著者

木田 悟史

出版者

日本比較文化学会

雑誌

比較文化研究 = Studies in comparative culture (ISSN:09140247)

巻号頁・発行日

no.115, pp.125-133, 2015-02-28

著者

高畑 常信

出版者

徳島文理大学

雑誌

徳島文理大学研究紀要 (ISSN:02869829)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, pp.(1)-(28), 2015-03

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Gui (鬼) and Shen (神) are the ancestral souls and gods of a mountain or river. Guai, (怪), Li (力), Luan (乱), and Shen (神) are gods that use a supernatural creature, which revolts against order, and mountains and rivers. Kongzi (孔子) prayed to these deities and taught people to obtain happiness and profits through their own efforts without asking for such. However, many people thing that they would like to obtain happiness simply without having a longing for the things with the "mystical supernatural power" which man cannot know, and without going through a painful struggle. Although Kongzi (孔子) taught the ideal in opposition to many people following the social customs of the day, many people must have followed the social custom rather than his ideal. Previously work by academics have focused on stone monuments with an inscription of three characters (Shigandang:石敢當) or five characters (Taishanshigandang:泰山石敢當). These monuments pay homage to an evil spirit and although the custom of erecting such started in China, they can been see in various places in Japan. For example, Okinawa (沖縄) and their surrounding islands such as Amami Oshima (奄美大島) and Tokunoshima (徳之島), as well as Kagoshima (鹿児島), Miyazaki (宮崎) and Akita (秋田) prefecture. I investigated various sites in Okinawa with Shigandang and noted their locations on a map. There are very few place where Shigandang can be seen. This paper presents a different viewpoint taken by many so far and examines the historical progress of the Shigandang from past to present.

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.102, no.3, pp.745-764, 2013 (Released:2014-03-10)

著者

栫 大也

出版者

九州歴史科学研究会

雑誌

九州歴史科学 (ISSN:13455761)

巻号頁・発行日

no.42, pp.56-64, 2014-12

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.103, no.3, pp.760-779, 2014-03-10 (Released:2015-03-10)

著者

幸島 光義

出版者

九州大学中国文学会

雑誌

中国文学論集 (ISSN:02863715)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.111-124, 2013-12-25

著者

岩切 徹

出版者

朝日新聞出版

雑誌

アエラ (ISSN:09148833)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.48, pp.70-74, 2010-11-01

著者

甲斐 あかり

出版者

全国英語教育学会

雑誌

全国英語教育学会紀要 (ISSN:13448560)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.249-264, 2011

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For many years, language researchers have been using retelling (free oral retelling) and recall (free written recall) tasks as both measures of reading comprehension and teaching aids. However, no research has yet directly compared these two tasks and some studies have just mixed the two tasks. The purpose of this study is to reveal both commonalities and differences between these two tasks. Attempts were made to examine (a) whether or not the quality and quantity of information reproduced differ between the two tasks, (b) which task facilitates reading comprehension more, and (c) how the two tasks influence readers' metacomprehension. The results for 69 undergraduate students showed that the quality and quantity of information produced by these two tasks did not differ, indicating that the levels of task difficulty were identical; in addition, they indicated that retelling facilitated reading comprehension more than recall. Furthermore, an investigation using a questionnaire revealed that retelling prompted readers to use more various strategies than recall. The reconstruction process as well as the various strategies that were used in the retelling condition is considered as the reason for the gains in deeper understanding. The empirical evidence supports the claim that retelling should be used as a teaching aid and recall as a measure of comprehension.

著者

山神 進

出版者

立命館大学経済学会

雑誌

立命館経済学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.3, pp.458-477, 2005-09

著者

加藤 国雄

出版者

野村アセット投信研究所

雑誌

ファンドマネジメント

巻号頁・発行日

no.40, pp.88-91, 2004

著者

天笠 崇

出版者

医学書院

雑誌

公衆衛生 (ISSN:03685187)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.129-132, 2009-02

著者

尾崎富五郎 図

出版者

尾崎富五郎

巻号頁・発行日

1876

著者

木部 暢子

出版者

日本語学会

雑誌

國語學 (ISSN:04913337)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.4, pp.28-33, 2001-11-30

著者

城生 佰太郎 三上 司

出版者

筑波大学

雑誌

文藝言語研究. 言語篇 (ISSN:03877515)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.143-165, 1981

著者

松森 晶子

出版者

日本言語学会

雑誌

言語研究 (ISSN:00243914)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1989, no.95, pp.120-143, 1989-03-25 (Released:2010-11-26)

参考文献数

15

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According to early autosegmental treatments of pitch-accent languages, such as Goldsmith (1976), Haraguchi (1977, 1978, 1979), each pitch-accent language has a finite number of Basic Tone Melodies, and tones are mapped to tone bearing units with regard to the universal convention known as the Well Formedness Condition. Rather than the concept of Basic Tone Melody, the present paper, basically continuing on from the idea given by Pulleyblank (1983), suggests that each tone is introduced to the tonal tier, one by one, by tonal rules. The correlative assumption of this approach is that tones are not automatically associated to tone bearing units by the Well Formedness Condition, but mapped to them only if specified by a particular association rule.The ultimate purpose of this study is to develop a type of approach to Japanese pitch-accent systems that incorporates recent developments in the autosegmental theory of other tonal and pitch-accent languages. Based on the notions such as floating tone, extratonality, etc., this paper presents a theory of tonal rules, which aims to explain all the varieties of Japanese pitch-accent systems, whereby all predictable information is not included by underlying phonological entries, but rather is ultimately supplied by a finite number of parameters.

出版者

金港堂

巻号頁・発行日

1911

著者

許 紀霖 鈴木 規夫 加々美 光行

出版者

愛知大学国際問題研究所

雑誌

愛知大学国際問題研究所紀要 (ISSN:05157781)

巻号頁・発行日

no.137, pp.1-28, 2011-03

著者

Nobuhiko Mori Hiroshi Horino Akiyoshi Matsugi Noriyuki Kamata Koichi Hiraoka

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.5, pp.1287-1290, 2015 (Released:2015-05-26)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

4

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[Purpose] We investigated the effect of rhythmic ankle movement on the contralateral soleus H-reflex. The H-reflex was evoked from the right soleus muscle. [Subjects and Methods] Healthy humans rhythmically moved the left ankle (movement condition) or held the left ankle stationary (stationary condition) at one of three positions corresponding to the ankle positions at which the H-reflex was evoked in the movement condition. The background electromyographic amplitude in the right soleus muscle was maintained at 10% of the maximum voluntary contraction level, and that in the right tibialis anterior muscle was matched between the stationary and movement conditions. [Results] The soleus H-reflex was suppressed throughout all phases of contralateral rhythmic ankle movement. [Conclusion] Rhythmic movement of the contralateral joint suppresses the H-reflex in the muscle that is the prime mover of the joint homologous to the rhythmically moving joint. This inhibitory mechanism may be activated during unilateral rhythmic movement to isolate the motor control of the moving ankle from that of the contralateral stationary ankle.

著者

『季論21』編集委員会 [編]

出版者

本の泉社(発売)

巻号頁・発行日

2008

著者

五木 寛之 山田 有策

出版者

北九州市立松本清張記念館

雑誌

松本清張研究

巻号頁・発行日

no.16, pp.6-28, 2015