著者

濱 保久

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第70回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2AM178, 2006-11-03 (Released:2018-07-03)

著者

齊藤 陽子 佐久間 尚子 石井 賢二 水澤 英洋

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.5, pp.405-413, 2009

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Two experiments were conducted to identify the role of lyrics and melody in song recognition. Experiment 1 (<I>N</I>=30) investigated the ratings of familiarity, age of acquisition, retrievability of lyrics or melody, and happiness for 100 Japanese children's songs. In Experiment 2 (<I>N</I>=31), a familiarity-judgment task was conducted involving three stimulus types&mdash;sung lyrics (SONG), spoken lyrics (LYRICS), and sung melody using the syllable/la/ (MELODY) &mdash;for two excerpts (beginning and middle locations). The participants were instructed to judge whether an excerpt sounded familiar as quickly as possible. The more familiar the songs, the easier could they be identified from the three stimulus types. SONG-response time (RT) was shorter than MELODY-RT for both beginning and middle, and than LYRICS-RT for the middle. The location effect emerged most prominently for LYRICS-RT. Our results suggest that interactively connected information of lyrics and melody may facilitate song recognition. Lyrics in the beginning might be an index only for certain, very familiar songs, whereas melody may play a facilitative role for song recognition regardless of location.

著者

佐藤 洋輔 沢宮 容子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.356-366, 2018 (Released:2018-10-25)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

1

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This study examined the associations between sexual orientation, interpersonal factors, response styles, and mental health. A total of 1,330 graduate and undergraduate students—205 LGBs (lesbians, gays, and bisexuals) and 1,125 heterosexuals—completed a questionnaire on the topics of interpersonal stress, social support, two types of response styles (rumination and problem-solving), depression, and anxiety. The analysis of variance results indicated that LGB respondents reported more rumination and interpersonal stress and less social support than heterosexual respondents. Moreover, path and mediation analyses revealed that sexual orientation can increase depression and anxiety through interpersonal factors that promote rumination or inhibit problem-solving. These results suggest that LGB youth experience greater stress in interpersonal relationships, and this stress promotes maladaptive response styles that can exacerbate mental health.

著者

坪田 祐基 石井 秀宗

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.17064, (Released:2018-12-25)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

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This study aimed to investigate relationships between perfectionism and selective attentional engagement and disengagement biases to success- and failure-related words. Seventy-five undergraduates (33 male and 42 female) were asked to perform modified dot-probe tasks and to complete items in the Multidimensional Self-oriented Perfectionism Scale. The modified dot-probe tasks contained four kinds of stimuli such as success-related words, failure-related words, neutral words, and non-words. Using this task, selective attentional engagement and disengagement biases to success- and failure-related words were measured. Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficients between the selective attentional bias and perfectionism scale scores were observed. As a result, several relationships were found in males: personal standards positively correlated with disengagement bias to failure-related words; concern over mistakes positively correlated with engagement bias to failure-related words; and doubting of actions positively correlated with engagement bias to success-related words. These results suggest that male perfectionists have selective attentional engagement and disengagement biases to success or failure, and that each dimension of perfectionism is related to engagement bias and disengagement bias differently.

著者

下田 俊介 大久保 暢俊

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.17309, (Released:2018-12-25)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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People with low self-esteem, when experiencing a threat to self-evaluation, reportedly tend to place higher value in a romantic partner as an indirect form of self-enhancement. This study examined whether such an indirect form of self-enhancement is also found when considering a close friend. Participants’ trait self-esteem was measured. Then, they participated in an experiment in which they experienced (or not) a threat to their self-evaluation. They were subsequently asked to evaluate their close friends and acquaintances using trait adjectives. The results showed that participants with low self-esteem valued their close friends and acquaintances highly when they experienced a threat, compared with those who did not experience one. Meanwhile, participants with high self-esteem devalued their close friends but not their acquaintances when they experienced a threat, compared with those who did not. These results suggest that people with high self-esteem devalue their close friends as an indirect form of self-enhancement. We discuss the need to examine the effects of the difference in relationship quality between a close friend and a romantic partner, as well as the cross-cultural differences in indirect forms of self-enhancement.

著者

飯田 順子 伊藤 亜矢子 青山 郁子 杉本 希映 遠藤 寛子 ファーロング マイケル J.

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.17222, (Released:2018-12-25)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

6

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The purpose of this study was to develop a Japanese version of the Social Emotional Health Survey, which measures multiple positive aspects of secondary school students, and to examine the scale’s reliability and validity. In study 1, 3,044 high school students were asked to complete the questionnaire. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis supported the theoretical model comprising 12 measured indicators that form four domains (beliefin-self, belief-in-others, emotional competence, and engaged living) that, in turn, contribute to one underlying meta-construct called “covitality”. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that students with a high covitality score had significantly higher scores for school connectedness and life satisfaction, and a significantly lower score for psychological distress, showing sufficient concurrent validity of the scale. In study 2, 106 students were asked to complete the questionnaires to examine the scale’s test-retest reliability and concurrent validity using related Japanese scales. The results showed that the scale has sufficient test-retest reliability and concurrent validity with the other Japanese scales.

著者

酒井 厚 江川 伊織 菅原 ますみ 松本 聡子 相澤 仁

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.17053, (Released:2018-12-25)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

2

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This study investigated the moderating effects of children’s conflicting relationships with their best friends on how positive parent-child relationships buffer against children’s externalizing problem behaviors directly or through their self-esteem. It also examined whether this moderating effect was conditional on children’s age. Nine hundred and twenty-six elementary and junior high school students completed the questionnaire, which covered their sense of trust in parents, self-esteem, conflicting relationships with best friends, and externalizing problem behaviors. The results of a mediation analysis revealed that children’s high sense of trust in parents buffered against externalizing problem behaviors by enhancing their self-esteem. However, moderated mediation analyses indicated that children with highly conflicting relationships with their best friends reduced the buffering effects of children’s sense of trust in parents on externalizing behaviors both directly and through their self-esteem. These findings were discussed in terms of the children’s conflicting relationships with their best friends and the children’s perception of ego-threat.

著者

佐藤 洋輔 沢宮 容子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.4, pp.356-366, 2018-10

被引用文献数

1

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This study examined the associations between sexual orientation, interpersonal factors, response styles, and mental health. A total of 1,330 graduate and undergraduate students—205 LGBs (lesbians, gays, and bisexuals) and 1,125 heterosexuals—completed a questionnaire on the topics of interpersonal stress, social support, two types of response styles (rumination and problem-solving), depression, and anxiety. The analysis of variance results indicated that LGB respondents reported more rumination and interpersonal stress and less social support than heterosexual respondents. Moreover, path and mediation analyses revealed that sexual orientation can increase depression and anxiety through interpersonal factors that promote rumination or inhibit problem-solving. These results suggest that LGB youth experience greater stress in interpersonal relationships, and this stress promotes maladaptive response styles that can exacerbate mental health.

著者

藤田 和生

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

Japanese Psychological Research (ISSN:00215368)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.1-8, 1983

被引用文献数

12

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Two Japanese monkeys were trained on a higher-order conditional discrimination task with two colors (red and purple) which consisted of a matching-to-sample and an oddity-from-sample discrimination. External stimuli (patterns on a key, etc.) served as conditional discriminative stimuli for matching and oddity. Both subjects mastered this complex task. Then, the stimulus control established in the training was examined with test trials inserted among baseline trials. Subjects correctly responded on the test trials in which the incorrect comparison stimulus specified by the sample was no longer presented. However, subjects could not respond correctly when both sample and comparison stimuli were replaced with two new colors (yellow and yellowgreen). Thus, no evidence that the identity-difference relation of stimuli controlled the subjects' responding was obtained even in the presence of the higher-order conditional discriminative stimuli controlling their matching and oddity responses. These results suggested that the specific relation between the sample and the correct comparison stimulus mainly controlled two-color matching and oddity behaviors of Japanese monkeys.

著者

三雲 真理子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.5, pp.291-298, 1990-12-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1 2

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This experiment was attempted to investigate the strategies of pitch coding in melody processing. Twenty-six musically trained and twenty-six musically naive subjects were instructed to make recognition for melodies after a 12-s retention interval, during which four conditions of interference (i.e. pause, interfering melody, nonsense syllables, musical note names) were interpolated. Both the standard and comparison melodies were 6-tone sequences which composed of high-tonality structure or low-tonality structure. It was found that the recognition of musicians was severely distrupted by the “note names” under a tonal melody, while it was disrupted by “interfering melody” under an atonal melody. On the other hand, the recognition of non-musicians was significantly worse than musicians, and there were no significant differences in distruptive effects between the interferences. These findings suggest that musicians could used verbal (note names) coding strategy for tonal melody and sensory pitch coding strategies (ex. humming, whistling) for atonal melody, but that non-musicians could not use any effective strategies for melody coding. Results were also discussed in relation to contour and pitch of melodies.

著者

柳田 武夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.4, pp.559-596, 1932 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

23

著者

田村 和子 井上 果子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.6, pp.506-513, 2009 (Released:2011-11-03)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

11 10

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This study investigated some discriminative features of Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) with both clinical and normal samples using a self-report questionnaire. This questionnaire was administered to 116 clinical outpatients (diagnoses: thirty two BPD; twenty four schizophrenia; twenty six depression; twenty nine neurosis; and five other mental disorders) and to 216 college students as a normal sample. Factor analysis produced six factors: emptiness; hallucination and egorrhea; distortional body image and acts of self-inflicted injury; impulsive acting-out; loss of emotional control; and grandiose omnipotence. Distortional body image and acts of self-inflicted injury discriminated BPD the most from the other samples. No significant differences were seen between the BPD and Schizophrenia samples in terms of the hallucination or egorrhea subscales. An intense loss of emotional control, particularly control of negative emotions such as rage, was apparent in the clinical samples, which was not evident in the normal sample.

著者

山口 麻衣 鈴木 直人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.4, pp.441-445, 2007-10-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

16

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The measures used in previous studies did not consider the situation where an individual exhibits impulsive behavior. The present research examines the relationship between self reported measures and behavioral measures of impulsive abandonment and panic behavior in a problem-solving situation. The self Impulsive Behavior Questionnaire (Yamaguchi & Suzuki, 2005) was the self-reported measure of the impulsive behavior tendency. The 91 undergraduate participants were grouped based on this score (high, n=31; middle, n=33; low, n=27) were used. The behavioral measures were the correct detection and commission errors on the Continuous Performance Test. The result showed that the high impulsive group made a significantly higher number of commission errors than did the low group. The findings of this study support a consistent relationship between behavioral and self-reported measures.

著者

皆川 直凡 佐藤 手織 鈴木 雅実

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第72回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.WS019, 2008-09-19 (Released:2018-09-29)

著者

皆川 直凡

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第73回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2PM111, 2009-08-26 (Released:2018-11-02)

著者

皆川 直凡

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第71回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3PM076, 2007-09-18 (Released:2018-08-15)

著者

富田 真紀子 西田 裕紀子 丹下 智香子 大塚 礼 安藤 富士子 下方 浩史

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17223, (Released:2018-11-15)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

4

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A work-family balance scale was developed for middle-aged and elderly individuals. Employed people (N =1,351, 788 men and 563 women; age range, 40 to 85 years; mean age, M = 54.82, SD = 9.86 years) in the seventh study-wave of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging participated in the study. We hypothesized a four-factor structure consisting of “work-to-family conflict,” “family-to-work conflict,” “work-to-family facilitation,” and “family-to-work facilitation.” An item pool based on previous studies was developed and administered to the participants, and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted on their responses. The results identified 16 items related to work-family balance with a four-factor structure, which supported the hypothesis (GFI = .924, RMSEA = .073). Multiple-group analysis of populations based on age group (middle-aged, elderly) and gender established the configural and measurement invariance of the scale. Moreover, reliability (α = .69―.85) and criterion-related validity were confirmed based on mental health. Furthermore, age (the 40s, 50s, 60s, over 70) and gender differences were partially identified in the four subscales that were developed.

著者

吉田 俊和

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.189-197, 1974-10-10 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

19

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The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the energizing effect of cognitive dissonance. The hypothesis tested, derived from the Hull-Spence drive theory, stated: On a simple task, performance of Ss in the dissonant situation will be superior to that of Ss in the consonant situation. On a complex task, on the other hand, the reverse will be the case. Ss used were 80 7th-graders. Dissonance was manipulated by exposing each S to discrepancy between his self-image and his image held by his friends. The predicted Dissonance × Task interaction effect was nearly significant. Considering the factor of Ss' self-esteem affecting the effect of dissonance manipulated, the results obtained tend to support the hypothesis.

著者

寺井 仁 三輪 和久 浅見 和亮

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.4, pp.419-428, 2013-10-25 (Released:2013-12-25)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

10 22

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The Remote Associates Test (RAT) is one of the most popular tasks in experimental studies of insight in psychological and neuroscience studies. Since the RAT was originally developed for English-speaking countries, we developed a Japanese version of the RAT. This paper provides a brief overview of the structure of the task based on chunk decomposition using Japanese kanji characters and a list of sets of words as experimental stimuli, with representative data for experimental studies of insight.

著者

新国 佳祐 邑本 俊亮 深谷 優子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.3, pp.193-201, 2012 (Released:2012-11-23)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study explored the phonological role of punctuation in silent reading. Previous studies have suggested that commas trigger prosodic information, such as a pause, in implicit phonological processing during reading, which influences sentence processing considerably. In this study, 24 graduate and undergraduate students read, either silently or under articulatory suppression, syntactically ambiguous Japanese sentences with different types of semantic bias. Each sentence was presented with or without a comma that was either compatible or incompatible with each semantic bias. The results showed that in the silent reading condition, commas affect the duration of sentence reading and that even a comma that was incompatible with the semantic bias increased the interpretation that each comma favored. However, in the articulatory suppressed condition these effects of commas disappeared. We concluded that commas phonologically affect the processing of syntactically ambiguous sentences, which indicates that commas elicit prosodic information when constructing phonological representations in reading.