著者

浦山 きか

出版者

東北大学文学部中国文学研究室

雑誌

東北大學中國語學文學論集 (ISSN:13426168)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.167-194, 2011-11-30

著者

沈 嘉琳

出版者

北海道大学大学院文学院

雑誌

研究論集 (ISSN:24352799)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.53-72, 2023-01-31

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本稿は、作品の構造と物語内容の展開の角度から『騎士団長殺し』における歴史的な要素を検討するものである。村上春樹『騎士団長殺し』において、アンシュルス(独墺併合)と南京大虐殺の二つの歴史的事件は、雨田具彦が制作した絵「騎士団長殺し」の隠れた背景として描かれる。作品の歴史的な要素に関する従来の議論の多くは、作品内容の特定の部分を取り上げている。それに対し、本稿はアダプテーションの観点から『騎士団長殺し』を捉え、作品全体の構造と物語内容の展開に着目し、作品の歴史的な要素の意味を明らかにするのを目的とする。絵「騎士団長殺し」の導きによって、主人公「私」は四つの絵画(「免色の肖像画」、「白いスバル・フォレスターの男」、「秋川まりえの肖像画」、「雑木林の中の穴」)を創作した。筆者は作品のクライマックスである「私」の騎士団長殺しの行為を、絵「騎士団長殺し」を三次元へと翻案する行為として解読した。そのような「私」の翻案行為の内実として、この作品には重層的な翻案が認められる。「私」による絵「騎士団長殺し」の翻案は、ドン・ファンの伝説を元にしたモーツァルトのオペラ『ドン・ジョバンニ』の創作と共通する部分がある。また、「私」の翻案行為は、『ドン・ジョバンニ』から絵「騎士団長殺し」を創作する過程に介在した画家の歴史経験からも影響を受ける。重層的な翻案から影響を受ける一方、主人公「私」の個人的な要素も翻案行為に導入される。そのような重層的な翻案は作品内部で完結するのではなく、作品の外部まで延長され、本作品『騎士団長殺し』を受容する読者もまた重層的な翻案の一翼を担うのである。さらに、作品で重要な位置を占める上田秋成の短編小説「二世の縁」と本作品『騎士団長殺し』から、倫理制度に囚われず、実生活に着目するという同一の主題を捉えることができる。この点は村上春樹が主張する自分なりの物語を作る能力とも響き合う。作品『騎士団長殺し』からは構造と内容の両面において、個人とシステム、正当性が付与される行為、倫理制度の制限などに関する問題を看取でき、読者への「物語作り」のメッセージも作品から発信されているのである。

著者

牛垣雄矢

出版者

東京学芸大学地理学会

雑誌

学芸地理 (ISSN:09112693)

巻号頁・発行日

no.69, pp.30-45, 2014-03-31

著者

川名 好裕

出版者

立正大学心理学研究所

雑誌

立正大学心理学研究所紀要 (ISSN:13482777)

巻号頁・発行日

no.9, pp.89-101, 2011-03-21

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Three hundred forty-four young female students rated the interpersonal attraction of 40 different various male pictures. They also rated the degree of desires to be the friend, the lover, the sex partner and the marriage partner. Factor analysis extracted 4 different kind of attraction, which are the beauty attraction, the healthy attraction, the interpersonal attraction, and the social attraction. Making these 4 different attraction factors as independent variables, and the degrees of desired relationships with the male picture stimuli as the dependent variables, the stepwise multiple regression analysis were conducted.The standardized multiple regression coefficients showed the importance of the kind of attraction determining the degree of desired relationships (Friend, lover, sexual partner, marriage partner). The beauty attraction is most valued in love and sexual relationships. The social attraction is most valued in the marriage relationship. The interpersonal attraction is valued most in the friend relationship. The kinds of attraction are valued differentlyaccording to the kind of desired relationships.

著者

シュラトフ ヤロスラブ

出版者

北海道大学スラブ・ユーラシア研究センター

雑誌

スラヴ研究 (ISSN:05626579)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, pp.59-81, 2020-07-16

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Sakhalin occupies a special place in the history of relations between Russia and Japan. Depending on the times, the island has been a battlefield or a place for cooperation; the rivalry over Sakhalin was often an agenda-setting factor for bilateral relations. The island could be set as a sort of “crossroad,” where Russia and Japan interacted variously; a “mirror,” reflecting the condition of Russo-Japanese contact. The situation over Sakhalin was particularly dynamic in the first half of the twentieth century. The island became the last battlefield in the Russo-Japanese War, and then the final crucial problem at the peace conference. According to the Portsmouth Peace Treaty, Sakhalin was divided between the two empires, which created a precedent of revising the Russo-Japanese borderline with military force?since 1905, it has been changed only by wars. Still, the demarcation of a new border took place in a peaceful atmosphere, symbolizing the cooperative trend in the bilateral relations after the war. The situation seemed to have been resolved. Yet the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917 rendered Sakhalin the subject of Russo-Japanese bargaining again. Then, with the outbreak of civil war in Russia, Japan took an active part in intervention, deploying the largest contingent of troops to Siberia and the Far East. The center of Sakhalin Oblast, Nikolaevsk, was occupied by Japanese troops in 1918. After the clashes with partisans and annihilation of the Japanese garrison and its inhabitants in 1920 (the “Nikolaevsk Incident”), Japan occupied Northern Sakhalin, making it the hostage of settlement with Russia. After the USSR was established and Soviet-Japanese negotiations launched officially, Sakhalin became the key problem, particularly at the final stage. After reaching a compromise on this issue, the Peking Convention was signed in 1925. A new “Soviet” Russia repossessed Northern Sakhalin, and the USSR was officially acknowledged by Japan, which carved out concession rights for Sakhalin oil and coal, effective until 1944. These events became the subject of attention by many prominent scholars, including John Stephan, Teruyuki Hara, Takashi Murakami, Naoki Amano, etc. However, mostly due to lack of archival sources, the period of 1917-1922 remains insufficiently researched, particularly from the viewpoint of diplomatic history. What place did Sakhalin occupy in the negotiations between Japan and its Russian counter-partners, especially given the enormous dynamics of changes and diversity of political actors involved? This article analyzes the role and evolution of the Sakhalin issue in Russo-Japanese relations after the collapse of the Russian Empire in February 1917 to the establishing of the USSR in late 1922. The author conducts multi-archival research and examines the position of the provisional government, the Kolchak administration, Russian military circles, and local authorities, as well as the Bolsheviks and Soviet officials in Moscow and the Far East, providing analysis of the complicated “mosaic” over Sakhalin in Russo/Soviet relations during the abovementioned period. The article uses various declassified files mostly from Russian archives (AVP RI, AFP RF, RGIA, and RGASPI), as well as materials of the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (Gaimush? Gaik? Shiry?kan) and published documental collections. The issue of Sakhalin appeared on the table of negotiations with Japan soon after the February Revolution. Japan worried about the US involvement in developing the island’s resources, and encouraged the provisional government to exclude American capital and provide the Japanese with prerogatives, but Petrograd was reluctant to do so. The Russian military also took a cautious stance towards Japan, suspecting it of using Russia’s weakening position and expanding its influence over her eastern territories including Sakhalin. After the Bolsheviks took power in November 1917, the situation became more complicated. Amid the collapse of governance and the state system in Russia, Japan actively engaged in the intervention and intensified her attempts to participate in mining at Sakhalin. Yet Kolchak and his administration, which subsequently took control of most of Siberia and the Far East, generally inherited a guarded attitude toward Japan, suspecting her of using Russia’s weakness and seizing key positions in the economy of its eastern territories, including purchase of Northern Sakhalin and obtainment of wide concessional rights. Despite the Japanese bids, the Omsk government eventually decided to employ the “free hands” principal in Sakhalin, denying exclusive rights to the Japanese. Tokyo’s hopes of gaining the privileges in fact turned out to be a false dawn. Ironically, except for Japanese-backed G. Semyonov, it was the Bolshevik government that constantly claimed to acknowledge prerogatives for the Japanese in East Russia. The Soviet officials made the first attempts to reach an agreement with Japan as early as in December 1917, offering privileges in a vast territory including Northern Sakhalin. From the very beginning, the Soviets regarded the island as one of the important tools for negotiations with the Japanese. But Japan did not take it seriously and refused to keep contact with the Soviet government. Being fully occupied with the Civil War, Moscow was unable to deal with Japan, but the situation changed after the fall of Kolchak. While organizing the Far Eastern Republic (DVR) as a buffer state in order to avoid the risk of war with Japan, Chicherin and other Soviet officials claimed sovereignty over Siberia and the Far East and appealed to Tokyo, promising various economic benefits in the region. Moscow’s conciliatory attitude was criticized by the local Bolsheviks who stood for immediate Sovietization and a hard line against Japan, assuming this tactic most effective. One of the examples likely to be successful were the actions of Ya. Tryapitsyn and his group, who could reach agreement with the Japanese troops and gain control over Nikolaevsk, the center of Sakhalin Oblast. Yet, after the Nikolaevsk Incident, which caused the occupation of Northern Sakhalin and rebooting of interventionist actions by Japan, as well as after Merkulov’s coup d’etat, the local Bolsheviks and DVR leaders assumed a much more circumspect position and attempted to provide cessions. On the other hand, Moscow reinforced its influence, gradually pushing away the DVR actors and striving for direct negotiations with Japan. Thinking that time was on her side and implementing a “carrot and stick” attitude, the Soviet government used the so-called American factor or “international pressure,” while continuing to offer to grant concessions, the area of which shrank from the whole of East Siberia to Northern Sakhalin.

著者

林 優来

出版者

明治大学国際武器移転史研究所

雑誌

国際武器移転史 (ISSN:24238538)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.61-86, 2020-01-21

著者

塚原 義央 Yoshihisa Tsukahara

出版者

創価大学大学院

雑誌

創価大学大学院紀要 = The bulletin of the Graduate School, Soka University (ISSN:03883035)

巻号頁・発行日

no.30, pp.71-87, 2008-12-25

著者

本田 伸

出版者

弘前大学國史研究会

雑誌

弘前大学國史研究 (ISSN:02874318)

巻号頁・発行日

no.123, pp.35-40, 2007-10-30

著者

村上 純一

出版者

東京都立大学教育学研究室

雑誌

教育科学研究 (ISSN:02897121)

巻号頁・発行日

no.8, pp.49-58, 1989-07-01

著者

鶴園 裕 笠井 純一 中野 節子 片倉 穣 Tsuruzono Yutaka Kasai Junichi Nakano Setsuko Katakura Minoru

出版者

金沢大学教養部

雑誌

平成2(1990)年度 科学研究費補助金 一般研究(B) 研究成果報告書 = 1990 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

巻号頁・発行日

1991-03-01

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1.研究状況の把握 加賀藩はじめ諸藩における「渡来朝鮮人」の研究状況、史料の残存状況を調査・検討し、「日本近世初期渡来朝鮮人一覧稿」を作成した(研究成果報告書に収録)。 2.史料の調査・翻刻 (1)「家伝」の研究及び翻刻を行なった(報告書に収録)。(2)如鉄に関する(1)以外の史料の翻刻を行なった(報告書に収録)。(3)加賀藩における渡来朝鮮人の研究をすすめ、その成果を「加賀藩における渡来朝鮮人」としてまとめた(報告書に収録)。(4)九州地域他の「渡来朝鮮人」関係史料の調査を続行したが、目下整理中である。 3.加賀藩初期『侍塚』の分析 『加賀藩初期の侍帳』(石川県図書館協会)に収録された藩士の石高・役職等を全てパソコンに入力し、家臣団中における「渡来朝鮮人」如鉄の位置づけを明らかにした(報告書に収録)。 4.比較史的研究 東南アジアにおける「渡来朝鮮人」の研究を行ない、その存在形態を明らかにした(報告書に収録)。 5.研究会を月一回のペ-スで開き、研究成果の報告と問題点の整理を行なって、課題の追究に努めた。 6.総括と報告書の作成 上記の研究諸成に立脚し、総論「近世初期渡来朝鮮人冶究序説」をまとめ、諸成果とともに、研究成果報告書『日本近世初期における渡来朝鮮人の研究ー加賀藩を中心にー』に載録して刊行した。 5. Discussion Meeting were held once a month and members of the study team reported on their progress and problems. This helped to facilitate the individual research of team members. 6. Summary and Publication of the Research We summarized the findings of all the members of the study team and this is reported under the heading "Introduction to the Research on the Koreans brought to Japan in the Early Pre-Modern Period". The publication of this research also included the various reports mentioned above. 1. Literature Review Related to This Area of Research We reviewed and examined existing research and documents relating to these Koreans in the Kaga and the other clans and compiled a name list. This name list included such variables as could be determined, example age, rank etc. (Included in this report) 2. The Review and Rewriting of Documents (1) We reviewed and rewrote "Autobiography of Kim Jotetsu". (Included in this report) (2) We rewrote documents related directly to Jotetsu besides 2 (1) above. (Included in this report) (3) We reviewed and researched the history of these koreans in the Kaga clan and the result of this research is reported under the heading "The Koreans in the Kaga Clan". (Included in this report) (4) We expanded this study and included the Koreans brought to the Kyusyu area and other areas and are at the moment finalizing the details. 3. Analysis of the "Soldier's List" of the Early Kaga Clan With the help a personal computer, we analyzed the "Soldier's List" and was able to trace Jotetsu's movement and rise in rank in the Kaga clan. (Included in this report) 4. Comparative Study We also did a comparative study by researching this area in some South-Asian countries and endeavored to clarify the situation of the Koreans at that time. (Included in this report) 5. Discussion Meeting were held once a month and members of the study team reported on their progress and problems. This helped to facilitate the individual research of team members. 6. Summary and Publication of the Research We summarized the findings of all the members of the study team and this is reported under the heading "Introduction to the Research on the Koreans brought to Japan in the Early Pre-Modern Period". The publication of this research also included the various reports mentioned above.

著者

Kazuho Kobayashi Takehiro Higuchi Seiya Ueno

出版者

International Society of Artificial Life and Robotics

雑誌

Proceedings of the Joint Symposium of AROB-ISBC-SWARM2023

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1491-1496, 2023-01-25

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This paper proposes a hierarchical and distributed strategy for patrolling missions by robotic swarms, including a fixed base station. One of the essential requirements for autonomous robotic swarms is predictability from human operators. As a clue to satisfy this requirement in patrolling missions, the strategy employs hierarchized algorithms to maintain continuous connectivity to the base station by (i)global patrol and (ii)local patrol. Each robot selects the location to patrol by one of the two algorithms, according to the robot’s role. The paper also introduces a performance metric for the base station’s situational awareness, which may indicate the swarm behaviors’ predictability. The simulation study tested the proposed strategy and compared it to an existing strategy. The proposed strategy demonstrated successful patrol behavior with continuous connectivity to the base station. Though the existing strategy performed better in some aspects, the proposed strategy effectively covered the whole mission area and provided the base station with higher situational awareness.

著者

荒井 政治

出版者

關西大学經済學會

雑誌

關西大學經済論集 (ISSN:04497554)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.115-138, 1989-04-30

著者

関口 すみ子

出版者

法学志林協会

雑誌

法学志林 = Review of law and political sciences (ISSN:03872874)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.2, pp.1-36, 2009-09-30

著者

小川 捷之

出版者

横浜国立大学

雑誌

横浜国立大学教育紀要 (ISSN:05135656)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.1-33, 1974-10-05

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In Japan a neurosis called anthropophobia is common, and is thought to spring from Japanese culture (especially from the Japanese mode of interpersonal relationships). Symptoms of this neurosis are of a wide variety, such as fear of blushing, of exchanging glances, of being regarded as disagreeable, and of being exposed to the public eye. But in spite of these symptomatic differences, there seems to be a common self-consciousness among anthropophobics. In a therapeutic situation, they always complain about feelings of inadequacy. The purpose of this study was to investigate these characteristics of self-awareness from the psychological point of view. 1. The worries that are thought to be had by these neurotics were collected and arranged into 445 items. 100 college students and 50 anthropophobics were asked to make a self-evaluation on these 445 items, each accompanied by a 7 degree rating scale. Statistically significant differences were found in 341 of the 445 items (p<.01). According to this fact, it can be considered that anthropophobics are inclined to regard themselves as being "ill". To them, inferiority in one aspect results in considering themselves as being inferior to others in all possible ways. In other words, anthropophobics have a strong negative self-awareness. 2. Furthermore, after statistical consideration, 117 items were selected from the 341 items, and were used in the self-evaluation of 120 anthropophobics. As a result of the factor analysis concerning these 117 items, 8 factors were extracted. Factor I. Worry of the inability to blend into the group. Factor II. Personal dissatisfaction with oneself, and with one's mental function. Factor III. Awareness of others, resulting from worry of being regarded as disagreeable. Factor IV. Worry about the inability to feel "at home" in the presence of others. Factor V. Self-consciousness in the presence of others. Factor VI. Constant sense of feeling "low" and not "right". Factor VII. Worry of being overwhelmed by a crowd of people. Factor VIII. Worry of being regarded as an odd person. (In this factor, there were only a few items showing high factor loadings.)

著者

長谷川 成一

出版者

吉川弘文館

雑誌

日本歴史 (ISSN:03869164)

巻号頁・発行日

no.417, pp.42-60, 1983-02-01

著者

長谷川 成一

出版者

東北電力株式会社広報・地域交流部

雑誌

白い国の詩

巻号頁・発行日

no.569, pp.4-11, 2004-01-01

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本文データの図版は未許諾のため未掲載

著者

下山 憲治

出版者

早稲田大学法学会

雑誌

早稻田法學 (ISSN:03890546)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.599-631, 2010-03-20

著者

渡邊 淳子 Watanabe Junko

出版者

熊本大学

巻号頁・発行日

2009-03-25

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本論文の目的は、先行研究を基にした嗜癖の理論構築とその実証を行い、併せて回復への道筋も視野に入れながら、人間の自発性や合理性の能力の可能性を探ることにある。

著者

永田 憲史

出版者

none

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1-14,

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参議院法制局「特定立法事項調査研究」講演

著者

浜淵 久志

出版者

北海道大学經濟學部

雑誌

北海道大學 經濟學研究 (ISSN:04516265)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.263-292, 1980-03