著者

塚田 美紀

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.347-355, 1998-03-26

---

This paper examines art education of Kakiyama Ban-yu, who studied in the Art School of Tokyo founded by Ernest Fenollosa and Okakura Tenshin, and contributed to the birth of "art pedagogy" in primary education. Revealing the composition of drawing and painting technics in his "art pedagogy", this paper illuminates the structure of his systematization of art skills. The conception of "art pedagogy" was raised by professors of Art School of Tokyo and Teachers School of Tokyo, to construct a systematic teaching method in general education by integrating the technics of Western art and Japanese traditional art. Kakiyama actually tried to explore his own method by organizing the technics not from the teacher's viewpoint but from student's one as art creator. This Kakiyama-method succeeded to those of his antecedents and resembled to those of his contemporaries much in contents of the technics. Nevertheless the way of organizing drawing and painting technics as art creator was unique, and at this point he should be regarded as a pioneer of art education in general education, and as an educator quite different from the mainstream of "art pedagogy".

著者

荻野 亮吾

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, pp.127-137, 2009

---

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the construction process of " the publicness " in the residents ' movement in the 1970's. Previously, " the publicness" of social activity has been mainly discussed from the viewpoint of " counter-publicness." However, there still seems to remain to be examined from the perspective of mutual relationships among citizens. It will be necessary to focus on processes of interaction with "others" who have different concept of values. // I investigate four case examples of residents' movement on the journal of Gekkan-Syakai-Kyoiku in the 1970's. The examples are made up of three types. One is to call on the administration to construct pubic institutions. Other is to call on the government and the company not to build facilities or not to overexploit. To this, I take two examples. The other is to only identify the problems. For analyzing, I take particular note of three points, how the movement began and ended, what kind of repertories and framings residents strategically used, and how mutual transformation could emerge. // As a result, I can show three common features of the movements during this period. First, " the publicness " lied between "universality" and "locality." Second, "the publicness" was built upon residents' uninterrupted discussion about needs or interests, and its basis was quite temporary. Third, I highlight micro-politics between citizens, which has been previously hidden.

著者

金 志英

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, pp.387-396, 2011

---

This study is about the High School Equalization Policy in the Republic of Korea. The bulk of research until recently focused mainly on the problem after the policy was implemented. Accordingly, research on the original policy is scarce. So, the aim of this study is to understand more fully the original policy, particularly, the influence on the competition between schools by the policy. As a research method, analysis transition of school ranking before and after the policy was used to examine.

著者

奈須 恵子

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.1-9, 1995-12-20

---

The theme of this paper is making the plan of "History of Daitoa" clear. The plan was an attempt to remodel "Oriental History" in historical sciences and education. The author of this paper clarifid the project which produced the plan of "History of Daitoa", analaysed this text, and pointed out the back-ground of this plan. The ministry of Education started making the plan in 1942,corresponding to Japanese invasion to Asian countries. It needed to construct a hisyory of Asia based on new concepts, as Japan had been coverd larger area and more various cultures. But the planing of making new history of Asia had already started as early as in 1930s among scolars of Oriental history and research of Asian countries. They aimed to renew contents and methods about Asian studies, going with Japanese invasion. So they introduced the viewpoints of geography, ethnology, philology, and more to the study of "Oriental History". The text of "History of Daitoa" is also regarded as the 'accademical fruits'of WW II period in Japan.

著者

三宅 なほみ 齊藤 萌木 飯窪 真也 利根川 太郎

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, pp.441-458, 2012-03-10 (Released:2012-04-05)

---

The Consortium for Renovating Education for the Future, founded at the University of Tokyo in 2009, has been striving to help teachers develop a networked community for creating authentically learner-centered classrooms. The classes are designed on a cognitive framework where the constructively interactive components during classroom student discussions provide individual students with a chance to express and reflect upon their own ideas as well as others, for integrating and constructively deepening them. This community currently involves more than 100 teachers coming from sixty-nine schools, ranging from elementary to high-schools. The paper reports its success for helping teachers to create sub-communities around their locations as well as their subject areas, so that they could collaboratively share the prime plans for similar classes and reflect upon their outcomes. Discussions on future plans conclude the paper.

著者

山中 秀幸

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.251-260, 2001-03-15

---

The purpose of this paper is to clear the peculiarity of education through the definition of "Thatcherism". For the purpose, first, especially in the economic policy, this study attempts to define the normative concept of Thatcherism in comparison with the former policy. Second, it considers whether aforementioned concept can be applied to the educational policy of the Thatcher Government. By this consideration, it is cleared that the role wanted the government is ambiguous comparatively in educational policy.

著者

三浦 太郎 根本 彰

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.475-489, 2001

---

Before the WWII, there were few educational institutions of library science in Japan. During the Allied occupation period, some library training courses were held, ex. at Doshisha and Kyoto Universities, but they were on the lines of the pre-war framework, stressing on how to administrate a library. In 1948,Robert B. Downs suggested to establish a library institution at the University of Tokyo, in vain. Then in 1950,GHQ/SCAP began a program of establishing Japan Library School (JLS) with support of ALA, in order to train professional Japanese librarians. This represents a shift of occupational library policy from reformation as a whole to specification to library training. Robert L. Gitler, the director of JLS, chose Keio University, favoring its westernized philosophy. With financial support of Rockefeller Foundation, JLS went into orbit. There held Americanized library curriculum, laying stress on understanding of library's role in society as well as technical methods. It joined Japanese and American librarianship.

著者

東城 朋

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, pp.127-138, 2011-03-10

---

In this case study, an interview with an experienced junior high school classroom teacher is analyzed, in terms of her reflection (the memories and the insight) of everyday teacher-student interactions. From the qualitative analysis of her stories about anticipation for one male student's manner of interaction, it is suggested that this experienced teacher recognizes and deals with the problematic situation students might psychologically experience, based on two concepts : (1) incoherent emergence of developmental processes, (2) different perceptions of psychological distance as representation of desire for autonomy. The results of this case analysis also imply that these two concepts interactively construct a process in which teachers develop tacit skills including knowledge of student guidance and teacher-student interactions, as promoting students'motivation for self-regulation and healthy psychological development.

著者

河原 哲雄

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.227-238, 1996-12-20

---

10 years have passed since the 'Bible'of the prallel distributed processing was published (Rumelhart, McClelland & PDF Research Group, 1986). Throughout the decade, architectures and procedures of connectionist (a.k.a neural nets or parallel distributed processing) models have been growing more and more subtle and complex. The aim of this article is to review some recent connectionist models for three typical research domains of higher cognitive processes (language, analogical inference, and category learning) in detail, and to speculate on their impacts on the coming decade of cognitive psychology and connectionism.

著者

河原 哲雄

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.227-238, 1996-12-20 (Released:2011-01-13)

---

10 years have passed since the 'Bible'of the prallel distributed processing was published (Rumelhart, McClelland & PDF Research Group, 1986). Throughout the decade, architectures and procedures of connectionist (a.k.a neural nets or parallel distributed processing) models have been growing more and more subtle and complex. The aim of this article is to review some recent connectionist models for three typical research domains of higher cognitive processes (language, analogical inference, and category learning) in detail, and to speculate on their impacts on the coming decade of cognitive psychology and connectionism.

著者

斉藤 利彦 市山 雅美

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.435-461, 2008

---

This study collects the most basic data concerning the alumni magazine of the old system junior high school based on the nationwide survey, and does the analysis by the questionnaire. That is, how was the alumni magazine published, and those starting year, preservation, and the situation and the issue frequency etc. of owning are clarified in the old system junior high school in various places. In addition, the composition of a concrete content of magazine in each alumni magazine is analyzed, and the name, the content of each column and each item, and those changes are examined. In addition, there is a problem of the relation etc. between the organization, that is, the system of the edit of the alumni magazine and the student and the participation of the principal and the teacher. The realities of the student autonomy at the period of prewar days, and they are a deeply related, and extremely interesting problems. Furthermore, let's clarify the transition in original of the situation of the contribution of the student and publishing and the passing of an eras. And, let's add consideration to the function for the alumni magazine to have and the role out which it carried based on the above-mentioned analysis at the end.

著者

川崎 成一

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.353-364, 2009-03-10

---

While tuition and other education-related costs continue to rise, the federal loan limits have remained relatively stagnant. Private student loans have been the fastest growing segment of financial aid. The growth of private student loans depends on the capital markets, which include asset-backed securities and bond issues. But the subprime mortgage credit crisis occurred in August 2007 and continued disruptions in the capital markets resulted in higher funding costs for lenders who participate in the term securitization market. As a result of the confluence of legislative and capital market challenges, many players have exited or scaled back activities in the education finance industry. To make matters worse, student loans, especially private loan losses will increase in reaction to weaker economic conditions. If this happens, borrowers with high-risk characteristics such as low FICO scores don’t have a chance to borrow private loans. There is a possibility of depriving of the equality of opportunity

著者

小林 剛志

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, pp.327-332, 2010-03-10

---

The purpose of this paper is to review the trend of studies in the interaction for music making. In this paper, the inquiry is focused on the linguistic praxis related to musical praxis. The keyword is the languages of craft on the music making process.

著者

上野 正道

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.283-291, 2002

---

This paper clarifies John Dewey's reconstruction of the aesthetic experience in light of recent studies that interpret his theory of art as being related to social and cultural issues. By focusing on Art as Experience (1934) and his other works in the 1920s and the 1930s, the following three points are indicated. First, he developed his concept of art through his inquiry into the common experience shared by mankind. By criticizing art that is spiritualized out of any connection with the world of daily life, he insists that the experience of art is public and communicating since it has the potential to create community. Second, Dewey was critical of the nationalism and the expansion of the market mentality in the 19th century that had deprived art of the actual sense of community and helped to separate people's experiences. In contrast, his theory of art reflected the public participation of the mass culture in the 20th century. Third, it is of great help to see Dewey's friendship with Albert C. Barnes. Barnes established the school that idealized Dewey's concepts of democracy and art education, though they faced many difficulties of putting their ideals into practice. It follows from these that Dewey attempted to construct a publicness founded on the aesthetic experience of the community.

著者

末木 新

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, pp.277-284, 2010-03-10

---

The purpose of this study was to review CMC (Computer-Mediated Communication) theories in order to unify the ambivalent functions of suicide message boards, namely the suicide-preventive function (e.g., self-help group) and suicide-inducing function (e.g., Internet suicide pact). The study also aimed to clarify the research task that was not treated in the existing theories. In this study, as a major CMC theory, Cues Filtered Out, Hyper Personal Communication, and the Social Identity model of Deindividuation Effect were introduced and considered in terms of their relation to suicidal communication via the Internet. In addition, ease of reusing postings and emoticons were considered as a feature of CMC that cannot be treated by the above theories. By using the above process to construct a web-based communication system with suicide-preventive functions, it was shown that future research is necessary to study the interaction between the user's personality and the technical features of CMC.

著者

安藤 理 井上 公人 中西 啓喜 有海 拓巳 苅谷 剛彦

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.43-67, 2008

---

The social difference is controversial in modern society. Regarding this issue, high school education study has developed its work on high school students, as the subject of the research, of going on to various courses after graduation or those born in lowgrade family. It is said that those in relatively weak tier are likely to have more disadvantage, which depicts the clearer aspect of differentiated society./ On this matter, we pay an attention to students graduating in privileged high schools or those going on to four-year university after such style of high schools. We additionally divide the region of high schools that the mentioned students graduated into "rural part" and "urban part" in order to make an argument based upon differences among the concerned areas. The aim of this study is to analyze the ability and consciousness of those thought to steadily pave the way the route in order to gain the socially stable life and to argue differentiated society from varied aspects. Mainly four subjects as followed are to be analyzed./ Japan has various regional differences. In such a society,/ 1. Who considers them elite ?/ 2. Who will be in favor of redistribution ? We are, upon the two written subjects, to clarify the influence of the regional movement. Meanwhile, there has been issued the differences from the birth levels. We make an analysis with an attention to Honda's proposal (2005) "post-modern ability". Specifically analysis is to be assigned as below./ 3. What kind of ability developed in high school can make "post-modern ability" be in full swing at university ?/ 4. What kind of person can make "post-modern ability" be in full swing at university ? This study aims to analyze the ability and consciousness of those, without sexual difference, on social difference and to clarify their real aspects so that we can see the future of the differentiated society.

著者

森田 慎一郎

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, pp.179-188, 2006-03-10

---

Today, it is essential to help the students who intend to become professionals, because the ratio of those students is supposed to increase in the future. The purpose of this paper is to provide useful knowledge for promoting those students'career development. First, previous psychological studies regarding the vocational decision in the students intending to become professionals were reviewed. As a result, it became clear that (a) the level of vocational decision in those students is higher than that in the other students, that (b) the level of vocational decision in those students has relation to 'job orientation'in them, and that (c) the scale to assess orientation toward a profession (Profession Orientation Scale) has not been developed. Second, according to (c) , previous sociological studies regarding the definition of a profession were reviewed in order to construct the concept of 'profession'that could become a framework of Profession Orientation Scale. As a result, it was found that the concept of 'profession'was constructed by five features ; altruism, autonomy, human relationships in professional community, qualification, and skill upgrading training.

著者

下山 晴彦 屋嘉比 光子 西村 詩織 平林 恵美 林 潤一郎

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.163-184, 2009-03-10

---

The purpose of this study was to develop and to evaluate psychological education programmes in school setting. They were made in terms of cognitive behavioural group treatment in children and adolescents. At first, 4 sessions programme for elementary school children was developed and carried out and the result was evaluated. Next, 11 sessions programme which was revised in the light of the evaluation was implemented at a reformatory and the result suggested that it could promote the control of anger. Finally, 6 sessions programme on changing negative mood was developed and was examined in 199 junior high school students. The result showed the psychological education program significantly promoted the skill of changing negative mood.

著者

バットオロシホ ナフチャー

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, pp.159-170, 2006-03-10

---

The aim of this study is to modify the Rasmussen's Identity Scale to develop the standardized Mongol Version of Identity Scale, which could cover the present situation of Mongol society. Mongol Version of Rasmussen's Identity Scale, Anxiety Trait scale, another Identity Scale, Self-esteem Scale were distributed to 400 Mongol university students. The reliability was tested in terms of the Cronbach's coefficient reliability. The validity was examined by the test of correlation coefficient with the other 3 scales. As a result, the Mongol Version of Rasmussen's Identity Scale was verified as a standardized scale to assess the identity status of Mongol university students.

著者

施 佩君

出版者

東京大学大学院教育学研究科

雑誌

東京大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13421050)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, pp.171-179, 2005-03-10

---

One of the foci of higher education reform in China is related to how students'learning experiences are channeled and guided. Chinese universities have been criticised for their excessive specialization. Attempts are made now to expose students to a wider range of knowledge. In this paper I choose Peking University, Tsinghua University and Fudan University for the case study. These three universities are very progressive in China, and we will see the tendency of higher education through these three universities. From the results of the study, a conclusion can be made that the reforms have brought out a variety of changes in higher education and these have enriched students'experience .