著者

藤生 新

出版者

美術出版社

雑誌

美術手帖 (ISSN:02872218)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1071, pp.164-167, 2018-10

著者

Jones W. Vernon

出版者

Physical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of the Physical Society of Japan (ISSN:00319015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, pp.101-107, 2009

---

The cosmic-ray community has produced a steady stream of science results with both space-based and balloon-borne experiments. Low-energy cosmic rays have been studied with satellites since the dawn of the space age, but stratospheric balloons have provided all of the direct high-energy data. Results extending beyond 10¹⁴eV from balloon flights in Antarctica now overlap indirect ground based observations in the energy range below the knee (∼3 ×10¹⁵eV). Ultra long-duration balloon flights with super-pressure balloons might allow direct observations to reach 10¹⁵eV within the next decade, but larger aperture space missions with longer exposures may be needed to connect cosmic ray composition to supernovae. Space instruments looking down on the Earth's atmosphere, creating a detector as wide as the Earth, could provide information about astrophysical accelerators involving the intense gravity around black holes, neutron stars, and the largest electromagnetic fields known.

著者

難波 恒雄 久保 道徳 御影 雅幸

出版者

日本生薬学会 = The Japanese Society of Pharmacognosy

雑誌

生薬学雑誌 (ISSN:00374377)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.p171-182, 1976-12

---

"Xia-ku-cao (夏枯草)" is one of the Chinese crude drugs used mainly as a diuretic. While in Japan, the same drug called "Ka-go-so" has been used as a folk remedy for gonorrhea, bruises and etc. Regarding the origin of "Xia-ka-cao," it was reported by Su et al. (1958) that those from continental China was originated in the fruited spica of Prunella vulgaris L. of Labiatae. It was, however, stipulated for the spica of Prunella vulgaris L. subsp. asiatica HARA in J. P. IX (1976). According to our survey of respective markets in Taiwan, Japan and Korea, most of the materials collected in the markets were seemed to be originated in Prunella plants, while some from Korea, were seemed to be Thesium plant of Santalaceae as reported by Ishidoya (1934). Furthermore from many descriptions and figures in various herbals (Ben-cdo-shil "Xia-ka-cao" is regarded to be originated in Prunella plants as shown Plate 1. To clarify the respective origin of five kinds of "Xia-ku-cad' from continental China, Taiwan, Japan and Korea, pharmacognostical studies were made in comparing them with Prunella vulgaris L. distributed mainly in Europe, P. vulgaris L. subsp. asiatica HARA in East Asia, P. prunelliformis MAKINO in Japan and Thesium chinense TURCZ. in Asia. By the present studies, it was clarified that all of "Xia-ka-cao" originated in Prunella plants were P. vulgaris subsp. asiatica, and the materials from continental China were consisted of spica only, while those from other countries were whole plants body of that plant, and some from Korea originated in Thesium chinense.

著者

森永 康子 船田 紗緒里 小川 葵 野中 りょう 矢吹 圭 董 星宇

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.189-198, 2019-03-31

---

本論文は,2018年度に広島大学教育学部で開講された心理学課題演習において,第1著者の指導により第2著者から第6著者が実施した研究をもとに執筆したものである。研究の一部は第2著者から第5著者により中国四国心理学会第74回大会学部生研究発表会において報告された。また,本研究はJSPS科研費JP18K03007の助成を受けた。

著者

廣瀬 春香 服巻 豊 尾形 明子

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.175-188, 2019-03-31

---

University students experience many difficult problems that can lead to mental illness. However, many students can solve these problems by making efforts to confront them. Previous research has showed that social support, generalized self-efficacy, future time perspective, task motivation, and difficulty of the problem are related to solving difficult problems; moreover, some of these factors are connected to each other. In this research, the primary aim was to identify the process of making an effort to confront problems, for which I have developed a hypothetical model. Additionally, students grow up in the four years of their university life. The second aim was to identify the difference between grades in the hypothesized process model. The questionnaire was completed by 399 students (96 freshmen, 95 sophomores, 89 juniors, 69 seniors, and 50 graduates). Covariance structure analysis was performed for the entire sample. The result supported the hypothetical model of making efforts, but some new connections were found. In other words, all psychological factors were complexly connected to each other. Then, I performed covariance structure analysis for my hypothetical model for each grade and compared the models. The results of this comparison showed that the strength of correlation of all factors were different across the grades. Although the factor of future time perspective had no effect on the model for the 1st grade, the effect increased with subsequent grades. Additionally, the effect of the factor of generalized self-efficacy increased with each grade.

著者

田中 光 山根 嵩史 中條 和光

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.159-173, 2019-03-31

---

A scale for assessing report writing strategies based on audience awareness was developed and validated. In a pilot study, we collected strategies and techniques used for improving the understanding of reports through free descriptions of participants (N = 29). Then, we conducted a questionnaire survey with undergraduate participants (N = 156) using the strategies identified in the pilot study. Exploratory factor analysis of their responses indicated seven factors: "Checking the logical structure and context", "Checking expressions and grammatical errors", "Checking by others", "Checking the format", "Simplifying sentences", "Writing attractive sentences for readers", and "Proofreading". To assess the validity of the scale, we examined if the scale identified differences in use of strategies between participants. Participants were classified into high and low score groups based on their characteristics such as the frequency of writing reports and self-efficacy of report writing. Results indicated that Checking the logical structure and context and Writing sentences attractive for readers were significantly higher in the high compared to the low group. Also, participants were classified into high and low score groups based on their experience in report writing such as the frequency of feedback from teachers and peer reviews by students. Results indicated that Checking by others and Checking the format in the high group were significantly higher than in the low group. These findings suggest that the scale is effective for identifying the usage of report writing strategies based on audience awareness.

著者

重松 潤 尾形 明子 伊藤 義徳

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.135-148, 2019-03-31

---

The purposes of the present article are to explain an outline about cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and "total conviction". The effectiveness of CBT has been demonstrated by studies conducted in a number of countries. As a predecessor of CBT, cognitive therapy proposed the importance of examining cognitive factors such as "automatic thought" and "schemas". CBT supposes that efficient treatment is accomplished by restructuring these constructs. However, there is confusion regarding the understanding of cognitive modification and the difficulty of accurately capturing cognitive modification in a clinical situation. Negative effects, such as worsening of the therapeutic relationship and the occurrence of anxiety and depression, have been reported in some cases where a cognitive approach was used with a patient. The current study suggests that some therapists use a perspective of "total conviction" to solve these problems. A previous study revealed that "total conviction" is a cognitive factor that can enable this behavior. However, previous studies of "total conviction" involve several limitations. Finally, we discuss the potential future directions of research on "total conviction". We suggest that further study of "total conviction" may enable replication of the treatment process of CBT.

著者

松本 美涼 藤原 裕弥 尾形 明子

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.149-158, 2019-03-31

---

The current study sought to investigate the relationship between the focus of attention and state anxiety during a public speaking situation involving social anxiety . In a preliminary investigation, undergraduate students responded to a questionnaire based on the Two-dimensional Social Phobic Tendency and Narcissistic Personality Scale-Short version (TENS-S). A previous study using the TENS-S suggested that social anxiety could be divided into two subtypes (high anthropophobic tendency and high narcissistic personality, or high anthropophobic tendency and low narcissistic personality). The high anthropophobic tendency and high narcissistic personality group (HH group) was predicted to exhibit increased anxiety with self-focused attention and other-focused attention. The high anthropophobic tendency and low narcissistic personality group (HL group) was predicted to exhibit increased anxiety with other-focused attention. After screening, 30 undergraduate students were divided into one of three groups based on their questionnaire scores; HH group (n = 8), HL group (n = 9), and low social anxiety group (n = 12). Participants were asked to undertake a speech task to increase state anxiety. Following the speech task, participants rated the direction of changes in attention and the level of state anxiety. The results indicated that self-focused attention and other-focused attention were facilitated in public speaking situations.

著者

橋本 淳也 渡邊 洋一 宮谷 真人 中尾 敬

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.127-134, 2019-03-31

---

Previous studies have reported that positive autobiographical memories are involuntarily retrieved on a daily basis and often accompany mood changes. Previous studies have used subjective report methods to measure the impact of involuntary retrieval on mood. However, subjective report methods are known to be easily distorted by social desirability and demand characteristics. To avoid this problem, we applied the measurement of implicit mood and examined the impact of involuntary positive memory on mood. Sixty-four participants participated in the experiment and 48 participants were included in the analyses. Participants carried out an easy task in which the retrieval cue was presented, to induce an involuntary positive memory. Participants were also asked to rate the mood of nonsense words in order to measure implicit mood before and after the task. The results demonstrated that the involuntary positive memory retrieval increased positive mood in participants who exhibited lower positive implicit mood before the involuntary memory retrieval. We experimentally demonstrated that involuntarily retrieved positive memories can improve implicit mood.

著者

福留 広大 森永 康子

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.107-126, 2019-03-31

---

本研究はJSPS科研費(JP16J03013)によって実現しました。

著者

三木 あかね 中島 健一郎

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.91-105, 2019-03-31

---

本研究の一部は第11回ドリームチャレンジ賞(H29)研究費により行われました。本論文は,広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学専攻に提出した平成29年度修士論文をもとに執筆したものである。本研究の一部は,日本社会心理学会第57回大会(2016年度)および中四国心理学会第72回大会(2016年度)で発表した。しかし,上記の学会発表では執筆者の不手際により,誤った分析結果を発表していた。再分析した結果が29年度修士論文および本論文の結果になる。

著者

上野山 莉加 岡本 祐子

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.67-90, 2019-03-31

---

The current study examined the relationships between borderline personality traits, mother-and-child image and internal objects in adolescence. Questionnaires were distributed to 253 university students. In total, data from 227 participants were analyzed after excluding incomplete responses. The results revealed that, even among those who established stable mother-child relationships in early childhood and for whom "good subjects" were internalized, there was only a positive correlation with "concerns about disgust" or "connection desire". In addition, there was a positive correlation between "bad subjects" as "relationship breaks" and "non-permanent objects" as "concerns about aversion," "isolation", and "connection desire". These findings suggest that some young people desire to be hated and have connections with others. However, when characteristics such as breaking a relationship or feeling a vague sense of isolation are added, interpersonal relationships were found to be unstable, representing more borderline personality traits. In addition, we conducted interviews with 12 university students and examined how mother-child relationships in early childhood and internal objects influenced current borderline personality traits. The results revealed that, even for young participants with a stable mother-to-child relationship, youth-related characteristics and previous interpersonal relationships could affect borderline personality traits.

著者

神原 広平 吉良 悠吾 尾形 明子

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.45-53, 2019-03-31

---

Preventative interventions for depression in high school students are often targeted to cognitive-behavioral factors, such as maladaptive cogitation, inadequate social skills, or rumination. Although previous research has revealed that cognitive-behavioral factors are important for reducing depression, there is little evidence regarding the factors that most effectively predict increased depression in high school students. Therefore, we sought to identify the most predictable long-term cognitive-behavioral factors in depression by comparing these three factors. We conducted a 1-year two-wave longitudinal questionnaire survey with 51 high school students. The results revealed that only rumination predicted depression after 1 year, but the predictive effect was relatively small. Moreover, maladaptive cognition and social skills, which are usually targeted by prevention intervention, did not account for increased depression. The current findings suggest that it would be valuable for future studies to further clarify which factors affect depression among high school students.

著者

福井 亜由美 岡本 祐子

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.1-20, 2019-03-31

---

The experience of transferring from one culture to another during childhood can represent a crisis of identity for some individuals. "Third Culture Kids" are children who grew up outside their parents' culture during their developmental years, leading them to develop a third cultural perspective. Previous studies have reported that the experience of transferring to different culture is often accompanied by identity-related difficulties. Ethnic identity is an aspect of collective identity that plays a particularly important role among members of cultural minority groups. Stable ethnic identity can help members of cultural minorities form identities and maintain stable mental health. Family relationships also play an important role in identity. The current study had two main aims: (1) examining the relationships between ethnic identity, identity scale scores, general health questionnaire scores, and background factors, and (2) examining family relationships among people in Japan who experienced a cross-cultural transition during school age. The results revealed two important characteristics for adaptation and the development of identity: experiencing cross-cultural transition during early school age (6-12 years old) affect ethnic identity development as Japanese, and stable environment, including family relationships, and having a concept of ethnic identity from early childhood.

著者

福井 亜由美 岡本 祐子

出版者

広島大学大学院教育学研究科心理学講座

雑誌

広島大学心理学研究 (ISSN:13471619)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.21-44, 2019-03-31

---

The experience of transferring from one culture to another during childhood can represent a crisis of identity for some individuals. "Third Culture Kids" are children who grew up outside their parents' culture during their developmental years, leading them to develop a third cultural perspective. Previous studies have reported that the experience of transferring to different culture is often accompanied by identity-related difficulties. Ethnic identity is an aspect of collective identity that plays a particularly important role among members of cultural minority groups. Stable ethnic identity can help members of cultural minorities form identities and maintain stable mental health. Family relationships also play an important role in identity. The main aim of the current study is to discuss the developmental process of ethnic identity among people in Japan who experienced a cross-cultural transition during school age. The results revealed two important characteristics for adaptation and the development of identity: a stable environment, including family relationships, and having a concept of ethnic identity from early childhood. The current findings suggested that cross-cultural experience may affect the order of developmental stages. Since cross-cultural experience involves a difference between the self and others, children in ethnic minorities may differentiate themselves from other children before adolescence while living in a host culture, and may identify with other third culture kids after returning to their home culture.

著者

フランク・ザッパ ピーター・オチオグロッソ著 茂木健訳

出版者

河出書房新社

巻号頁・発行日

2004

著者

[高橋富兄] [著]

出版者

[高橋富兄]

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[25], 1000

著者

吉田 寛

出版者

静岡大学情報学部

雑誌

静岡大学情報学研究 (ISSN:13420909)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.59-66, 2013-03-29

著者

堀栄 美希 寳川 拓生 川満 芳信

出版者

日本作物学会

雑誌

日本作物学会講演会要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.247, 2019

著者

屋比久 貴之 仲村 一郎 下地 沙也加

出版者

日本作物学会

雑誌

日本作物学会講演会要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.247, 2019