著者

栗山 和広 吉田 甫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.5, pp.287-294, 1988-12-31 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 2

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Representation of preschool children's number concepts was investigated in the present study by giving children forward and backward counting problems. In backward counting, children performed significantly better with a type of Below 5 problem compared to a type of Over 5 problem. Analyses of counting errors revealed an absence of random errors in Below 5 problems but such errors were observed with Over 5 problems, Children were able to stop correctly at point “5” in forward counting but failed to stop at points other than “5” in forward counting. These results suggested that preschool children may represent numbers up to and including 5 as a firm structure or privileged anchor for numbers below 10. Results were discussed in terms of a mental number line in a representational system of numbers.

著者

大山 正 中原 淳一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.35-48, 1960 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

15 19

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If a cross figure consists of upper and lower black arms, right and left white arms, and a central gray square, we do not perceive the mosaic sum of these five parts. We see, instead, a black vertical bar and a white horizontal bar. In the central part of this figure, we can see simultaneously two colors, white and black, one behind the other. One of these two colors appears transparent and the other appears to be seen through the former (See Fig. 1A). The following investigation is concerned with this apparent transparency.Method: Experimental procedures were nearly the same with those of our previous studies on figure-ground reversal (This journal, 1955, 26, 178-188). Observers were instructed to fixate their eyes upon the center of the figure 60 to 120 seconds, and push the first one of the three electric buttons when the black bar appeared in front of the white bar, push the second button when the white bar appeared nearer, and push the third button during ambiguous appearances. As the measure of relative dominancy of black and white, the formula, Rb=100Tb/(Tb+Tw), was adopted, in which Tb indicates the total pushing time of the first button, and Tw, that of the second.Results: 1) In general, the white bar has a stronger tendency to appear in front of the black bar when the central square is light gray, and the black bar is dominant when the central square is dark gray. It was discovered that the relative dominancy was approximately proportional to the difference between the square root of reflectance of the central part and that of the arms (Table 1, Fig. 2, 3, 4).2) The lightness of the surrounding field has little effect on the relative dominancy of two bars (Table 2).3) When the arms are of two of the four chromatic colors, red, yellow, green and blue, instead of white and black, and the central part is the mixture of these two colors produced by the rotating disk, yellow is the most dominant color, red is the second, green the third and blue the last. However, red may be more dominant than yellow if the above mentioned effect of lightness is eliminated (Table 3).4) When the vertical arms are red, the horizontal arms are green, and the central square is the mixture of red and green in various ratios, the relative dominancy is represented in a S-shaped curve as a function of the mixture ratio, i.e., the angle ratio in color disk (Table 4, Fig. 5, 6).5) The effect of area of the arms is equivocal. There are large individual differences, and the difference of instructions easily affects the results (Fig. 8, 9, 10, Table 5). The similar results were obtained in the stimulus figures of another type (Fig. 1B, 11).

著者

中山 智恵

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第72回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2PM170, 2008-09-19 (Released:2018-09-29)

著者

前田 千寸

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理研究 (ISSN:18841066)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.66, pp.655-668, 1917-06-01 (Released:2010-07-16)

著者

山田 歩

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, pp.1AM132, 2008

著者

伊藤 一真 小林 剛史

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, pp.2PM-056-2PM-056, 2018

著者

田中 知恵 沼崎 誠

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.2, pp.107-115, 2008 (Released:2011-04-20)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

4 2

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The role of expectancies regarding negative mood regulation in improving the mood states of undergraduate students when they experience both negative and positive life events was investigated. In Study 1, a Japanese language scale for measuring expectancies for negative mood regulation (NMR scale) was developed. In Study 2, undergraduates (n=95) completed the NMR scale twice within an interval of five-weeks. They also completed a self-rating depression scale and a scale of life events in interpersonal and achievement domains. The results indicated that participants with high NMR scores did not experience depression when they faced negative events, if they concurrently experienced positive life events. These results suggest that expectancies for negative mood regulation alleviate the negative mood states by using a mood regulation strategy moderated by positive life events, and predict the level of depression.

著者

太幡 直也

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.3, pp.199-206, 2009 (Released:2012-03-14)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1 2

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The feeling experienced by people during an interaction when another person seemingly notices something about them that they would rather conceal is referred to as a sense of unwanted transparency. This study investigated the effects of the reasons for concealment on the verbal strategies for managing the sense of unwanted transparency. Undergraduate participants were asked to pretend to be graduate students and to interview students who were confederates of the experimenter. The experimental conditions were the different reasons given for concealing that they were really undergraduate students. After the confederate's question aroused the sense of unwanted transparency, participants were asked a contrived question that the confederate said would be easy for a graduate student to answer. The results showed that the verbal strategies for answering the question were affected by the reasons for concealment. However, the reasons for concealment did not affect directly the verbal content and nonverbal responses from the sense of unwanted transparency.

著者

遠藤 志乃 中谷 素之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.2, pp.170-176, 2017 (Released:2017-06-25)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3 4

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This study examined the relationships between motivational regulation strategies, goal achievements, and learning habits in junior high school students. A total of 288 junior high school students completed a self-administered questionnaire. We focused on the students’ representative motivational regulation styles, i.e., intrinsic vs extrinsic motivational regulation. Structural equation modeling revealed the following: (a) mastery goals promoted an intrinsic regulation strategy, which in turn, facilitated development of beneficial learning habits; (b) performance-approach goals promoted an extrinsic regulation strategy, which by contrast inhibited the development of beneficial learning habits. These results suggest that goal achievement positively affects learning behavior mediated by motivational regulation strategies. In light of these findings, we discuss the importance of intrinsic regulation strategies in promoting beneficial learning habits in junior high school students.

著者

西村 多久磨 櫻井 茂男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.4, pp.365-375, 2013-10-25 (Released:2013-12-25)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

10 9

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This study investigated the relationship between autonomous motivation and academic adjustment based on the perspective of self-determination theory. It also examined motivational profiles to reveal individual differences and the characteristic of these profiles for groups with varying levels of autonomous and controlled regulation (autonomous, controlled, high motivation, and low motivation). Data were collected from 442 junior high school students for academic motivation, academic performance, academic competence, meta-cognitive strategy, academic anxiety, apathy, and stress experience. Correlation analyses generally supported the basic hypothesis of self-determination theory that a more autonomous regulation style was strongly related to academic adjustment. The results also showed that persons with a high autonomous regulation and a low controlled regulation style were the most adaptive.

著者

宮田 裕光 渡辺 茂 皆川 泰代 植田 一博 佐々木 豊文

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第75回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3AM143, 2011-09-15 (Released:2019-02-02)

著者

松本 敦 片山 順一 尾島 司郎 成瀬 康 井原 綾

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3AM-055, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

増井 幸恵 権藤 恭之 中川 威 小川 まどか 石岡 良子 蔡 羽淳 安元 佐織 小野口 航 髙山 緑 稲垣 宏樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2EV-085, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

赤間 健一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.86.14205, (Released:2015-09-15)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

6 6

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In studies of motivational regulation, motivational regulation strategies to maintain motivation have been examined while the strategies to initiate motivation have been overlooked. In this study, motivational regulation strategies for initiating motivation (motivation initiating strategies) were examined and the Motivation Initiating Strategy Scale was developed. In study 1, based on open-ended questionnaire to collect the strategies that learners usually use, items were selected for the scale. Using exploratory factor analysis, 5 motivation initiating strategies subscales were extracted. In study 2, the validity of the scale was examined by confirmatory factor analysis and correlations and partial correlations with intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, achievement goal and reliability were examined by test-retest correlations and internal consistencies for subscales. Both the validity and reliability were demonstrated in order to measure motivation initiating strategies. The results of this study suggest that motivation initiating strategies contain some of the same strategies as motivation maintaining strategies, and indicate the possibility that the structures and roles in the motivational regulation of the initiating and maintaining strategies are different.

著者

高本 真寛 相川 充

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.2, pp.108-116, 2012

被引用文献数

2

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This study developed the Coping Scale for Interpersonal Stress Events, and evaluated its validity. This scale is composed of the following subscales based on the goals of the coping: problem-focused coping, emotion-focused behavioral coping, and emotion-focused cognitive coping. Based on previous research, a pilot study was used to construct scale items, considering the goals of coping to reduce measurement error. In Study 1 (<I>N</I> = 348), the validity of the scale was examined using several statistical analyses. Study 2 (<I>N</I> = 182) and Study 3 (<I>N</I> = 161) report correlations between the Coping Scale for Interpersonal Stress Events and several theoretically relevant scales. Based on these results, it was concluded that the scale and subscales are valid for measuring interpersonal stress coping.

著者

荘島 幸子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第72回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1EV014, 2008-09-19 (Released:2018-09-29)

著者

飯田 健夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3, pp.186-200, 1987-08-31 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

148

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Psychological studies on accommodation are reviewed on the following subjects: (1) subjective and objective methods of measuring accommodation, and their related practical problems in visual experiments, (2) accommodative responses in the absence of an adequate visual stimulus (a resting point of accommodation or a dark focus), and the specific phenomena of night myopia, empty myopia and instrument myopia, (3) contribution of accommodation to the perception of depth and the influence of imagination or thinking of distance on accommodation, (4) unsettled problems on accommodation in the three domains of myopia mentioned above, and the prospect of research in the future, and (5) a description of the results of psychological studies on accommodation that are applied to the establishment of an optimal condition of visual environment.

著者

川原 誠司 鈴木 美緑

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3EV-001, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

堀内 由樹子 鈴木 佳苗 田島 祥 渋谷 明子 坂元 章

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, pp.2AM022, 2011

著者

長谷川 孝治 古里 由香里

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, pp.3EV-005-3EV-005, 2018