著者

垣尾 政之 宮下 敬宏 光永 法明 石黒 浩 萩田 紀博

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.6, pp.485-492, 2008-09-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Humans always sway their body when they are standing. Since the swaying is natural for human, they are not conscious of the swaying. However, today, almost all robots are designed to reduce the swaying to ensure stabilities. If communication robots can control the swaying appropriately, it might help humans to anthropomorphize the robot. In this paper, we evaluate how the swaying of a humanoid robot affects human swaying and their impressions. We measured human and robot's neck movement and asked them to answer a questionnaire after the experiments. We discovered that human swaying and impressions were affected by the robot's swaying. Human swaying is always observed whenever communications are performed. In order to apply the swaying to humanoid robots, we only use wheel control. Additionally, we can make the robot's swaying and do other actions on their upper bodies. So the result of this paper will explain how to make robots' swaying.

著者

小谷内 範穗 安達 弘典 新井 健生

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.7, pp.968-976, 1996-10-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

5 7

---

Human works like handling objects, carrying loads, assembling parts, and cutting parts, are completed by the combination of both leg locomotion and hand manipulation, in the various fields of construction, agricultural fields, factory, and home. The authors propose a new concept for the integration of locomotion and manipulation, “the Integrated Limb Mechanism.” The concept covers the technical fields both of the control integration and of the mechanism integration necessary for the practical working robot.Here, a six-bar linkage mechanism with four degrees of freedom is introduced as an example of integrated limb mechanism with both advantages in leg and in arm with consideration for mechanical design. Computer simulation with the dynamic model is performed to verify the transformability from leg posture into arm posture of the mechanism. The kinematic analysis by the manipulatability ellipsoid is done to evaluate the different motion rates between the leg posture and the arm posture. Some useful tasks are considered suitable to the mechanism.

著者

青沼 仁志

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.1, pp.6-10, 2005-01-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 2

著者

黒河 治久 吉田 英一 神村 明哉 富田 康治 村田 智 小鍜治 繁

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.8, pp.855-859, 2003-11-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2 9

著者

金子 真 横井 一仁 鈴木 夏夫 谷江 和雄

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.62-70, 1989-02-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 1

---

プーリ・ワイヤ駆動系におけるトルクセンシングはこれまでプーリ両端のワイヤにそれぞれ張力センサを押し付けることにより行なわれていた.この万法では対応するトルクは2つの張力信号をアナログ演算回路に入れ両者の差をとることにより得られるため, 原理的に1軸あおり2個の張力センサを必要としていた.さらにこの方法はたとえ駆動トルクがプーリに作用していなくてもワイヤ張力に比例したバイアス力がセンサ部に作用するため, 残留応力やダイナミックレンジが広くとれないなどの欠点を有していた.本論文では駆動軸回りに発生するトルクがプーリ両端の張力差に比例することに着目して張力差動形のトルクセンサを提案している.次にトルクサーボ系を設計する上で重要な指標となるセンサの等価回転剛性を導入し, センサの幾何学的パラメータや外界の剛性がサーボ系のループゲインに及ぼす影響について, アームの慣性モーメントが無視できるという仮定のもとで考察している.

著者

中村 仁彦 関口 暁宣

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.6, pp.918-926, 1997-09-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Chaos represents one of mysterious rich behaviors of nonlinear dynamical systems. A lot of research efforts have been done for mathematical theory behind chaos. In this paper, we develop a method to provide a mobile robot with the chaotic nature. The chaotic mobile robot implies a mobile robot with a controller that ensures chaotic motion. According to the phase tansitivity, one of the two basic features with the sharp dependence on initial condition that characterize chaos, the chaotic mobile robot is guaranteed to scan the whole connected work space. For scanning motion, the chaotic robot does not require the map of work space. It only requires to measure the normal of boundary when it comes close. A mobile robot with such characteristics may find its applications as a patrol robot or a cleaning robot in a closed floor or building. The sharp dependence on initial condition also yields a favourable nature as a patrol robot since the scanning trajectory becomes highly unpredictable. We design the controller such that the total dynamics of mobile robot is represented by the Arnold equation, which is known to show the behavior of non-compressive perfect fluid. Experimental results illustrate the usefulness of the proposed controller.

著者

田島 不二夫 下山 勲 三浦 宏文

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.5, pp.393-396, 1988-10-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

5

---

作業者と作業対象物とのインタラクションを表現するインピーダンス・モデルがHoganによって提案されている.これを「こま回し」に適用し, モデルの係数を位置情報のみをもとに同定する.同定された係数を用いて, 観測された作業者の手先軌道をマニピュレータが再現可能なものへと再構成する方法を述べる.

著者

小林 宏 原 文雄 内田 豪 大野 宗久

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.155-163, 1994-01-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

16 43

---

In order to develop “Active Human Interface (AHI) ” that realizes heart-to-heart communication between intelligent machine and human being, we've been undertaking the investigation of the method for improving the sensitivity or “KANSEI” communication between intelligent machine and human being. This paper deals with the mechanical aspects of “Face Robot” that produces facial expressions in order to express the artificial emotions as similar as human being. As actuators move the face skin of the face robot, we select the flexible microactuator (FMA) driven by air pressure for the sake of moving the control points of the face robot corresponding to Action Unit (AU) s, and we design the aluminium frame of the Face Robot for disposing the FMA and then we make the skull frame onto the aluminium frame. The skin of the face robot made by silicon rubber covers up the skull frame. Then we undertake psychological recognition test by showing the face images of 6 basic facial expressions expressed on the Face Robot, and the results show us that the correct recognition ratio accomplishes 83.3% for 6 basic facial expressions. This high ratio shows the possibility of Face Robot as a “KANSEI” communication medium between intelligent machine and human being.

著者

岩村 吉晃

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.5, pp.438-444, 1984-10-30 (Released:2010-12-09)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

8 13

著者

玄 相昊 上條 敏 美多 勉

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.4, pp.453-462, 2002-05-15

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

10 11

---

As many biomechanists indicate, tendon plays important role for running or jumping motion. It stores the kinetic energy as a potential energy during stance and also absorbs the impulse at touch down. Inspired by such biomechanical studies, we propose a new simple mechanical model for hindlimb of a dog to realize a robot which imitates dog running, and the hardware design of one-legged running robot, "Kenken" The robot has an articulated leg and uses two hydraulic actuators as muscles and a tensile spring as a tendon. Using an empirical controller based on the characteristic dynamics of the model, the robot has succeeded in planar one-legged running. Although the problem related to the stability at the higher running speed remains, the experimental results demonstrate that the proposed leg mechanism is effective for robotic running.

著者

五百井 清 村上 綾伸

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.142-148, 2001-01-15 (Released:2010-08-10)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This paper deals with the turning motion mechanism of a brush-type micro robot using cyclic centrifugal forces. Many wheeled type robots may turn usually along the tangential velocity generated by the rolling wheels. However, the micro robot proposed here has different turning property from the usual mobile robots. First, we derive a two dimensional rolling model of the brush-type robot accompanied with cyclic centrifugal forces, and indicate the existence of the lateral force toward the robot by the computer simulations and the simple mathematical analysis. Next, to confirm the turning motion mechanism caused by the lateral force, we have experiments of the turning motion using some kinds of prototype, and then acquire some experimental data concerned with circle trajectories. Finally, we conclude the validity of the turning motion mechanism caused by the lateral forces which the cyclic centrifugal force generates.

著者

石山 敏規 高橋 隆行 中野 栄二

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.4, pp.526-533, 1999-05-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

4 9

---

The main purpose of this research is to study and develop a robust sonar system for mobile robots. In this way, some researchers have made sonar systems which calculate the cross-correlation between the transmitted signal and the received one. However, as the number of patterns of transmitted signals are practically limited, there would be possible erroneous measurements by sonar sensors, especially when the number of the sensors is increased.In this paper, we theoretically estimate the probability of erroneous measurement by the sonar sensors, which depends on the number of the sensors and the form of the transmitted signal. Then, we designed the shape of the emitted signals so that the probability of having an erroneous measurement is in a defined range.

著者

淺間 一 佐藤 雅俊 後藤 伸之 嘉悦 早人 松元 明弘 遠藤 勲

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.7, pp.1043-1049, 1997-10-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

5 6

---

A new type of cooperation called mutual handling is introduced in this paper, which enables a multi-robot system to achieve an advanced functionality that cannot be realized by a single robot, and as an application of mutual handling, a method of cooperative transportation for two autonomous mobile robots to climb over a large step by operating each forklifts cooperatively is proposed, which cannot be overcome by a single robot. Then, a forklift mechanism for mutual handling is designed, and two autonomous mobile robots equipped with the forklifts are developed. Finally, a cooperative transportation method in which two autonomous mobile robots are controlled based on communication is presented, and the step-climbing motion by cooperative transportation is proved feasible by showing the experimental results using the developed omni-directional mobile robots.

著者

小谷内 範穗 皿田 滋 菅原 一宏

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.6, pp.514-521, 2008-09-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

4 4

---

Authors have been conducting the research on the unmanned pile loading operation by an automated wheel loader, “Yamazumi-4.”The system is a fully self-contained autonomous system. The unmanned wheel loader has various sensors to measure the self-position, the position of pile, and the position of the dump truck to be loaded. After path planning according to the positions of the pile, the truck, and loader itself, the path following control guarantees the total task completion consists of targeting the pile, scooping the pile, carrying a bucket of pile to the truck, loading the pile to the truck, and re-going to the pile. For the accurate positioning control, RTK GPS and Moving Base GPS systems are combined to the dead reckoning based on the virtual dual wheel vehicle model. The dead reckoning calculated by the wheel velocity and steering angles can not avoid accumulating the positioning errors. Although lower rate Moving Base RTK GPS system supplies more accurate global position and heading direction data, they contain time delay. Authors developed the algorithm to detect the time delay of the GPS data by comparing to the recent dead reckoning data and to re-calculate the current position and direction from GPS data. The path following feedback system is developed to follow the line part and the curve part in the planned path. The planned curve part consists of a pair of the symmetric psuedo clothoid curves. For the sure loading task, the path following control is switched to the bucket tip position control helped by the laser range finders. In the scooping task, bucket control is switched by the reaction force measured by the hydraulic pressure sensor. Totally the whole tasks were well controlled and completed.

著者

谷 淳

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.4, pp.474-477, 1996-05-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

著者

西山 裕之 大林 真人 大和田 勇人 溝口 文雄

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.5, pp.620-631, 2001-07-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 2

---

This paper describes a concurrent logic programming language MRL for use in developing programs to cooper-atively control multiple robots. MRL describes actions of each robot and sensor as sets of logical formula. MRL enable us to easily implement complex tasks such as concurrency control, cooperation and negotiation between pro-cesses, and emergent event handling for multiple robots. We conducted an experiment on program development for paper delivery task by cooperation with mobile robots, manipulators and cameras to demonstrate the advantages of MRL programming framework. The results indicated that the MRL programs were more abstract and natural than conventional procedure-oriented programs, resulting in realization of flexible cooperation. Since MRL programs are compiled into C programs with little overhead, NIRL is useful as a multiple robot programming language efficient in both program execution and development.

著者

吉川 恒夫

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.4, pp.312-316, 1987-08-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

30

著者

中村 仁彦 山根 克 永嶋 史朗

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.8, pp.1152-1159, 1998-11-15

被引用文献数

24 1

---

This paper discusses the dynamics computation of structure-varying kinematic chains which imply mechanical link systems whose structure may change from open kinematic chain to closed one and vice versa. The proposed algorithm can handle and compute dynamics and motions of any rigid link systems in a seamless manner without switching among algorithms. The computation is developed on the foundation of the dynamics computation algorithms developed in robotics, which is inherently superior in efficiency due to explicit use of the generalized coordinates to those used in the general purpose motion analysis software. The structure varying kinematic chains are commonly found in computing human and animal motions. The established computation will provide the general algorithmic foundation of the computation of motion and control of humanoid robots and CG human figures.

著者

田川 聖治 小西 健太 井上 克已

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.7, pp.892-900, 2004-10-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

41

---

From the viewpoint of the Affordance Theory advocated by J. J. Gibson, an ecological approach for realizing artificial skills is presented in contrast to the conventional paradigm of behavior-based robots known as “sense, think and act”.A perception-driven robot demonstrates the usefulness of the ecological approach through the assembly task of mating several parts on a plane. Instead of action-rules based on sensory information, the proposed robot employs a kind of oscillator, Action Pattern Generator (APG), for taking active action before perception. The limitations of the simple robot, the actions of which are dominated by APG, are also discussed. Then, in order to compensate APG for lack of the rationality in choosing actions, two types of memories, namely Working Memory (WM) and Episodic Memory (EM), are introduced into the robot's brain. Consequently, the perception-driven robot has the abilities to distinguish the shapes of various parts, mount them in right places, and stop its motion automatically.

著者

森 政弘

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.2-5, 1997-01-15 (Released:2010-08-10)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

9 11