1998年9月 本論文は二重投稿にあたるため取り下げたい旨の申請が著者からあり、これを承認した。

著者

黒野 弘靖 菊地 成朋

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.477, pp.117-124, 1995-11-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1

---

In this study we attempt to explain villages of the Tonami Plain having a pattern of dispersed dwellings. Described in this paper as "dispersed villages" the pattern is not resulting from a cause and effect relationship, but rather as a generative system. We further attempt to make dear the spatial composition of the dispersed villages. First we divided all the villages into five categories, and looked at various areas of distribution and considered the corresponding location characteristics and development periods. Next we chose typical examples of each type, and analyzed their territorial configurations. As a result we realized that each type seemed to have a unique territorial configuration.

著者

冨島 義幸

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.544, pp.255-262, 2001-06-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

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In the history of Japanese architecture, we considered the Amidado and Jyogyodo halls of the Heian period to be "Western Paradise Architecture". But, we find many elements of esoteric Buddhism in this architecture, and the space of the Hokkai-ji Amidado hall was constructed as a three-dimensional Vajradhatu Mandala. Such Amidado hallsappeared in the middle 12th century through the relationship between retired Emperors and Ninnaji-Omuro. The appearance of such Amidado halls was connected with the extension of the influence of Garbadhatu and Vajradhatu Mandalas upon the space of Buddhist architecture in the late Heian period, and this phenomenon was probably based on the devotion towards Amida Buddha in the Shingon Buddhist sect.

著者

片野 博

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.544, pp.281-288, 2001-06-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

被引用文献数

1 1

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In this paper the author defined architects, participating the first head quater office in 1899, Yawata Steel Works. The ducuments which the Works possesses tell the existance of two professionals, one was Hanroku YAMAGUCHI, the other KAMIYA Kuniyoshi. YAMAGUCHI was an architect and learned in France, and had a career in "MONBUSHO", designed many architectures after leaving the ministry. His concept was a correspondence with design and construction. The building is very close to his design concept. KAMIYA was employed as engineer, but his concept was not clear from the survey, so that he might had to be an egineer, because of long career in Navey. It is reasonable to say that the participation of YAMAGUCHI was not as an architect, but a supervisor.

著者

鶴田 佳子 佐藤 圭二

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.470, pp.149-159, 1995-04-30 (Released:2017-01-27)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1 1

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Almost all major cities in Japan applied the land readjustment projects for their urbanization mainly under Article 12 of the City Planning Act of 1919 during the early period of modern city planning. Such cities as Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya aimed to provide infrastructure and to practice detailed district plans by "private" land readjustment projects under Article 12, which were approved by the local government to landowners' associations. In Osaka and Nagoya, these projects were effectively executed with city-wide urban planning and positive public support. Contrarily, the projects under Article 12 in Kobe were merely for suburban development.

著者

長澤 優作

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.708, pp.401-409, 2015-02-28 (Released:2015-03-30)

参考文献数

11

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Building pagodas within the precincts of shrines was a common style of construction and the syncretic idea was accepted through the Middle ages down to the Meiji Restoration. Many of those pagodas, however, have been destroyed since then and up to the present day there remain only so pagodas affiliated with shrines. They are regarded as the evidence of the combination of Shintoism and Buddhism. Among them some were relocated from shrines to temples and others of which main idols were changed or even removed under the policy of the separation. There fore, they are now far from their original style of construction in those days. This paper assembles a lot of historical and religious facts and idols written about pagodas. Its aim is to try to frame an explanation about their idiosyncrasies by the comparison with the ones belonging to temples.

著者

池田 聖太 小川 次郎 高桑 広太郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.714, pp.1935-1944, 2015 (Released:2015-09-25)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

---

The aim of this study is to clarify how contemporary Japanese architects describe the appearance of their housing works in the composition of the text. Initially, terms about the design of houses are categorized into three groups; condition of the project, spatial operation by the architect, and the efficiency as a result of the operation. Secondly, relation of each category is analyzed. Finally, "description form of architectural appearance" and characteristic types of description are extracted.; “responding to condition”, “placing a high premium on spatial operation”, “clarifying rationality of the relation between condition, operation and efficiency”, “clarifying efficiency to condition”.

著者

栗原 伸治

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.614, pp.137-143, 2007

参考文献数

36

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Chinese movies came to attract attention all over the world after middle of 1980's. Many of those works draw the living environment of modern China. Therefore, the living environment drawn there is impressed with as reality as well as an image for the people who watched these Chinese movies. This paper aims to interpret the family relations as such living environment in the Chinese movie "Postmen in the mountains" by Huo Jianqi who is the sixth generation director, from the viewpoint of constitution analysis based on cinematography, As a result, 12 chapters, 28 scenes, 637 cuts can be extracted from this movie. And based on these functions and relations, the following relations of a family can be interpreted: I. There exists gender in a family. II. Second son is placed in merge null of a family, and he has the role to connect a family to the outside. III. However, he also has family's center position that ties a family dynamically. IV. Second son is a metaphor of "a thing" succeeded to in a family. In other words, it was able to interpret second son's ambiguity in a family, and his position as mediation of the family succession.

著者

鈴木 光 吉田 倬郎 三原 斉

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.675, pp.1163-1168, 2012-05-30 (Released:2012-07-02)

参考文献数

21

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The result of the survey of the research material becomes it the plasterer in the future.The content of the plasterer construction of the Meiji era period is considered.It makes comparative study of the Meiji era period and the plasterer finish of the present age.The plasterer term of the Meiji era period is converted.

著者

西 英子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.575, pp.109-115, 2004-01-30 (Released:2017-02-09)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

3 2

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The purpose of this paper is to clarify urban growth in the greater Copenhagen metropolitan region by analyzing the planning theory, changing process of urban development and strategies, and social background. Having "Finger Plan (1947) as its foundation, the process of urban growth in the greater Copenhagen metropolitan region has established strong connection between people and cities with a sound use of green spaces and decentralization of local facilities, workplaces, and transportation hubs. This decentralization process has significance in creating the self-municipality and sustainable cities.

著者

齋藤 隆司 古阪 秀三 平野 吉信

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.709, pp.689-696, 2015-03-30 (Released:2015-03-30)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1

---

This paper analyses the influence of postal architecture's quality assurance from the view point of client side. Postal architecture is very unique tradition, having both clients and architects function in the organization. Postal architecture was born in 1885, with over 130 years' historical accomplishment. The era of postal architecture has been divided into 4 phases; 1) the era of in-house designers who lead building projects, 2) era of specialists, 3) era of project management, 4) era of externalities and privatization. This paper analyses the changing role of clients and how the environment society has been influenced these changes.