著者

岡村 一弘 西田 豊 八島 貞子 清田 亮夫 田中 薫樹 久保 正徳

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.67-72, 1961-04-25 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

6

著者

別府 秀彦 渡邊 治夫

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.3-14, 2011-03-10 (Released:2011-03-18)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2

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Human clinical studies have yielded a great number of findings on the suppressive effect of indigestible dextrin on glucose absorption. The suppressive effect tends to be marked in subject groups whose blood glucose is at high levels in blood tests and the degree of suppression may vary depending on the saccharide species used for loading. The following is a summary review of the suppressive effect of indigestible dextrin as reported in scientific papers.1) In starch loading tests, although a significant difference in the degree of blood glucose suppression by indigestible dextrin is seen in groups whose blood glucose values after placebo ingestion are higher than average, no such difference is commonly observed in low-value groups.2) When groups with high and low blood glucose values before testing are classified in the same starch loading study, however, a significant difference is observed even in low-value groups, as the low-value group includes subjects in the placebo group with higher blood glucose values showing higher peak values at testing.3) In sucrose loading tests, the significant difference was observed more clearly not only in high-value groups but also in low-value groups. Since the inhibitory action of indigestible dextrin is strong on α-glucosidase when it binds to sucrose in order to hydrolyze into glucose and fructose, it appears certain that suppression of glucose absorption into the blood takes place.4) When maltose loading was carried out in twelve healthy young subjects (mean age: 21.4±0.51) in a preliminary study, there was a significant difference in the degree of blood glucose suppression in the groups with higher than average blood glucose level. However, no significant difference was found in another test, in which maltose was loaded to 13 adult subjects (mean age: 54.4±5.5). Although the glucose absorption at maltose hydrolysis in α-glucosidase reaction may be inhibited by indigestible dextrin like as that at starch hydrolysis, the results of the maltose loading test were varied.5) Since α-glucosidase is distributed over the small intestine wall, in order to inhibit co-transportation of the glucose into the blood in the hydrolysis of disaccharide by α-glucosidase, it is necessary for indigestible dextrin to also be distributed quickly over the same small intestine wall. If the loaded foods are taken in slowly, blood glucose level will describe a gradually increasing curve over time; similarly, if indigestible dextrin is taken in slowly, the distribution of the indigestible dextrin to the intestinal wall will be slow and inefficient for inhibition of glucose absorption.

著者

河合 睦文

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.49-52, 1978-04-20 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

著者

濱田 信夫 中村 正樹

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.6, pp.365-371, 2005 (Released:2005-12-07)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

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Three kinds of fungi were cultured on various media (including different 30 surfactants, anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, and cationic surfactants) and a comparison of their growth was made. The growth of all three fungi was inhibited by anionic, amphoteric, and cationic surfactants. In particular, no colonies of these fungi were found on 0.25% of these surfactants and only small colonies were found on 0.05%. On the other hand, although two fatty acid-amide type nonionic surfactants inhibited the growth of the three fungi, no inhibition on the their growth was found on media including other nonionics. For example, fatty-acid ester type nonionics promoted the growth of all three fungi. In particular, Scolecobasidium constrictum, a dominant fungus in washing machines, grew well on media including polyoxyethylene-alkylether nonionic surfactants, in contrast with Cladosporium cladosporioides, a common fungus in indoor environments. Fatty-acid amide type surfactants were noticed for their potential to be exploited in detergent for fungus-free washing machines.

著者

濱田 信夫 藤田 忠雄 中村 正樹

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.85-90, 2002-05-30 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2

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The sterilizing effects of laundry detergent and oxygen and chlorine bleach on fungal spores were examined. Bleach did not appreciably kill spores of common fungi such as Penicillium and Cladosporium species in water at 25°C, but, increase in water temperature accelerated the sterilizing effect of bleach. Hot water, higher than 30°C, with bleach was effective for killing fungal spores.Bleach is more effective than detergent for washing cloth samples contaminated with the species of Cladosporium used in 25°C water, although fungal spores are not effectively killed. Fungal mycelia are more sensitive to bleach than their spores, so mycelia on fabric are bleached more easily than their spores.

著者

増田 淳二 森脇 洋 福山 丈二

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.92-96, 2004 (Released:2005-01-27)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

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The deodorizing effects of tea leaves and used tea leaves were evaluated. Absorption capacities of sencha (Japanese green tea), hojicha (Japanese roasted tea), oolong tea and black tea for hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, toluene and ammonia were determined. These tea leaves were found to absorb small amounts of toluene and negligible amounts hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, but were very effective in absorbing. No correlation was found between the catechin concentrations of the tea leaves and their absorption capacities.

著者

芳住 邦雄

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.182-186, 1988-07-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

11

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The filtration of respirable particles by an absorbent gauze, one of the most popular mask materials, was examined from the standpoint of its hygienic validity. The ambient particulate matter with a diameter of less than 2.1μm was collected by rearranging the Andersen sampler stages. It was found that the collection efficiency of 10 layers of absorbent gauge was only 15% with respect to those res pirable particles. It is concluded that the effectiveness of an absorbent gauge mask is not sufficient because 85% of respirable particles in the ambient air will brake through it.

著者

宮崎 竹二 金子 ふさ 山岡 茂夫 福田 正則

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.5, pp.167-170, 1977 (Released:2010-10-28)

参考文献数

8

著者

清水 孝重 村井 浩 細野 恭平 藤井 正美

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.4, pp.183-192, 1995-07-30 (Released:2010-10-28)

参考文献数

57

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On January 1, 1948 (the 23rd year of Showa) the Food Sanitation Law was put into operation and 22 coloring matters were listed as food additives in the Food Sanitation Law Enforcement Regulation. Since then 3 new coloring matters have been approved and 14 have been delisted. The specifications and use restrictions have been revised many times. The latest specifications and use restrictions are described in the Sixth Edition of the Japanese Standards for Food Additives published in 1992.After enforcement of the Food Sanitation Law, the government had a legal basis toprohibit the use of unapproved coloring matters. However some food processors continued using unapproved coloring matters for about ten years. Government agencies, the food industry and the various food additive industries worked together to eliminate the use of unapproved coloring matters. According to a recent survey, foodstuffs colored with unapproved coloring matters have been driven almost completely out of the Japanese market.

著者

奥村 美代子 森下 恭子 森下 日出旗

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.5, pp.257-263, 1995-09-30 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

著者

今井 長兵衛

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.199-214, 2005 (Released:2005-08-08)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

2

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An alien species is defined as a species, subspecies or lower taxon occurring in a country or region outside that of its historically known range due to introduction by humans. Introduction can be either direct, as in the case of socio-economically valuable species that are imported, or indirect, as in the case of those that arrive accidentally together with imported goods and human immigrants. The term “invasive species” is given to alien species that, through predation, competitive substitution and gene contamination, adversely affect native biodiversity, the environment, agriculture, forestry, fisheries and human safety in the countries or regions to which they have newly immigrated. In Japan, the Invasive Alien Species Act was promulgated as of June 2, 2004, and went into force as of June 1, 2005. This article describes, first, factors affecting immigration, settlement and expansion of alien species, second, the present situation of recognized alien species in Japan and, third, countermeasures to be taken against alien species including invasive ones.

著者

山野 哲夫 清水 充 野田 勉

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.15-21, 1998-01-30 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

11

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The effects of ten so-called health teas on mice and isolated rat hepatocytes were examined. After seven oral treatments of mice with 1000mg/kg/day of lyophilisates of each sample, thymus and spleen weights, respectively were significantly decreased by tencha and banabacha. Histological examination revealed no adverse effects on these organs. However, red and white blood cell counts were significantly decreased by treatment with these two teas.With respect to the effects on isolated rat hepatocytes, lyophilisates of all samples caused dose-dependent decreases in cellular glutathione content, and, with two of them (tencha and banabacha), cell viability decreased substantially (to less than 60% of control value) at the highest dose tested (5000ppm).

著者

大西 隆志

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.4, pp.179-196, 1992-07-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

1

著者

芳倉 太郎 西尾 孝之 福永 勲

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.2, pp.49-64, 1999-03-30 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

3

著者

福永 勲

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.103-119, 1993-05-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

3

著者

若林 一郎

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.34-45, 2011-03-10 (Released:2011-03-18)

参考文献数

52

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Light-to-moderate alcohol drinking reduces the risk of atherosclerotic diseases such as coronary heart disease, ischemic-type stroke, and peripheral artery disease through the anti-atherosclerotic and anti-thrombotic effects of alcohol. These beneficial effects of alcohol are explained mainly by its blood lipid-improving actions, such as HDL cholesterol-increasing and LDL cholesterol-decreasing actions, and by its blood coagulation-suppressing actions, such as platelet aggregation-inhibiting, blood fibrinogen-decreasing, and plasminogen activator-increasing actions. These biological actions of alcohol are thought to be independent of the type of beverage and to be due to ethanol itself. On the other hand, excessive drinking and binge drinking increase the risk of hypertension, hemorrhagic-type stroke, arrhythmia, and cardiomyopathy. The guidelines of the international and Japanese societies of hypertension recommend that alcohol intake should be restricted to less than two drinks (24 g ethanol) per day in men and one drink (12 g ethanol) per day in women. Alcohol drinking should never be recommended for promotion of health in those who are currently nondrinkers since there is no way of predicting the future likelihood of excessive drinking and addiction. Moreover, individual background factors such as age, gender, body weight, history of smoking, history of hypertension therapy, and polymorphism of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes should be taken into account when considering alcohol intake volume suitable for each individual. The etiology of alcohol-induced hypertension and cardiomyopathy remains to be clarified. Future studies are also needed to determine whether light-to-moderate alcohol drinking is permissible in persons with atherosclerotic disease and in persons with risk factors for atherosclerosis.

著者

瓦家 千代子 大柴 恵一 来住 輝彦

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.83-88, 1989-03-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

11

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The variation of vitamin C and bacterium contents during the cooking and storage of chopped cabbage were studied by both hand and machine cooking under various conditions.The results are as follows.1) The water contents wear the same and had the constant value (93.9-95.5%) on each method.2) The loss of vitamin C was affected little by cooking and storing, the loss being about 25%. However, the ratio of vitamin C retention declined significantly (p<0.001) in cooking by hand and stocking in water.3) The number of bacterium and E. coli. increased to twice the reference during the cooking, while no increase was recognized in the storing.These results explain that chopped cabbage has little loss of vitamin C in cooking and storage, bacterium pollution is ignored for stock during one day in a cold storage.

著者

細谷 圭助

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.70-75, 1990-03-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

10

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市販魚類中のビタミンA含量の冷蔵・冷凍貯蔵中の変化を調べるために, ハマチとサバを試料とし, その変化の原因についても検討した。1. ハマチを4℃及び8℃で冷蔵貯蔵したとき, 血合肉及び普通肉中のレチノール含量は, 貯蔵期間が長くなるほど残存率は低下し, 10日後では冷蔵4℃のとき残存率が, それぞれ42.7及び49.0%であった。サバの場合も同様に減少し, 12日後では冷蔵温度4℃のとき血合肉及び普通肉の残存率は, それぞれ70.4及び52.0%であり, ハマチよりも高く, しかも冷蔵温度の影響が明らかであった。2. 冷凍貯蔵中のハマチのレチノール含量は, 貯蔵期間とともに減少し, 貯蔵温度が-18℃で30日後の血合肉及び普通肉中の残存率は, それぞれ15.6及び19.0%であった。サバの同条件下での血合肉及び普通肉中の残存率は, それぞれ38.5及び21.0%となり, ハマチとは異なり冷凍温度差が残存率にも影響した。3. サバを塩蔵し, 4℃で貯蔵したとき, 11日後のレチノールの残存率は, 62.1%であり, 冷蔵のみの残存率に比べわずかに高くなり, 18日後でも腐敗の兆候はみられなかった。4. ハマチの冷蔵 (4℃) 及び冷凍 (-18℃) 貯蔵中のTBA値は, いずれの場合も期間が長くなるに従い上昇した。冷蔵の場合は, 早期に急速に上昇し, 血合肉の方が普通肉より高い値であった。TBA値の上昇時期と魚肉中のレチノールの減少時期がほぼ一致していることから, 過酸化脂質の増加がレチノールの減少の原因の1つになっている可能性が示された。

著者

岡本 祐三

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.5, pp.213-227, 1991-09-10 (Released:2010-03-11)

著者

濱田 信夫

出版者

Osaka Urban Living and Health Association

雑誌

生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.3, pp.131-138, 2004 (Released:2005-01-27)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

4

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The distribution and composition of dirt on the interior of washing machines were examined. Dirt accumulated most at the bottom of spin tubs with large aluminum die-cast flanges and accumulated in constant weight in other parts. Dirt consisted of mold, textile fiber and zeolite, added to detergent as a water softener. Zeolite was a main component of dirt adhering to the interior of washing machines. Mold hyphae were present more in the upper part of the interior, and large amounts of textile fibers were contained in dirt from other parts of the interior. Weight of dirt on the spin tub increased with increasing of length of use, which differed from the quantity of surfactants on the interior. Environmental factors affecting mold contamination in automatic-type washing machines were also studied. As regards factors related to nutrients, no correlation was found between recycling of bath water and mold contamination in washing machines. However, the quantity of surfactant adhering to the washing machine interior was found to promote mold contamination. Ways of controlling mold contamination in washing machines are also discussed.