著者

高橋 祐二 宮地 純子 荻野 尚志 木村 純二

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.3, pp.371-375, 1994

被引用文献数

1 1

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The analysis of components in algae is an important research subject in the fields of food, perfume, and medicinal chemistry because they have characteristic odors and unique structures different from those found in land plants. A systematic analysis of the ether soluble components in <i>Undaria pinnatifida</i> was therefore conducted. The sample was soaked in methanol for one week and the methanol extract was treated with ether in order to remove mannitol. The resulting ether soluble components were then separated and purified by a silica gel column and/or preparative thin layer chromatography. Compounds of hydrocarbons (paraffins, polyolefins), methyl and phytyl esters of fatty acids, long chain aldehydes, and sterols were isolated. Most of these compounds have been found in algae preciously, but some were recognized for the first time in <i>U. pinnatifida</i>.

著者

松岡 達郎 杜 勝久 斉藤 良仁

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.6, pp.880-888, 1995-11-15

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

11 2

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A method to assess size-selectivity of gillnets on the basis of variation of fish body forms was considered. Size-selectivity of a gillnet was defined as the probability both if a girth at anterior (around operculum) section of fish does not exceed a mesh perimetre and if the girth at the maximum body section exceeds it. In the present method, the probability distribution at each section against fish lengths were calculated according to normal distributions of the girth approximated with its means and standard deviations linearly correlated with lengths. Size-selectivity was derived from multiplication of the respective probability distributions. A series of tank experiments were conducted to obtain cartch ratios by tested gillnets for various sizes of tilapia, carp and rainbow trout. Selectivity curves of the tested gillnets for the species were calculated on measurements of body forms of the tested fish individuals, which were compared to the catch ratios. Regarding the wedged capture, the calculated selectivity curves were well supported by the catch ratios. It was concluded that the present method assesses <i>e</i>%-selectivity lengths of gillnets with errors less than 4% for species and size ranges caught by mainly the wedging function of gillnets.

著者

Dabrowski Konrad

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.p23-30, 1986-01

被引用文献数

1

著者

Dabrowski K.

出版者

日本水産學會

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.23-30, 1986 (Released:2011-03-05)

著者

太田 博巳 楠田 聡 工藤 智

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.7-12, 1995-01-25

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

6 16

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Anadromous shishamo smelt <i>Spirinchus lanceolatus</i> returns to rivers a few days before spawing. Fish were caught in the mouth of rivers in Hokkaido, Japan. Artifical insemination in the smelt by the dry method is difficult because the semen collected through abdominal pressure is scanty. First, we compared sperm motility between ejaculated semen spermatozoa and spermatozoa in testicular semen, and verified the insignificant differences in the duration of sperm motility and percent motility of them. Secondly, we examined the motility of tesicular spermatuzoa in various artificial solutions in order to determine the adequate constitution of testicular semen diluent. The spermatozoa were motile in NaCl and mannitol solutions at osmolalities between 0 to 400mOsm/kg. In KCl solution, they were motile at 200mOsm/kg and below, but the motility was remarkably lower than that in NaCl solution. The duration and number of moving spermatozoa decreased as the KCl concentration in the artificial testicular fluid increased, and motility was almost inhibited when the KCl concentration was over 25m_M. In this case, the concentration of K⁺ was approximately twice as high as those of testicular fluid (12.5m_M), obtained by centrifugation of testicuar semen, or seminal plasma (11.0m_M). It was concluded that artificial testicular fluid containing 25 m_M KCl is an efficient testicular semen diluent for the shishamo smelt.

著者

道津 光生 野村 浩貴 太田 雅隆 岩倉 祐二

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.2, pp.216-222, 1999-03-15

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

5 11

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北海道南西部の盃沿岸は海底地形が複雑で, マウンド状に盛り上がった場所にホソメコンブ群落が形成されていた。盃沿岸の水温・塩分, 栄養塩, 光, 波浪の季節変化を近傍の磯焼け域である泊沿岸と比較した。その結果, 波浪のみに両沿岸に差が認められた。盃は泊に比べて波浪が強く, 特に冬季に強くなることが明らかになった。盃のマウンド上のキタムラサキウニの密度は秋&acd;冬にかけて波浪が強くなるとともに減少し, 冬&acd;春にはほとんど生息しない状態となった。一方, マウンド周辺のコンブ群落外のウニの密度は年間を通してほぼ一定の値で推移した。波浪の強さの変化に関連したウニの季節的移動により, 冬&acd;春にかけてマウンド上のウニの密度が減少し, コンブの新規加入群に対するウニの摂食圧が減少することによってコンブが繁殖するのではないかと推定した。

著者

碓井 星二 加納 光樹 佐野 光彦

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.5, pp.741-752, 2014

被引用文献数

6

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2009 年と 2010 年の春から夏(4, 6, 8 月)に,茨城県北浦の 2 地点のヨシ帯とそれに隣接する護岸帯で魚類群集の構造を比較した。その結果,種数と総個体数はほとんどの月でヨシ帯の方が多かった。このことから,護岸化によるヨシ帯の消失は,魚類の種多様性や総個体数の減少をもたらし,群集構造を変化させることが明らかとなった。ただし,優占種を種ごとにみると,モツゴ,クルメサヨリ,ヌマチチブなどの 5 種はヨシ帯で,一方,シラウオは護岸帯で多く出現した。護岸化による影響は魚種により異なることもわかった。<br>

著者

鄭 龍晋 松野 保久 藤枝 繁 山中 有一

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.4, pp.553-560, 1995-07-15

被引用文献数

5 2

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The underwater noise emitted by fishing boats is one of the main noise sources in coastal fishing grounds. This paper intends to investigate the underwater noise emitted by fishing boats, by means of measuring both drifting and cruising noise for small trawlers and medium purse seiners.<br> The spectrum of noise when drifting showed some harmonics (line component spectrum) of basic frequency which corresponded to the main engine and generator revolution pitch. The noise at cruising showed a powerful continuous component spectrum above 50 Hz frequency zone to the propeller influence as well as line components spectrum. It dominated when applied to full speed ahead and astern. The sound spectrogram of underwater noise emitted by fishing boats when cruising showed furthermore doppler phenominon and interference. These functions at cruising were influenced by distance from noise source, depth, reflection number, main engine and generator revo-lution, and cruising speed.

著者

松倉 隆一 澤田 浩一 安部 幸樹 南 憲吏 永島 宏 米崎 史郎 村瀬 弘人 宮下 和士

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産學會誌 = Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.4, pp.638-648, 2013-07-15

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

6

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標準体長(SL) 3.1~7.7 cm のイカナゴ当歳魚について,周波数 120 kHz におけるターゲットストレングス(TS)を姿勢角±30°の範囲で測定した。音響理論散乱モデルで推定した理論 TS と比較すると,姿勢角 0°付近で最大値 −68.8~−60.8 dB(実測)及び −68.7~−61.5 dB(理論)を示した。実測値と理論値の差は −1.6~0.9 dB と小さく,特に±10°のメインローブの範囲でよく一致した。採集海域の条件で推定した最大 TS と SL の関係は <i>TS</i>=43.1 log <i>SL</i>−96.1 となった。<br>

著者

レオン サラポンセデ 猪上 徳雄 信濃 晴雄

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.7, pp.1183-1188, 1993

被引用文献数

1

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The effects of brine on fish storage have been studied using sardine (<i>Sardinops melanosticta</i>) as a raw material. Samples were immersed in brine and stored for a period in which they were considered suitable for consumption, at 15°C. NaCl concentration in the fish muscle reached its maximum within the first three days of storage for all the samples, after which the values remained constant. Assessments for suitability for consumption were carried out during storage. They included volatile base nitrogen (VB-N), microbiological, and organoleptic tests. Samples immersed in 15% brine solution proved to be edible for up to 5 days. Microbiological tests on all of the 3 samples found <i>Pseudomonas</i> spp. and <i>Moraxella</i> spp. to be the most numerous bacterial groups on the last day of sampling.

著者

中原 元和 クロス フォード・A・

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.5, pp.419-425, 1978

被引用文献数

4

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The transfer of cobalt-60 from phytoplankton (primary producer) to clams (primary consumer) was investigated to obtain additional information about the movement of cobalt-60 in the marine ecosystem. The retention (%) of cobalt-60 in the clams after feeding radioactive phytoplankton varied with size of the clams and cell density and species of phytoplankton fed to the clams. At high cell densities (2×10⁸ and 5×10⁸ cells/l), the retention of cobalt-60 by the clams was reduced with increasing cell density and size of the clams. More than 43% of the radioactivity which was introduced into the pallial cavity of the clams with the diatom (Nitzschia closterium) at cell densities less than 5×10⁷ cells/l was retained in the clams two days after feeding.

著者

一丸 俊雄 水田 浩二 中園 明信 TOSHIO ICHIMARU KOJI MIZUTA AKINOBU NAKAZONO 長崎県総合水産試験場 長崎県総合水産試験場:(現)長崎県五島支庁水産課 九州大学大学院農学研究院 Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Fisheries Nagasaki Prefectural Institute of Fisheries:Fisheries Division of Goto Branch Office of Nagasaki Prefectural Government Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 = Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.21-26, 2006-01-15

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

7

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1998~2004年の4~8月に長崎県五島列島沖および鹿児島県屋久島沖で採集したホソアオトビHirundichthys oxycephalusの卵を顕微鏡下で観察した。本種の卵は片側に直径20μmの纏絡糸が1本と10μmの纏絡糸が5~7本,その反対側に6μmの纏絡糸を9~14本有しており,H. coromandelensisの卵に似た形状をしている。纏絡糸の径はH. coromandelensisよりホソアオトビの方が細く,これによって2種を区別することが可能と考えられた。卵の出現は鹿児島県では5~7月,長崎県では7~8月であり,水温により産卵期は異なるものと考えられた。Eggs of the mirror-finned flying fish Hirundichthys oxycephalus were collected from the drifts near Goto Islands and Yaku Island, from April to August within the years of 1998 to 2004. To identify species, the eggs were reared and the hatched larvae were observed. The eggs were 1.6-2.0mm in diameter. Three types of filaments were recognized. One was a single filament of 20μm, the others were 5-7 filaments of 10μm, and 9-14 filaments of 6μm. The number of filaments observed in H. oxycephalus was similar to that formerly reported in H. coromandelensis, however, the thinner diameter of H. oxycephalus filaments than that of H. coromandelensis makes it possible to distinguish between the two species. The eggs were collected in Kagoshima from May to July, and in Nagasaki from July to August, and this difference seems to be due to the difference of water temperature between the two localities.

著者

畑中 寛

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.5, pp.557-560, 1979

被引用文献数

1

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The geographical distribution of two subspecies belonging to <i>Sepia officinalis</i> LINNAEUS off the northwest coast of Africa was examined, using the materials collected by Japaese trawlers. Results obtained are as follows:<br> (1) The southern boundary of <i>Sepia oficinalis oficinalis</i> is in the vicinity of the Cap Vert.<br> (2) The northern boundary of <i>S. o. hierredda</i> is at the latitude of Cap Blanc.<br> (3) <i>S. o. hierredda</i> is found mainly in waters shallower than 50 meters and <i>S. o. officinalis</i> is found in every depth until at least 110 meters off the coast of Mauritania where both subspecies have been inhabiting commonly.

著者

鶴田 新生 上野 俊士郎 大貝 政治 山田 真知子

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.141-144, 1987

被引用文献数

2 5

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The seasonal and horizontal distributions of <i>Skeletonema costatum</i> (GREV.) CLEVE were observed five times in the surface water of Yatsushiro Sea, Kumamoto and Kagoshima Prefectures, from October 1983 to November 1984. Numerically, <i>S. costatum</i> was by far the most important phytoplankton, with two maxima in February and in August. In terms of cell number, this species amounts to more than 50% of the total phytoplankton whenever the community density is more than 10⁵ cells/<i>l</i>. The first maximum in February seems to be triggered by the release from zooplankton grazing pressure, since the high cell density of <i>S. costatum</i> and the high concentration of DIP were observed widely in Yatsushiro Sea. The second maximum in August seems to be attributed to the nutrients supplied through R. Kuma, since a marked horizontal gradient of <i>S. costatum</i> strongly related to those of salinity and DIP.

著者

中村 薫

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.215-219, 1989

被引用文献数

2

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Microvilli of diverticular cells in the midgut gland of the prawn <i>Penaeus japonicus</i> were observed under a scanning electron microscope. Three different types of the microvilli were distinguished by their pattern based on the arrangement, density and behaviour. The microvilli distribution of two types was discernible cellularly from another type, and both of them showed a destruction phase caused by the explosion of each cell body probably due to ageing. The area of another microvilli spread without cellular partition, exhibiting only irregular grooves among the cloud of microvilli. Each of these types of microvilli seemed to belong to respective cells named as the light, dark and vacuolated which constitute the epithelial layer of diverticula. Furthermore, it was suggested that the vacuolated cell derived from the light cell in this prawn.

著者

渡邉 武 李 明哲 水谷 潤 山田 哲雄 佐藤 秀一 竹内 俊郎 吉田 範秋 北田 哲夫 荒川 敏久

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.4, pp.681-694, 1991

被引用文献数

12 59

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Red seabream broodstock were fed various diets of different nutritional quality for either 26 days or shortly before spawning to clarify the effective components in cuttlefish meal and raw krill which aid in quality egg production.<br> The percentage of buoyant eggs was lowest in the control group receiving the white fish meal diet, and was elevated by the addition of 200mg DL-α-tocopheryl acetate. The value was also effectively improved by replacement of white fish meal with defatted or intact cuttlefish meal as a protein source. Feeding broodstock with frozen raw krill after previously being fed control diet resulted in elevation of the percentage of buoyant eggs and normal larvae. Equally good results were obtained by substitution of cuttlefish liver oil in the control diet with 2.5% krill polar lipid or 2.5% krill nonpolar lipid. However, neither defatted krill meal nor fat-soluble fraction of cut-tlefish meal showed the good effect on the egg quality.<br> Consequently, the superior quality of cuttlefish meal to the white fish meal as a protein source for red seabream broodstock diets was reconfirmed. And the effective components in raw krill, aiding the reproduction of red seabream, are suggested to be the polar and nonpolar lipid fractions. In addition, vitamin E was also found to have the same efficiency for improvement of the egg quality.

著者

竹内 裕

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産學會誌 = Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.5, pp.876-877, 2009-09-15

被引用文献数

1

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魚類の生殖機構。基礎と応用。水産増養殖への応用。発生工学的アプローチによる生殖細胞のコントロール。現在までに多くの魚種の種苗生産技術が確立しているが、クロマグロやブリ、ウナギのように、未だ産業レベルで完全養殖を行うには、多くの課題が残されている魚種も少なくない。特に、これらのいずれの魚種においても、良質の受精卵を安定供給する技術が発展途上である。例えば、クロマグロは親魚が大型であるため、海上のイケスで養成することが必須であり、成熟誘導のために環境制御(水温や日長制御)を行うことは原理的に不可能である。また、ブリやウナギにおいては、受精卵の質の安定性に問題が残されており、親魚養成から成熟誘導技術のさらなる改善が望まれている。我々は、最近、サケ科魚類を用いて生殖細胞の異種間移植系を確立し、"ヤマメにニジマスの配偶子を生産させる技術(代理親魚養殖)"を開発した。これにより、ドナー種よりも小型かつ若齢で成熟する宿主種(=代理親)を利用して、省スペースで効率的にドナー種の種苗を生産可能であることが示された。さらに、これらの代理親魚の体内では、宿主種の内分泌系支配によりドナー種由来の配偶子が生産されるため、陸上水槽内で宿主魚の成熟に適した環境を提供することで、目的の種苗を周年採卵することも可能になると期待される。したがって、本技術を上記各魚種に応用することで、クロマグロを生むマサバ、ブリを生むマアジ、ウナギを生むアナゴ、などの生産も可能になると期待される。現在、我々は、マグロ類やブリ類など多くの水産上有用魚種と同タイプの分離浮遊卵を産卵する小型の海産魚であるニベを用いた生殖細胞移植技術の開発を行っている。本稿では、海産魚における代理親魚養殖の確立に向けた戦略、現状および課題について概説する。

著者

平野 敏行 章 超樺 森下 昭寿 鈴木 健 白井 隆明

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3, pp.547-557, 1992

被引用文献数

6 35

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The volatile compounds collected on a porous polymer Tenax TA from wild and cultured ayu fish were evaluated by GC-sniffing and identified by GC-MS. GC-pattern and odor quality of wild ayu were similar to that of cultured ayu. The main compounds responsible for a cucumber-like and/or watermelon-like aroma were identified as (E, Z)-2, 6-nonadienal, (E)-2-nonenal, and 3, 6-nonadien-1-ol; (E, Z)-2, 6-nonadienal play a significant role in the characteristic aroma of ayu. However, by the same analytical experiment, it was shown that carbon-9 carbonyls and alcohol were not detectable in river algae eaten by wild ayu and in artificial diets for ayu culture.

著者

田代 一洋 岩槻 幸雄

出版者

日本水産學會

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.5, pp.684-688, 1995-09-15

被引用文献数

9

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Fifty-eight young Japanese centropomid fish <i>Lates japonicus</i> were captured from the Hitotsuse River estuary, Miyazaki Prefecture, southeastern Kyushu, Japan, through April to September, 1989, and their sizes of total length (TL) (mean TL 222mm) and body weight (BW) (mean 147g) were recorded. They were reared in a concrete tank (20 ton) until the end of November, 1992, growing to a mean TL of 500mm and mean BW of 1, 825g. The diet of the fish was comprised mainly of raw sardines, shrimp, jack and mackerel. However, negative Feeding efficiency rates and Conversion fac-tors were apparent over the two winter seasons. Feeding activity, based on the mean quantity of food taken per individual, was closely related to water temperature and salinity (S) changes, especially being highest over about 25°C (S 28-30) and reduced to zero below about 16°C (S 34). The species seemed to be strongly resistant to disease, skin erosion and transportation stress, because all individ-uals used for the experiment survived.

著者

松岡 正信

出版者

日本水産學會

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.4, pp.694-696, 2008 (Released:2011-01-28)

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重要栽培漁業対象魚種における鼻孔隔皮欠損の出現状況を把握する一環として、胎生魚3種の人工稚魚について検討した。メバルの鼻孔隔皮欠損率は80.0%であり、他に前鼻孔の欠損が0.9%みられた。クロソイの鼻孔隔皮欠損率は33.3%であった。カサゴについては4つの種苗生産機関の稚魚を観察した結果、10.0%、38.3%、69.0%および70.5%と種苗生産機関によって大きく異なっていた。本結果から、メバルおよびカサゴについては鼻孔隔皮欠損を放流種苗の標識として用いられる可能性が示唆された。